P-T path constraints from calc-silicate metapelitic rocks east of the Venetia kimberlite pipes, Central Zone, Limpopo Belt, South Africa: Have these rocks seen granulite-facies conditions?

South African Journal of Geology

Volumn 106, Issue 2-3, 2003, Pages 129-148

  Klemd, R ^a   Martin, j ^a   Schmidt, A ^b   Barton Jr , J M ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WÜRZBURG   (Germany)

^b GEOMAR HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR OCEAN RESEARCH KIEL   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GNEISS; GRANULITE FACIES; KIMBERLITE; METAMORPHISM; METAPELITE; P-T CONDITIONS; SCHIST;

AFRICA; LIMPOPO BELT; SOUTHERN AFRICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA;

EID: 0742287898     PISSN: 10120750     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2113/106.2-3.129     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. Barton. J.M. Jr., Barnett, W.P., Barton, E.S., Barnett, M., Doorgapershad, A., Twiggs, C., Klemd. R., Martin, J., Millonig, L. and Zenglein, R. (2003). The geology of the area surrounding the Venetia Kimberlite Pipes. Limpopo Belt, South Africa. South African Journal of Geology, 106. 109-128.
2. Barton. J.M., Jr., Holzer, L., Kamber, B., Doig. R. Kramers, J.D. and Nyfeler, D. (1994). Discrete matamorphic events in the Limpopo belt, southern Africa: Implications for the application of P-T paths in complex metamorphic terranes. Geology, 22. 1035-1038.
3. Barton, J.M., Jr. and Key, R.M. (1981). The tectonic development of the Limpopo Mobile Belt and the evolution of the Archaean cratons of southern Africa. In: A. Kröner, (Editor). Precambrian plate tectonics. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 185-212.
4. Barton, J.M., Jr. and Pretorius, W. (1998), Crustal xenoliths in Venetia kimberlite pipes in dicate a décollement at ∼ 10 km beneath the Central Zone of the Limpopo Belf. South Africa. Soulh African Journal of Geology, 101, 323-327.
5. Barton, J.M., Jr. and Van Reenen, D. D. (1992). When was the Limpopo Orogeny? Precambrian Research, 55, 7-16.
6. Berger, M., Kramers, J.D. and Nägler, T.F. (1995). An Archaean high grade province adjacent to a granite greenstone terrain: geochemistry and geochronology of chamoenderbites in the Northern Marginal Zone of the Limpopo Belt, Southern Africa and genetic models, Schweizerische Mineralogische and Petrographische Mitteilungen. 75, 17-42.
7. Boryta, M. D. (1988). Geochemistry and origin of igneous rocks from the Arcbean Beit Bridge Complex. Limpopo Belt, South Africa. MSc. Thesis (unpublished). New Mexico Institute of Technology. U.S.A., 111 p.
8. Boryta, M. and Condie, K. C. (1990). Geochemistry and origin of the Archaean Beit Bridge complex, Limpopo Belt. South Africa. Journal of the Geological Society of London, 147, 229-239.
9. Brandl, G. (1983). Geology and geochemistry of various supracrustal rocks of the Beit Bridge Complex east of Messina. In: W.J. Van Biljon, J.H. Legg (Editors), The Limpopo Belt. Special Publication of the Geological Society of South Africa. 8, 103-112.
10. Brown, P.E. and Hagemann, S.G. (1994). MacFlincor: A computer program for fluid inclusion data reduction and manipulation, In: B. De Vivo and M. L. Frezotti. M.L. (Editors), Fluid Inclusions in minerals, Methods and Applications. Virginia Polytechnicum Press. 231-250.
11. Bucher, K. and Frey (1994) Petrogenesis of metamorphic rocks. Springer-Verlag. Berlin. 318 pp.
12. Carmichael, D.M. ( 1969). On the mechanism of prograde metamorphic reactions in quart-bearing pelitic rocks, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology. 20, 244-267.
13. Cesare, B. (1995). Graphite precipitation in C-O-H fluid inclusions: closed system compositional and density changes, and thermobarometric implications. Contributions to Mineralugy and Petrology, 122, 25-33.
