The estimation of renal transit using renography - our opinion

Nuclear Medicine Communications

Volumn 25, Issue 12, 2004, Pages 1223-1231

  Kuyvenhoven, Jacob D ^a   Ham, Hamphrey R ^a   Piepsz, Amy ^a  

^a GHENT UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Methodology; Radionuclides; Renal transit; Renography

Indexed keywords

HUMAN; IMAGING; KIDNEY FUNCTION; PARAMETER; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; RENOGRAPHY; REVIEW; VALIDATION PROCESS;

GRAVITATION; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION, RENAL; HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR; IMAGE PROCESSING, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; KIDNEY; KIDNEY CORTEX; KIDNEY DISEASES; RADIOISOTOPE RENOGRAPHY; RENAL ARTERY; RENAL ARTERY OBSTRUCTION; STATISTICS; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 10144247912     PISSN: 01433636     EISSN: 14735628     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00006231-200412000-00012     Document Type: Article

References (115)

1. Kade H, Meredith OM, Taplin GV, Winter CC. The radioisotope renogram. An external test for individual kidney function and upper urinary tract patency. J Lab Clin Med 1956; 48:886-901.
2. Stewart BH, Haynie TP, Arbor A. Critical appraisal of the renogram in renal vascular disease. JAMA 1962; 12:454-459.
3. 131). Standardization of technic and expression of data. Am J Clin Pathol 1962; 37:567-578.
4. Witcofski RL, Whitley JE, Meschan I, Painter WE. A method and parameters for the analysis of renal function by external scintillation technic. Radiology 1961; 76:621-628.
5. Colin F, Mercenier P, Lenaers A, Kornitzer M, Cleempoel H. Etude experimentale du renogramme. Arch Kreisl Forsch 1965; 46:289-306.
6. Brown NJ, Britton KE. The renogram and its quantitation. Br J Urol 1969; Suppl:15-25.
7. Baschieri I, Scuncio G, Arzano S, Benedetti-Valentini F, Citone G. Experimental studies of the renogram by artery catherization in man. Strahlentherapie (Sonderb) 1968; 67:398-405.
8. Meldolesi U, Roncari G, Fidanza MA, Conte L. First attempts of clinical application of a method for the quantitative interpretation of renogram with radiohippuran. J Nucl Biol Med 1969; 13:94-102.
9. O'Reilly PH, Testa HJ, Lawson RS, Farrar DJ, Edwards EC. Diuresis renography in equivocal urinairy tract obstruction. Br J Urology 1978; 50:76-80.
10. Chaiwatanarat T, Padhy AK, Bomanji JB, Nimmon CC, Sonmezoglu K, Britton KE. Validation of renal output efficiency as an objective quantitative parameter in the evaluation of upper renal tract obstruction. J Nucl Med 1993; 34:845-848.
11. Piepsz A, Kuyvenhoven JD, Tondeur M, Ham H. Normalized residual activity: usual values and robustness of the method. J Nucl Med 2002; 43:33-38.
12. Britton KE, Nawaz MK, Whitfield CC, Carroll MJ, Granowska M, Mlodkowska E. Obstructive nephropathy: comparison between parenchymal transit time index and frusemide diuresis. Br J Urology 1987; 59:127-132.
13. Lawson RS. Application of mathematical methods in dynamic nuclear medicine studies. Phys Med Biol 1999; 44:R57-R98.
14. Makoba GI, Nimmon CC, Kouykin V, Gupta AK, Gupta H, Britton K. Comparison of a corticopelvic transfer index with renal transit times. Nucl Med Commun 1996; 17:212-215.
15. Piepsz A, Ham HR, Dobbeleir A. How to exclude renal obstruction in children. Comparison of intrarenal transit times, cortical transit times and the frusemide test. In: Joekes AM, Constable AR, Brown NJG, Tauxe WN (editors): Radionuclides in Nephrology. London: Academic Press; 1982, pp. 199-204.
16. Gordon I, Mialdea-Fernandez RM, Peters AM. Pelviureteric junction obstruction: the value of post micturtion view in Tc99m-DTPA diuretic renography. Br J Urol 1988; 61:409-412.
17. Rossleigh MA, Leighton DM, Farnsworth RH. Diuresis renography: The need for an additional view after gravity-assisted drainage. Clin Nucl Med 1993; 18:210-213.
