메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 611-631

Double jeopardy in Hollywood: Age and gender in the careers of film actors, 1926-1999

Author keywords

Actor; Age; Career; Film; Gender

Indexed keywords


EID: 10844233574     PISSN: 08848971     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11206-004-0698-1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (79)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 84977424161 scopus 로고
    • The invisibility of age: Gender and class in later life
    • Arber, Sara, and Jay Ginn 1991 "The invisibility of age: Gender and class in later life." Sociological Review 39:260-291.
    • (1991) Sociological Review , vol.39 , pp. 260-291
    • Arber, S.1    Ginn, J.2
  • 3
    • 0031500153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The aging woman in popular film: Underrepresented, unattractive, unfriendly, and unintelligent
    • Bazzini, Doris G., William D. McIntosh, Stephen M. Smith, Sabrina Cook, and Caleigh Harris 1997 "The aging woman in popular film: Underrepresented, unattractive, unfriendly, and unintelligent." Sex Roles 36:531-543.
    • (1997) Sex Roles , vol.36 , pp. 531-543
    • Bazzini, D.G.1    McIntosh, W.D.2    Smith, S.M.3    Cook, S.4    Harris, C.5
  • 4
    • 85055296160 scopus 로고
    • The Hollywood 'graylist?' Audience demographics and age stratification among television writers
    • Bielby, Denise D., and William T. Bielby 1993 "The Hollywood 'graylist?' Audience demographics and age stratification among television writers." Current Research on Occupations and Professions 8:141-172.
    • (1993) Current Research on Occupations and Professions , vol.8 , pp. 141-172
    • Bielby, D.D.1    Bielby, W.T.2
  • 5
    • 0030306949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Women and men in film: Gender inequality among writers in a culture industry
    • Bielby, Denise D., and William T. Bielby 1996 "Women and men in film: Gender inequality among writers in a culture industry." Gender and Society 10:248-270.
    • (1996) Gender and Society , vol.10 , pp. 248-270
    • Bielby, D.D.1    Bielby, W.T.2
  • 6
    • 84965427409 scopus 로고
    • Cumulative versus continuous disadvantage in an unstructured labor market: Gender differences in the careers of television writers
    • Bielby, William T., and Denise D. Bielby 1992 "Cumulative versus continuous disadvantage in an unstructured labor market: Gender differences in the careers of television writers." Work and Occupations 19:366-386.
    • (1992) Work and Occupations , vol.19 , pp. 366-386
    • Bielby, W.T.1    Bielby, D.D.2
  • 8
    • 84984030641 scopus 로고
    • Old and female: Testing the double jeopardy hypothesis
    • Chappell, Neena L., and Betty Havens 1980 "Old and female: Testing the double jeopardy hypothesis." Sociological Quarterly 21:147-171.
    • (1980) Sociological Quarterly , vol.21 , pp. 147-171
    • Chappell, N.L.1    Havens, B.2
  • 10
    • 0043102707 scopus 로고
    • Los Angeles: University of Southern California Press
    • Davis, Richard H. 1980 Television and the Aging Audience. Los Angeles: University of Southern California Press.
    • (1980) Television and the Aging Audience
    • Davis, R.H.1
  • 12
    • 13244294452 scopus 로고
    • Meryl Streep attacks hollywood's gender gap at SAG conference
    • Aug. 3
    • Dutka, Elaine 1990 "Meryl Streep attacks hollywood's gender gap at SAG conference." Los Angeles Times, Aug. 3, p. 4.
    • (1990) Los Angeles Times , pp. 4
    • Dutka, E.1
  • 13
    • 0010775892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • London: British Film Institute
    • Dyer, Richard 1998 Stars. London: British Film Institute.
    • (1998) Stars
    • Dyer, R.1
  • 15
    • 84928458273 scopus 로고
    • Short-term projects and emergent careers: Evidence from Hollywood
    • Faulkner, Robert R., and Andy B. Anderson 1987 "Short-term projects and emergent careers: Evidence from Hollywood." American Journal of Sociology 92:879-909.
    • (1987) American Journal of Sociology , vol.92 , pp. 879-909
    • Faulkner, R.R.1    Anderson, A.B.2
  • 16
    • 0030091252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double jeopardy to health hypothesis for African Americans: Analysis and critique
    • Ferraro, Kenneth F., and Melissa M. Farmer 1996 "Double jeopardy to health hypothesis for African Americans: Analysis and critique." Journal of Health and Social Behavior 37:27-43.
    • (1996) Journal of Health and Social Behavior , vol.37 , pp. 27-43
    • Ferraro, K.F.1    Farmer, M.M.2
  • 17
    • 0002116451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultivation analysis: An overview
    • Gerbner, George 1998 "Cultivation analysis: An overview." Mass Communications and Society 1:175-194.
    • (1998) Mass Communications and Society , vol.1 , pp. 175-194
    • Gerbner, G.1
  • 18
    • 0034136704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Male entertainment award winners are older than female winners