14. Chakraborty. S. and Ganguly, J. (1992). Cation diffusion in aluminosilicate garnets: experimental determination in spessartine-almandine diffusion couples, evaluation of effective binary diffusion coefficients. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 111, 74-86.
15. Chinner, G.A. and Sweatman, T.R. (1968). A former association of enstatite and kyanite. Mineralogy Magazine, 36, 1052-1060.
16. Doorgapershad, A., Barnet, M., Twiggs, C., Martin, J., Millonig, L., Zenglein, R., Klemd. R., Barnett, W., and Barton, J. M., Jr. (2003). Procedures used to produce the digitized geological mapping database of the area around the Venetia Kimberlite Pipes. Limpopo Belt, South Africa. South African Journal of Geology, 106, 191-194.
17. Droop, G.T.R. (1989). Reaction history of garnet-supphirine granulites and conditions of Archaean high- pressure granulite- facies metamorphism in the Central Limpopo Mobile Belt, Zimbabwe. Jourual of Metamorphic Geology. 7, 383-103.
18. Ellis, D.J. and Green, D.H. (1979). An experimental study of the effect of Ca upon garret-clinopyroxene Fe-Mg exchange equilibria. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology. 71, 13-22.
19. Eriksson, K.A., Kidd, W.S. and Krapez, B. (1988). Basin analysis in regionally metamorphosed and deformed early Archaean terrains: Examples from southern Africa ond western Australia. In: Kleinspehn, K.L. and Paola, C. (Editors), Frontiers in Sedimentary Geology, New Perspectives in Basin Analysis. Springer. New York. 371-404.
20. Harris, N.B.W. and Holland. T.J.B. (1984). The significance of cordierite-hypersthere assemblages from the Beithridge region of the Central Limpopo Belt: evidence for rapid decompression in the Archaean?. American Mineralogist, 69, 1036-1049.
21. Henry, J.H. and Guidotti, C.V. (1985). Tourmaline as a petrogenetic indicator mineral: an example from the staurolite- grade metapelites of NW Maine. American Mineralogist, 70, 1-15.
22. Hisada, K. and Miyano, T. (1996). Petrology and microthermometry of aluminous rocks in the Botswanan Limpopo Central Zone: Evidence for isothermal decompression and isobaric cooling. Journal of Metamorphic Geology. 14, 183-197.
23. Holland , T.J.B. and Blundy, R. (1994). Non-ideal interactions in calcic amphiboles and their bearing on amphibole-plagioclase thermometry. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 116, 433-447.
24. 2. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 8, 89-124.
25. Hollister, L.S. (1966). Garnet zoning: An interpretation based on the Rayleigh fractionation model. Science, 154, 1647-1651.
26. Holloway, J.R. (1981). Compositions and Volumes of supercritical fluids in the earth's crust. In: Hollister, L.S. and Crawford. M.L. (Editors), Short Course in fluid inclusion: Applications to petrology. Mineralogical Association of Canada, 13-38.
27. Holzer, L., Frei, R., Barton, J.M., Jr. and Kramers, J.D. (1998). Unraveling the record of successive high grade events in the Central Zone of the Limpopo Belt using Pb single phase dating of metamorphic minerals. Precambrian Research, 87, 87-115.
28. Holzen L., Barton J. M., Jr., Paya, B. K. and Kramers, J. D. (1999). Tectonothermal history in the western part of the Limpopo Belt: Test of tectonic models and new perspectives. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 28, 383-402.
29. Horrocks, P.C. (1983). The Precambrian geology of an area between Messina and Tshipise. Limpopo mobile belt. In: W.J. Van Biljon and J.H. Legg (Editors), The Limpopo Belt. Special Publication of the Geological Society of South Africa. 8, 81-88.
30. Ichihashi, T. and Miyano, T. (1995). An unique P-T trajectory of the Limpopo Central Zone with tectonic setting deeper to the marginal zones, northeast Beitbridge. Zimbabwe. Centennial Geocongress. Extended Abstracts 2, Geological Society of South Africa, Johannesburg. 178-180.