18. Denneberg T. Critical analysis of the renogram tracing in normal subjects and in the diseased state. In: Timmermans L, Merchie G (editors): Radioisotopes in the Diagnosis of Diseases of the Kidneys and the Urinary Tract. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica Foundation; 1969, pp. 222-227.
19. Fommei E, Mezzasalma L, Ghione S, Volerrani D, Oei Y, Hilson A, et al. European Captropril Test Multicenter Study. Preliminary results. Am J Hypertens 1991; 4:690S-697S.
20. Taylor A, Nally J, Aurell M, Blaufox D, Dondi M, Dubovsky E, et al. Consensus report on ACE inhibitor renography for detecting renovascular hypertension. J Nucl Med 1996; 37:1876-1882.
21. Li Y, Blaufox MD, Fine EJ, On behalf of the Einstein/Cornell Collaborative Study of Renovascular Hypertension. Effect of captopril on renal mean transit time in patients with essential hypertension. In: Taylor A, Nally JV, Thomsen H (editors). Radionuclides in Nephrourology. Reston: Society of Nuclear Medicine; 1997, pp. 82-87.
22. 131I-hippurate renogram as a quantitative test of function in renal parenchymal disease. Nephron 1973; 11:354-364.
23. Britton KE, Brown NJG. The hippuran output curve. In: Britton KE, Brown NJ (editors): Clinical Renography. London: Lloyd-Luke; 1971, pp. 163-171.
24. Nimmon CC, Britton KE, Bomanji J, Jafri RA, Carroll MJ, Whitfield HN. Quantitation of the frusemide response with a comparison with parenchymal transit time analysis in the Tc-99m DTPA renal study. In: Schmidt HAE, Csernay L (editors): Nuklearmedizin. New Trends and Possibilities in Nuclear Medicine. Stuttgart: Schattauer; 1988, pp. 472-475.
25. Piepsz A, Tondeur M, Ham H. NORA: Simple and reliable parameter for estimating renal output with or without frusemide challenge. Nucl Med Commun 2000; 21:317-323.
26. Fleming JS, Kemp PM. A comparison of deconvolution and the Patlak-Rutland plot in renography analysis. J Nucl Med 1999; 40:1503-1507.
27. Kuyvenhoven JD, Ham HR, Piepsz A. Optimal time window for measurement of renal output parameters. Nucl Med Rev Cent East Eur 2002; 5:105-108.
28. Anderson PJ, Rangarajan V, Gordon I. Assessment of drainage in PUJ dilatation: Pelvic excretion efficiency as an index of renal function. Nucl Med Commun 1997; 18:823-826.
29. Russell CD, Japanwalla M, Khan S, Scott JW, Dubovsky EV. Techniques for measuring renal transit time. Eur J Nucl Med 1995; 22:1372-1378.
30. Kuyvenhoven JD, Ham HR, Piepsz A. The influence of renal function on normalized residual activity. Nucl Med Commun 2004; 25:151-154.
31. Oei HY. The significance of renoscintigraphy for renal transplantation. (Thesis). Utrecht: University of Utrecht; 1981, pp. 78-79.
32. Stephenson JL. Theory of the measurements of blood flow by the dilution of an indicator. Bull Math Biophys 1948; 10:117-121.
33. Kenny RW, Ackery DM, Fleming JS, Goddard BA, Grant RW. Deconvolution analysis of the scintillation camera renogram. Br J Radiol 1975; 48:481-486.
34. 99mTc-DTPA dynamic renal scan with deconvolution analysis. J Nucl Med 1976; 17:352-355.
35. Fleming JS, Goddard BA. A technique for the deconvolution of the renogram. Phys Med Biol 1974; 19:546-549.
36. Kuruc A, Treves S, Parker JA. Accuracy of deconvolution algorithms assessed by simulation studies: concise communication. J Nucl Med 1983; 24:258-263.
37. Fine DR, Lurie RE, Candy GP. An anatomical and physiological model of the renal parenchyma-model development and parametric identification. Physiol Meas 1994; 15:407-428.
38. Britton KE, Nimmon CC. The measurement of renal transit times by deconvolution analysis. In: Blaufox MD (editor): Evaluation of renal function and disease with radionuclides. The upper urinary tract. 2nd edition. Basel: Karger; 1989, pp. 108-116.
39. Valentinuzzi ME, Montaldo Volachec EM. Discrete deconvolution. Med Biol Eng 1975; 13:123-125.
40. Carlsen O. Direct deconvolution algorithms based on Laplace transforms in nuclear medicine applications. Nucl Med Commun 2000; 20:857-868.
41. 3). Nuklearmedizin 1989; 28:73-83.
