Identification of new catalysts to promote imidazolide couplings and optimisation of reaction conditions using kinetic modelling

Organic Process Research and Development

Volumn 8, Issue 6, 2004, Pages 1054-1058

  Bright, Robert ^a   Dale, David J ^a   Dunn, Peter J ^a   Hussain, Farhat ^a   Kang, Ying ^a,b   Mason, Clive ^a   Mitchell, John C ^b   Snowden, Martin J ^b  

^a PFIZER GLOBAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GREENWICH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

1 HYDROXYBENZOTRIAZOLE; 2 HYDROXYPYRIDINE; BENZOTRIAZOLE DERIVATIVE; IMIDAZOLINE; PYRIDINE DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ACCURACY; ADDITION REACTION; ARTICLE; CATALYSIS; CATALYST; CHEMICAL REACTION; COMPUTER PROGRAM; KINETICS; SIMULATION; TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE;

EID: 10044283108     PISSN: 10836160     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/op049874m     Document Type: Article

References (9)

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5. Brethericks Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 6th ed.; Urben, P. G., Ed.; Butterworth-Heinemann: Boston, 1999: p 746.
6. Vaidyanathan, R.; Kalthod, V. G.; Ngo, D. P.; Manley, J. M.; Lapekas, S. P. J. Org. Chem. 2004, 69, 2565.
7. jacket data. The rate expression for the example reaction: A + B → C. Can take the form shown below: Rate = k[A] [B] where k is the rate constant, and [A] and [B] are the concentrations of species A and B, respectively. Dynochem enables the scientist to perform a kinetic fit to the observed data and hence find values of the rate constant, k, which fit the rate equation. Once a model is established that fits the actual data, then the model can be used to predict the outcome of previously untried experiments. In this way many scenarios can be examined at the desktop and optimum conditions predicted. If the data do not fit the model, it probably means that the mechanistic assumptions made in formulating the rate equation are incorrect and therefore need to be reexamined.
8. Although three sets of data were used to build this model, a single set of data (from a single isothermal experiment) could have been used to build this isothermal model.
9. The experiment in n-propyl acetate gave the following degree of reaction completion at the following time points 2 h (60%), 4 h (74%), 6 h (82%), 13 h (94%), 24 h (98%).