31. Jaeckel, P., Kröner, A., Kamo, S.L., Brandl, G. and Wendt, J.I. (1997). Late Archaean to early Proterozoic granitoid magmatism and high- grade metamorphism in the central Limpopo belt, South Africa. Journal of the Geological Society of London, 154, 25-44.
32. 2 fluid inclusions during grain- boundary migration. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 13, 239-249.
33. Kamber, B.S., Blenkinsop, T.G., Villa, I.M. and Dahl, P.S. (1995a). Proterozoic transpressive deformation in the Northern Marginal Zone, Limpopo Belt, Zimbabwe. Journal of Geology, 100, 490-508.
34. Kamber, B.S., Kramers, J.D., Napier, R. Cliff, R.A. and Rollinson, H.R. (1995b). The triangle Shearzone, Zimhabwe, revisited, new data document an important event at 2.0 Ga in tile Limpopo Belt. Precrambrian Research, 70, 191-213.
35. Kerkhof, A.M. van den, Touret, J.L.R., Maijer, C. and Jansen, J.B.H. (1991). Retrograde methane- dominated fluid inclusions from high- temperature granulites of Rogaland, southwestern Norway. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 55, 2533-2544.
36. 2 mixtures alevated pressures and temperatures. American Journal of Science, 281, 735-767.
37. V1 and Ti in biotite. European Journal of Mineralogy, 6, 925-941.
38. 2 inclusions in eclogite- facies metasediments of the Münchberg gneiss complex, SE Germany. Contributious to Mineralogy and Petrology, 111, 409-419
39. Klemd, R., Bröcker, M. and Schramm, J. (1995). Characterisation of amphibolite- facies fluids of Variscan eclogites from the Orlica- Snieznik dome (Sudetes, SW Poland). Chemical Geology, 119, 101-113.
40. Kretz, R. (1983). Symbols for rock- forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277-279.
41. Kreulen, R. (1987). Thermodynamic calculations of C-O-H system applied to fluid inclusions: Are fluid inclusion unbiassed samples of ancient fluids? Chemical Geology, 61, 59-64.
42. Kröner, A., Jaeckel, P., Brandl, G., Nemchin, A.A. and Pidgeon, R.T. (1999) Single zircon ages for granitoid gneisses in the Central Zone of the Limpopo Belt, Southern Africa and geodynamic significance. Precambrian Research, 93, 299-337.
43. Leake, B.E. (1978). Nomenclature of Amphiboles. American Mineralogist, 63, 1023-1052.
44. Liou, J.G., Maruyama, S. and Cho, M. (1985). Phase equilibria and mineral parageneses of metabasites in low-grade metamorphism. Mineralogical Magazine, 49, 321-333.
45. Martin, J. (2002) Geological and mineralogical investigations on an area adjacent to the Venetia Kimberlite pipes (South Africa). Diplom-thesis (unpublished). University of Würzburg. Germany, 132 p.
46. Massonne, H.- J. and Schreyer W. (1987). Phengite barometry based on the limiting assemblage with K- feldspar, phlogopite, and quartz. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 96, 212-224.
47. Mavrogenes, J.A. and Bodnar, R.J. (1994). Hydrogen movement into and out of fluid inclusions in quartz: Experimental evidence and geological implications. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 58, 141-148.
48. McCourt, S. and Armstrong, R. A. (1998) SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology of granites from the Central Zone. Limpopo Belt, southern Africa: Implications for the age of the Limpopo orogeny. South African Journal of Geology, 101, 329-338.
49. McCourt, S, and Vearncombe, J.R. (1987). Shear zones bounding the central zone of the Limpopo mobile belt, southern Africa. Journal of Structural Geology, 9, 127-137.
50. McCourt, S. and Vearncombe, J.R. (1992). Shear Zones of the Limpopo Belt and adjacent granitoid-greenstone terranes, implications for late Archaean collision tectonics in Southern Africa. Precambrian Research 55, 553-570.