42. Sutton DG, Kempi V. Constrained least-squares restoration and renogram deconvolution: a comparison by simulation. Phys Med Biol 1992; 37:53-67.
43. Erbsmann F, Struyven J, Ham HR, Piepsz A. Analysis of error and systematic biases in the calculation of the renal retention function. In: Brill AB, Price PR (editors): Information Processing in Medical Imaging. Oak Ridge: ORNL; 1978, pp. 526-535.
44. Juni JE, Thrall JH, Froelich JW, Wiggins RC, Campbell DA, Tuscan M. The appended curve technique for deconvolutional analysis-method and validation. Eur J Nucl Med 1988; 14:403-407.
45. Knešaurek K, Spaventi Š. Comparison of three deconvolution techniques in renography. Eur J Nucl Med 1984; 9:254-256.
46. Zierler KL. Equations for measuring blood flow by external monitoring of radioisotopes. Circ Res 1965; 16:309-321.
47. 3 renogram deconvolution. In: O'Reilly PH, Taylor A, Nally JV (editors): Radionuclides in Nephrourology. Blue Bell: Field Wood Medical Periodicals Inc; 1994, pp. 81-85.
48. Erbsmann F, Ham HR, Piepsz A, Struyven J. Validation of the calculation of the renal impulse response function. An analysis of errors and systematic biases. In: Amran Y, Laurent D (editors): Proceedings of the Biosigma Conference on Signals and Images in Medicine and Biology. Paris: S.N.I.E.; 1978, pp. 485-489.
49. Lawson RS, Brown NJG, Dance DR, Diffey BL, Erbsmann F, Fleming JS, et al. A multicentre comparison of techniques for deconvolution of the renogram. Proceedings of BNMS Annual Meeting, 1979.
50. Gamel J, Rousseau WF, Katholi CR, Mesel E. Pitfalls in digital computation of the impulse response function of vascular beds from indicator-dilution curves. Circ Res 1973; 32:516-523.
51. Niemi AJ. Technical note on discrete deconvolution. Med Biol Eng 1976; 14:582-584.
52. Puchal R, Pavía J, González A, Ros D. Optimal filtering values in renogram deconvolution. Phys Med Biol 1988; 33:831-845.
53. Ekman M, Volkmann R, Carlsson S. Noise reduction of renograms: a new algorithm applied to simulated renograms for evaluation of the renal retention function. Clin Physiol 1999; 19:482-489.
54. Rajabi H, Pant GS. Optimum filtration for time-activity curves in nuclear medicine. Nucl Med Commun 2000; 21:823-828.
55. Diffey BL, Corfield JR. Data-bounding technique in discrete deconvolution. Med Biol Eng 1976; 14:478.
56. Kuyvenhoven J, Ham H, Piepsz A. Is deconvolution applicable to renography? Nucl Med Commun 2001; 22:1255-1260.
57. Piepsz A, Ham HR, Erbsmann F, Hall M, Diffey BL, Goggin MJ, et al. A co-operative study on the clinical value of dynamic renal scanning with deconvolution analysis. Br J Radiol 1982; 55:419-433.
58. Fleming JS. Functional radionuclide imaging of renal mean transit time and glomerular filtration rate. Nucl Med Commun 1988; 9:85-96.
59. 3 using factor analysis. Nucl Med 1990; 29:170-176.
60. Thron CD. Some remarks on compartmental analysis of uptake and washout data. Life Sci 1978; 22:1287-1304.
61. Kubota K, Atkins HLA, Anaise D, Oster ZH, Pollack W. Quantitative evaluation of renal excretion on the dynamic DTPA renal scan. Clin Nucl Med 1988; 14:8-12.
62. Kuruc A, Treves ST, Rosen PR, Greenberg D. Estimation of plasma time-activity curve during radionuclide renography. J Nucl Med 1987; 28:1338-1340.
63. Tondeur M, Piepsz A, Dobbeleir A, Ham H. Technetium-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine gamma camera calculations: methodological problems. Eur J Nucl Med 1991; 18:83-86.
64. Merrick MV, Griffin TM. Evidence of a reflex provoking contraction of the renal pelvis (with some comments on its clinical implications). Eur J Nucl Med 1994; 21:521-524.
65. George NJR, O'Reilly PH. Effect of bladder pressure on renographic function. J Nucl Med 1986; 27:573.
66. Gullquist RR, Fleming JS. Error analysis by simulation studies in renography deconvolution. Phys Med Biol 1987; 32:383-395.
67. Ham HR. Is renography suitable for deconvolution? J Nucl Med 1996; 37:403-404.
68. Rutland MD. Mean transit times without deconvolution. Nucl Med Commun 1981; 2:337-344.