    • Gilberg, Michael, and Terence Hines 2000 "Male entertainment award winners are older than female winners." Psychological Reports 86:175-178.
    • (2000) Psychological Reports , vol.86 , pp. 175-178
    • Gilberg, M.1    Hines, T.2
  • 19
    • 84935323539 scopus 로고
    • The maturational and role perspectives on aging and self through the adult years: An empirical evaluation
    • Gove, Walter R., Suzanne T. Ortega, and Carolyn Briggs Style 1989 "The maturational and role perspectives on aging and self through the adult years: An empirical evaluation." American Journal of Sociology 94:1117-1145.
    • (1989) American Journal of Sociology , vol.94 , pp. 1117-1145
    • Gove, W.R.1    Ortega, S.T.2    Style, C.B.3
  • 20
    • 13244254380 scopus 로고
    • 'Puffed sleeves before tea-time:' Joan Crawford, Adrian and women audiences
    • Christine Gledhill (ed.), London: Routledge
    • Herzog, Charlotte Cornelia, and Jane Marie Gaines 1991 "'Puffed sleeves before tea-time:' Joan Crawford, Adrian and women audiences." In Christine Gledhill (ed.), Stardom: Industry of Desire: 74-91. London: Routledge.
    • (1991) Stardom: Industry of Desire , pp. 74-91
    • Herzog, C.C.1    Gaines, J.M.2
  • 22
    • 0003164433 scopus 로고
    • Multiple jeopardy, multiple consciousness: The context of a black feminist ideology
    • King, Deborah K. 1988 "Multiple jeopardy, multiple consciousness: The context of a black feminist ideology." Signs 14:42-72.
    • (1988) Signs , vol.14 , pp. 42-72
    • King, D.K.1
  • 23
    • 0026133396 scopus 로고
    • Stereotypes of young and old: Does age outweigh gender?
    • Kite, Mary E., Kay Deaux, and Margaret Miele 1991 "Stereotypes of young and old: Does age outweigh gender?" Psychology and Aging 6:19-27.
    • (1991) Psychology and Aging , vol.6 , pp. 19-27
    • Kite, M.E.1    Deaux, K.2    Miele, M.3
  • 25
    • 13244261811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A powerful cinema-going force? Hollywood and female audiences since the 1960s
    • Melvyn Stokes and Richard Maltby (eds.), London: BFI Publishing
    • Krämer, Peter 1999 "A powerful cinema-going force? Hollywood and female audiences since the 1960s." In Melvyn Stokes and Richard Maltby (eds.), Identifying Hollywood's Audiences: Cultural Identity and the Movies: 93-108. London: BFI Publishing.
    • (1999) Identifying Hollywood's Audiences: Cultural Identity and the Movies , pp. 93-108
    • Krämer, P.1
  • 26
    • 13244299910 scopus 로고
    • The democratic elite: America's movie stars
    • Levy, Emanuel 1989 "The democratic elite: America's movie stars." Qualitative Sociology 12:29-54.
    • (1989) Qualitative Sociology , vol.12 , pp. 29-54
    • Levy, E.1
  • 27
    • 84929225201 scopus 로고
    • Stage, sex, and suffering: Images of women in American films
    • 1990a "Stage, sex, and suffering: Images of women in American films." Empirical Studies of the Arts 8:53-76.
    • (1990) Empirical Studies of the Arts , vol.8 , pp. 53-76
  • 28
    • 84964179104 scopus 로고
    • Social attributes of American movie stars
    • 1990b "Social attributes of American movie stars." Media, Culture and Society 12:247-267.
    • (1990) Media, Culture and Society , vol.12 , pp. 247-267
  • 29
    • 84984049085 scopus 로고
    • Intersections of gender and aging
    • Levy, Judith A. 1988 "Intersections of gender and aging." Sociological Quarterly 29:479-486.
    • (1988) Sociological Quarterly , vol.29 , pp. 479-486
    • Levy, J.A.1
  • 30
    • 84936824641 scopus 로고
    • Job involvement through the life course: A panel study of three age groups
    • Lorence, Jon, and Jeylan T. Mortimer 1989 "Job involvement through the life course: A panel study of three age groups." American Sociological Review 50:618-638.
    • (1989) American Sociological Review , vol.50 , pp. 618-638
    • Lorence, J.1    Mortimer, J.T.2
  • 33
    • 0033216577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glass ceilings and glass escalators: Occupational segregation and race and sex differences in managerial promotions
    • Maume, David J., Jr. 1999 "Glass ceilings and glass escalators: Occupational segregation and race and sex differences in managerial promotions." Work and Occupations 26:483-509.
    • (1999) Work and Occupations , vol.26 , pp. 483-509
    • Maume Jr., D.J.1
  • 34
    • 0002558363 scopus 로고
    • Theorizing age and gender relations
    • Sara Arber and Jay Ginn (eds.), Buckingham, UK: Open University Press
    • McMullin, Julie 1995 "Theorizing age and gender relations." In Sara Arber and Jay Ginn (eds.), Connecting Gender and Ageing: A Sociological Approach: 30-41. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.
    • (1995) Connecting Gender and Ageing: A Sociological Approach , pp. 30-41
    • McMullin, J.1
  • 35
    • 13244268955 scopus 로고
    • Blacklist gone - Now it's a graylist, conferees believe
    • Sept. 13
    • Michaelson, Judith 1993 "Blacklist gone - Now it's a graylist, conferees believe." Los Angeles Times, Sept. 13, p. 2.
