Peripartal metabolism and production of Holstein cows fed diets supplemented with fat during the dry period

Journal of Dairy Science

Volumn 87, Issue 12, 2004, Pages 4210-4220

  Douglas, G N ^a,b   Overton, T R ^a,c   Bateman II, H G ^a,d   Drackley, J K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

^b BEREA COLLEGE   (United States)

^c Department of Obstetrics Gynecology   (United States)

^d LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Dry period; Energy; Liver; Supplemental fat

Indexed keywords

EID: 10044227015     PISSN: 00220302     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73566-3     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Allein, C. C., L. S. Poon, C. S. Chan, W. Richmond, and P. C. Fu. 1974. Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol. Clin. Chem. 20:470-475.
2. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1990. Official Methods of Analysis. Vol. I. 15th ed. AOAC, Arlington, VA.
3. Bertics, S. J., R. R. Grummer, D. Cadorniga-Valino, and E. E. Stoddard. 1992. Effect of prepartum dry matter intake on liver triglyceride concentration in early lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 75:1914-1922.
4. Beyen, A. C., H. P. Haagsman, L. M. G. Van Golde, and M. J. H. Geelen. 1981. The effects of insulin and glucagon on the release of triacylglycerols by isolated rat hepatocytes are mere reflections of the hormonal effects on the rate of triacylglycerol synthesis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 665:1-7.
5. Bremmer, D. R., L. D. Ruppert, J. H. Clark, and J. K. Drackley. 1998. Effects of chain length and unsaturation of fatty acid mixtures infused into the abomasum of lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 81:176-188.
6. Cameron, R. E. B., P. B. Dyk, T. H. Herdt, J. B. Kaneene, R. Miller, H. F. Bucholtz, J. S. Liesman, M. J. VandeHaar, and R. S. Emery. 1998. Dry cow diet, management, and energy balance as risk factors for displaced abomasum in high producing dairy herds. J. Dairy Sci. 81:132-139.
7. Cappello, A. R., and G. V. Gnoni. 1994. Influence of triiodothyronine and insulin on the synthesis of glycerolipids in rat hepatocytes. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. 34:101-107.
8. Clark, J. H., T. H. Klusmeyer, and M. R. Cameron. 1992. Microbial protein synthesis and flows of nitrogen fractions to the duodenum of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 75:2304-2323.
9. Crocker, C. L. 1967. Rapid determination of urea nitrogen in serum or plasma without deproteinization. Am. J. Med. Technol. 33:361-365.
10. Domecq, J. J., A. L. Skidmore, J. W. Lloyd, and J. B. Kaneene. 1997. Relationship between body condition scores and milk yield in large dairy herd of high yielding Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 80:101-112.
11. Douglas, G. N. 2002. Peripartal lipid metabolism and tissue fatty acid composition in Holstein cows fed supplemental fat during the dry period. Ph.D. Diss., Univ. Illinois, Urbana.
12. Drackley, J. K. 1999. Biology of dairy cows during the transition period: The final frontier? J. Dairy Sci. 82:2259-2273.
13. Drackley, J. K., T. H. Klusmeyer, A. M. Trusk, and J. H. Clark. 1992. Infusion of long-chain fatty acids varying in saturation and chain length into the abomasum of lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 75:1517-1526.
14. Drackley, J. K., T. R. Overton, and G. N. Douglas. 2001. Adaptations of glucose and long-chain fatty acid metabolism in liver of dairy cows during the periparturient period. J. Dairy Sci. 84:E100-E112.
15. Drackley, J. K., J. J. Veenhuizen, M. J. Richard, and J. W. Young. 1991. Metabolic changes in blood and liver of dairy cows during either feed restriction or administration of 1,3-butanediol. J. Dairy Sci. 74:4254-4264.
16. Emery, R. S., J. S. Liesman, and T. H. Herdt. 1992. Metabolism of long chain fatty acids by ruminant liver. J. Nutr. 122:832-837.
17. Foster, L. B., and R. T. Dunn. 1973. Stable reagents for the determination of serum triglyceride by a colorimetric Hantzsch condensation method. Clin. Chem. 19:338-340.
18. Fronk, T. J., L. H. Schultz, and A. R. Hardie. 1980. Effects of dry period overconditioning on subsequent metabolic disorders and performance of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 63:1080-1090.
19. Grum, D. E., J. K. Drackley, L. R. Hansen, and J. D. Cremin, Jr. 1996a. Production, digestion, and hepatic lipid metabolism of dairy cows fed increased energy from fat or concentrate. J. Dairy Sci. 79:1836-1849.
20. Grum, D. E., J. K. Drackley, R. S. Younker, D. W. LaCount, and J. J. Veenhuizen. 1996b. Nutrition during the dry period and hepatic lipid metabolism of periparturient dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 79:1850-1864.