69. Rutland M. Mean transit times without deconvolution … reconsidered. Nucl Med Commun 2002; 23:91-96.
70. Rutland M. Database deconvolution. Nucl Med Commun 2003; 24:101-106.
71. Wyman DR. The reduction of renogram deconvolution to a direct method of transit time determination. Nucl Med Commun 1985; 6:767-775.
72. Kuyvenhoven JD, Ham HR, Piepsz A. Calculation of renal retention function without deconvolution. Nucl Med Commun 2003; 24:1097-1103.
73. Kuyvenhoven JD, Ham HR, Piepsz A. Recovery of renal retention function by differentiating the Patlak-Rutland plot. Nuc Med Commun 2004; 25:501-507.
74. Sfakianakis GN, Sfakianaki E, Bourgoignie J. Lasix captopril renography in the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension. In: Blaufox MD, Hollenberg NK, Raynaud C (editors): Radionuclides in Nephro-Urology, Contrib Nephrol. Basel: Karger; 1990, pp. 219-227.
75. Verboven M, Achten R, Keuppens F, Jonckheer M, Piepsz A. Radioisotopic transit parameters in obstruction of pelvi-ureteral junction. Urology 1988; 32:371-374.
76. 99mTc-DTPA scan in children. Nucl Med Commun 1984; 5:35-40.
77. Britton KE, Nimmon CC, Whitfield HN, Kelsy Fry I, Hendry WF, Wickham JE. The evaluation of obstructive nephropathy by means of parenchymal retention functions. In: Hollenberg NK, Lange S (editors): Radionuclides in Nephrology. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme; 1980, pp. 164-172.
78. Poropat M, Batinić D, Bašić M, Nižlić LJ, Dodig D, Milošević D, et al. Tc-99m DTPA renal scinitgraphy using deonvolution analysis with six functional images of the mean time to evaluate acute pyelonephritis. Clin Nucl Med 1998; 24:120-124.
79. Stritzke P, Kröger E, Witte G, Knop J, Schneider C. Functional imaging of characteristic kinetic parameters of kidney and thyroid. Nuklearmedizin 1980; 19:74-79.
80. Macleod MA, Houston AS. Factor analysis of dynamic structures (FADS) in the diagnosis of renal disease. Eur J Nucl Med 1989; 15:601-604.
81. O'Reilly PH, Lawson RS, Shields RA, Testa HJ. Idiopathic hydronephrosis-the diuresis renogram: a new non-invasive method of assessing equivocal pelviureteral junction obstruction. J Urol 1979; 121:153-155.
82. Koff SA, McDowell GC, Byard M. Diuretic assessment of obstruction in the infant: guidelines for successful interpretation. J Urol 1988; 140:1167-1168.
83. Conway JJ, Maizels M. The ‘well tempered’ diuretic renogram: a standard method to examine the asymptomatic neonate with hydronephrosis or hydroureteronephrosis. A report from combined meetings of the Society of Fetal Urology and Pediatric Nuclear Medicine, and members of the Pediatric Nuclear Medicine Council-the Society of Nuclear Medicine. J Nucl Med 1992; 33:2047-2051.
84. Gordon I, Dhillon HK, Gatanash H, Peters AM. Antenatal diagnosis of pelvic hydronephrosis: assessment of renal function and drainage as a guide to management. J Nucl Med 1991; 32:1649-1654.
85. Chung S, Majd M, Rushton HG, Belman AB. Diuretic renography in the evaluation of neonatal hydronephrosis: is it reliable? J Urol 1993; 150:765-768.
86. Kuyvenhoven JD, Ham HR, Piepsz A. Impaired drainage on diuretic renography using half-time pelvic excretion efficiency is not a sign of obstruction in children with a prenatal diagnosis of unilateral renal pelvic dilatation. J Urology 2004; 171:806.
87. Upsdell SM, Testa JH, Lawson RS. The F-15 diuresis renogram in suspected obstruction of the upper urinary tract. Br J Urol 1992; 69:126-131.
88. 3 diuretic renography in children: a comparison between F0 and F+20. Nucl Med Commun 2003; 24:1189-1193.
89. Koff SA, Thrall JH, Keyes JW. Diuretic radionuclide urography: a non-invasive method for evaluating nephroureteral dilatation. J Urol 1979; 122:451-454.
90. Thrall JH, Koff SA, Keyes JW. Diuretic radionuclide renography and scintigraphy in the differential diagnosis of hydroureteronephrosis. Semin Nucl Med 1981; 11:89-104.
91. MacGregor RJ, Konnak JW, Thrall JH, Campbell DA Jr, Koff SA. Diuretic radionuclide urography in the diagnosis of suspected ureteral obstruction following renal transplantation. J Urol 1983; 129:708-710.