    • (1993) Los Angeles Times , pp. 2
    • Michaelson, J.1
  • 36
    • 0008944678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The gendered life course
    • Robert H. Binstock and Linda K. George (eds.), San Diego: Academic Press
    • Moen, Phyllis 2001 "The gendered life course." In Robert H. Binstock and Linda K. George (eds.), Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences: 179-196. San Diego: Academic Press.
    • (2001) Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences , pp. 179-196
    • Moen, P.1
  • 37
    • 84970702916 scopus 로고
    • The effects of physical attractiveness and other demographic characteristics on promotion decisions
    • Morrow, Paula C., James C. McElroy, Bernard G. Stamper, and Mark A. Wilson 1990 "The effects of physical attractiveness and other demographic characteristics on promotion decisions." Journal of Management 16:723-736.
    • (1990) Journal of Management , vol.16 , pp. 723-736
    • Morrow, P.C.1    McElroy, J.C.2    Stamper, B.G.3    Wilson, M.A.4
  • 38
    • 13244266191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Encino, CA: Motion Picture Association of America
    • Motion Picture Association 2002 2002 Movie Attendance Study. Encino, CA: Motion Picture Association of America.
    • (2002) 2002 Movie Attendance Study
  • 40
    • 0016996037 scopus 로고
    • A general theory of bibliometric and other commutative advantage processes
    • Price, Derek J. D. 1976 "A general theory of bibliometric and other commutative advantage processes." Journal of the American Society for Information Science 27:292.
    • (1976) Journal of the American Society for Information Science , vol.27 , pp. 292
    • Price, D.J.D.1
  • 42
  • 43
    • 0037306021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Including mechanisms in our models of ascriptive inequality
    • Reskin, Barbara F. 2003 "Including mechanisms in our models of ascriptive inequality." American Sociological Review 68:1-21.
    • (2003) American Sociological Review , vol.68 , pp. 1-21
    • Reskin, B.F.1
  • 44
    • 0023515702 scopus 로고
    • On the significance of age in sociology
    • Riley, Matilda White 1987 "On the significance of age in sociology." American Sociological Review 52:1-14.
    • (1987) American Sociological Review , vol.52 , pp. 1-14
    • Riley, M.W.1
  • 46
    • 0036300469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Being different can hurt: Effects of deviations from physical norms on lawyers' salaries
    • Saporta, Ishak, and J. J. Halpern 2002 "Being different can hurt: Effects of deviations from physical norms on lawyers' salaries." Industrial Relations 41:426-466.
    • (2002) Industrial Relations , vol.41 , pp. 426-466
    • Saporta, I.1    Halpern, J.J.2
  • 51
    • 0002326894 scopus 로고
    • Television and conceptions about sex roles: Maintaining conventionality and the status quo
    • Signorielli, Nancy 1989 "Television and conceptions about sex roles: Maintaining conventionality and the status quo." Sex Roles 21:337-356.
    • (1989) Sex Roles , vol.21 , pp. 337-356
    • Signorielli, N.1
  • 52
    • 84925976640 scopus 로고
    • Occupational recruitment, retention, and labor force cohort representation
    • Simpson, Ida Harper, Richard L. Simpson, Mark Evers, and Sharon S. Poss 1982 "Occupational recruitment, retention, and labor force cohort representation." American Journal of Sociology 87:1287-1313.
    • (1982) American Journal of Sociology , vol.87 , pp. 1287-1313
    • Simpson, I.H.1    Simpson, R.L.2    Evers, M.3    Poss, S.S.4
  • 53
    • 0010781143 scopus 로고
    • The double standard of aging
    • Juanita H. Williams (ed.), New York: Academic Press
    • Sontag, Susan 1979 "The double standard of aging." In Juanita H. Williams (ed.), Psychology of Women: Selected Readings: 462-78. New York: Academic Press.
    • (1979) Psychology of Women: Selected Readings , pp. 462-478
    • Sontag, S.1
  • 54
    • 0009126311 scopus 로고
    • Feminine fascinations: Forms of identification in star-audience relations
    • Janet Staiger (ed.), New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press
    • Stacey, Jackie 1991 "Feminine fascinations: Forms of identification in star-audience relations." In Janet Staiger (ed.), The Studio System: 141-163. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
    • (1991) The Studio System , pp. 141-163
    • Stacey, J.1
  • 57
    • 0036624065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occupational stratification across the life course: Evidence from the Wisconsin longitudinal study
    • Warren, John Robert, Robert M. Hauser, and Jennifer T. Sheridan 2002 "Occupational stratification across the life course: Evidence from the Wisconsin longitudinal study." American Sociological Review 67:432-455.
    • (2002) American Sociological Review , vol.67 , pp. 432-455
    • Warren, J.R.1    Hauser, R.M.2    Sheridan, J.T.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.