21. Grummer, R. R. 1993. Etiology of lipid-related metabolic disorders in periparturient dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 76:3882-3896.
22. Grummer, R. R. 1995. Impact of changes in organic nutrient metabolism on feeding the transition cow, J. Anim. Sci. 73:2820-2833.
23. Johnson, M. M., and J. P. Peters. 1993. Technical note: An improved method to quantify nonesterified fatty acids in bovine plasma. J. Anim. Sci. 71:753-756.
24. Keady, T. W. J., C. S. Mayne, D. A. Fitzpatrick, and M. A. McCoy. 2001. Effect of concentrate feed level in late gestation on subsequent milk yield, milk composition, and fertility of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 84:1468-1479.
25. Kunz, P. L., J. W. Blum, I. C. Hart, H. Bickel, and J. Landis. 1985. Effects of different energy intakes before and after calving on food intake, performance and blood hormones and metabolites in dairy cows. Anim. Prod. 40:219-231.
26. Lo, S., J. C. Russell, and A. W. Taylor. 1970. Determination of glycogen in small tissue samples. J. Appl. Physiol. 28:234-236.
27. Morris, T. R. 1999. Pages 31-41 in Experimental Design and Analysis in Animal Sciences. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK.
28. Morrow, D. A. 1976. Fat cow syndrome. J. Dairy Sci. 59:1625-1629.
29. National Research Council. 1989. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 6th rev. ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
30. National Research Council. 2001. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 7th rev. ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
31. Otto, K. L., J. D. Ferguson, D. G. Fox, and C. J. Sniffen. 1991. Relationship between body condition score and composition of ninth to eleventh rib tissue in Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 74:852-859.
32. Palmquist, D. L., and H. R. Conrad. 1978. High fat rations for dairy cows. Effects on feed intake, milk and fat production, and plasma metabolites. J. Dairy Sci. 61:890-901.
33. Reid, I. M., C. J. Roberts, R. J. Treacher, and L. A. Williams. 1986. Effect of body condition at calving on tissue mobilization, development of fatty liver and blood chemistry of dairy cows. Anim. Prod. 43:7-15.
34. Rukkwamsuk, T., T. Wensing, and M. J. H. Geelen. 1998. Effect of overfeeding during the dry period on regulation of adipose tissue metabolism in dairy cows during the periparturient period. J. Dairy Sci. 81:2904-2911.
35. SAS User's Guide: Statistics, Version 7 Edition. 1998. SAS Inst., Inc. Cary, NC.
36. Skaar, T. C., R. R. Grummer, M. R. Dentine, and R. H. Stauffacher. 1989. Seasonal effects of prepartum and postpartum fat and niacin feeding on lactation performance and lipid metabolism. J. Dairy Sci. 72:2028-2038.
37. Studer, V. A., R. R. Grummer, and S. J. Bertics. 1993. Effect of prepartum propylene glycol administration on periparturient fatty liver in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 76:2931-2939.
38. Sukhija, P. S., and D. L. Palmquist. 1988. Rapid method for determination of total fatty acid content and composition of feedstuffs and feces. J. Agric. Food Chem. 36:1202-1206.
39. Treacher, R. J., I. M. Reid, and C. J. Roberts. 1986. Effect of body condition at calving on the health and performance of dairy cows. Anim. Prod. 43:1-6.
40. Trinder, P. 1969. Determination of blood glucose using 4-amino phenazone as oxygen acceptor. Clin. Pathol. 22:246.
41. VandeHaar, M. J., G. Yousif, B. K. Sharma, T. H. Herdt, R. S. Emery, M. S. Allen, and J. S. Liesman. 1999. Effect of energy and protein density of prepartum diets on fat and protein metabolism of dairy cattle in the periparturient period. J. Dairy Sci. 82:1282-1295.
42. Vazquez-Añon, M., S. J. Bertics, and R. R. Grummer. 1997. The effect of dietary energy source during mid to late lactation on liver triglyceride and lactation performance of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 80:2504-2512.
43. Vazquez-Añon, M., S. Bertics, M. Luck, R. R. Grummer, and J. Pinheiro. 1994. Peripartum liver triglyceride and plasma metabolites in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77:1521-1528.
44. Weichselbaum, T. E. 1945. An accurate and rapid method for the determination of proteins in small amounts of blood serum and plasma. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 16:40-49.
45. Wildman, E. E., G. M. Jones, P. E. Wagner, R. L. Boman, H. F. Troutt, and T. N. Lesch. 1982. A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65:495-501.
46. Williamson, D. H., and J. Mellanby. 1974. D-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate. Pages 1836-1840 in Methods of Enzymatic Analysis. Vol. 4. H. U. Bergmeyer, ed. Academic Press, London, UK.
47. Wrenn, T. R., J. Bitman, R. A. Waterman, J. R. Weyant, D. L. Wood, L. L. Strozinski, and N. W. Hooven, Jr. 1978. Feeding protected and unprotected tallow to lactating cows. J. Dairy Sci. 61:49-58.