92. Kass EJ, Majd M, Belman AB. Comparison of the diuretic renogram and the pressure perfusion study in children. J Urol 1985; 134:92-96.
93. Donoso G, Ham H, Tondeur M, Piepsz A. Influence of early furosemide injection on the split renal function. Nucl Med Commun 2003; 24:791-795.
94. Koff SA, Thrall JH, Keyes JW. Assessment of hydroureteronephrosis in children using diuretic radionuclide urography. J Urol 1980; 123:531-534.
95. Koff SA. Ureteropelvic junction obstruction: Role of newer diagnostic methods. J Urol 1982; 127:898-901.
96. Shore RM, Uehling DT, Bruskewitz R, Polcyn RE. Evaluation of obstructive uropathy with diuretic renography. Am J Dis Child 1983; 137:236-240.
97. O'Reilly PH. Diuresis renography 8 years later: an update. J Urol 1986; 136:993-999.
98. O'Reilly P, Aurell M, Britton K, Kletter K, Rosenthal L, Testa T. Consensus on diuresis renography for investigating the dilated upper urinary tract. J Nucl Med 1996; 37:1872-1876.
99. Hay AM, Norman WJ, Rice ML, Steventon RD. A comparison between diuresis renography and the Whitaker test in 64 kidneys. Br J Urol 1984; 56:561-564.
100. Kass EJ, Majd M. Evaluation and management of upper urinary tract obstruction in infancy and childhood. Urol Clin North Am 1985; 12:133-141.
101. Conway JJ. Well tempered diuresis renography: Its historical development, physiological and technical pitfalls, and standardized technique protocol. Semin Nucl Med 1992; 22:74-84.
102. Amarante J, Anderson PJ, Gordon I. Impaired drainage on diuretic renography using half-time or pelvic excretion efficiency is not a sign of obstruction in chlidren with a prenatal diagnosis of unilateral renal pelvic dilatation. J Urol 2003; 169:1828-1831.
103. Choong KK, Gruenewald SM, Hodson EM, Antico VF, Farlow DC, Cohen RC. Volume expanded diuretic renography in the postnatal assessment of suspected uretero-pelvic junction obstruction. J Nucl Med 1992; 33:2094-2098.
104. Howman Giles R, Uren R, Roy LP, Filmer RB. Volume expansion diuretic renal scan in urinary tract obstruction. J Nucl Med 1987; 28:824-828.
105. Yung BC, Sostre S, Gearhart JP. Normalized clearance-to-uptake slope ratio: A method to minimize false positive diuretic renograms. J Nucl Med 1993; 34:762-768.
106. Piepsz A, Arnello F, Tondeur M, Ham HR. Diuretic renography in children. J Nucl Med 1998; 39:2015-2016.
107. Wong DC, Rossleigh MA, Farnsworths RH. Diuretic renography with the addition of quantitative gravity-assisted drainage in infants and children. J Nucl Med 2000; 41:1030-1036.
108. Armstrong JA, Oates E. Quantitative gravity-assisted drainage in diuretic renography to confirm obstruction and reclassify equivocal responses. J Nucl Med 1998; 39:28P.
109. Jamar F, Piret L, Wese FX, Beckers C. Influence of ureteral status on kidney washout during technetium-99m-DTPA diuresis renography in children. J Nucl Med 1992; 33:73-78.
110. Saunders CA, Choong KK, Larcos G, Farlow D, Gruenewald SM. Assessment of pediatric hydronephrosis using output efficiency. J Nucl Med 1997; 38:1483-1486.
111. Jain S, Cosgriff PS, Turner DT, Aslam M, Morrish O. Calculating the renal output efficiency as a method for clarifying equivocal renograms in adults with suspected upper urinary tract obstruction. BJU Int 2003; 92:485-487.
112. Spicer ST, Chi KK, Nankivell BJ, Larcos G, Farlow DC, Choong KKL, et al. Mercaptoacetyltriglycine diuretic renography and output efficiency measurement in renal transplant patients. Eur J Nucl Med 1999; 26:152-154.
113. Piepsz A, Ham H. Factors influencing the accuracy of renal output efficiency. Nucl Med Commun 2000; 21:1009-1013.
114. Lupton EW, Lawson RS, Shields RA, Testa HJ. Diuresis renography and parenchymal transit times in the assessment of renal pelvic dilatation. Nucl Med Commun 1984; 5:451-459.
115. Fleming JS, Kemp PM. Deconvolution analysis or renal outflow efficiency? Reply. J Nucl Med 2000; 41:1595-1596.