51. Morimoto, N. (1988). Nomenclature of pyroxenes. American Mineralogist, 73, 1123-1133.
52. 5- quartz geobarometer. In: R.C. Newton (Editor). Thermodynamics of Minerals and Melts. Springer, New York, pp. 131-147.
53. Ohmoto, H. and Kerrick, D. (1977). Devolatization equilibria in graphitic systems. American Journal Science, 277, 1013-1044.
54. Pearson, N.J., O'Reilly, S.Y. and Griffin W.L. (1991). The granulite to eclogite trasition beaneath the eastern margin of the Australian craton. European Journal of Mineralogy, 3, 293-322.
55. Perchuk, L.L., Gerya, T.V., Van Reenen, D.D., Safonov, O.G., Smith, A.C.(1996) The Limpopo metamorphic belt, South Africa: Decompression and cooling regimes of granulites and adjacent rocks of the Kaapvaal Craton. Petrology, 4, 571-599.
56. Pezes, P. (1999). Tectonic and metamorphic evolution of the Central Himalayan Domain of southeast Zanskar (Kashmir, India). PhD-thesis (unpublished) University of Lausanne, Switzerland, 251 pp.
57. Pienaar, J.C. (1985). Die geologie van die Alldays omgewing in Noord Transvaal. M. Sc. thesis (unpublished). Rand Afrikaans University, Johannesburg, South Africa, 158 pp.
58. Powell, R. (1978) Equilibration thermodynamics in petrology, an introduction. Harper Row, London, 284 pp.
59. Powell, R. and Holland, T.J.B. (1988). An internally consistent dataset with uncertainties and correlations, 3. Applications to geothermobarometry, worked examples and a computer program. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 6, 173-204.
60. Pretorius, S. J. (1986). Die geologie in die omgewing van Swartwater en die westlike deel van die distrik Messina in the sentrale sone van die Limpopogordel. MSC thesis (Unpublished), Rand Afrikaans University, Johannesburg, South Africa, 184 p.
61. Pretorius, S.J. (1992). Die litologie, Struktuur en metamorfose van die kompleks Beitbrug, wes van Messina en oos van Swartwater. Geolological Survey of South Africa Bulletin, 105, 40 p.
62. Pretorius, W. (1996). A geochemical and geophysical investigation of a suite of crustal and upper mantle nodules from Venetia Kimberlite pipes. Limpopo Belt, South Africa. MSc-thesis (unpublished), Rand Afrikaans University, Johannesburg, 275 pp.
63. Roedder, E. (1984). Fluid inclusions. Reviews in Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America, 12, 644 pp.
64. Roering, C., Van Reenen, D.D. Smith, C.A., Barton Jr., J.M. De Beer J.H., De Wit, M.J., Stettler, E.H., Van Schalkwyk, J.F., Stevens, G. and Pretorius, S. (1992). Techtonic model for the evolution of the Limpopo Belt. Precambrian Research, 55, 539-552.
65. Rollinson, H.R. (1993). A terrane interpretation of the Archaean Limpopo Belt. Geological Magazine, 130, 755-765.
66. Rollinson, H.R. and Blenkinsop, T. (1995). The magmatic, metamorphic and tectonic evolution of the Northern Marginal Zone of the Limpopo Belt in Zimbabwe. Journal of the Geological Society of London, 152, 66-75.
67. SACS (South African Committee for Stratigraphie) (1980). Stratigraphie of South Africa, Part I Handbook of the Geological Survey of South Africa. 8, 690 pp.
68. Schaller, M., Steiner, O., Studer, I., Holzer, L., Herwegh, M. and Kramers, J. D. (1999). Exhumation of Limpopo Cnetral Zone granulites and dextral continent-scale trancurrent movement at 2.0 Ga along the Palala shear zone. Northern Province. South Africa. Precambrian Research. 96, 263-288.
69. Schmidt, A. (1997). Rekonstruktion des P-T Pfades von Kalksikalen und Metapeliten der Central Zone des Limpopo belts Südafrika. Diplom-thesis (unpublished), University of Bremen, Germany, 108 pp.
70. Spear, F.S. (1988) Metamorphic fractional crsytallisation and internal metasomatism by diffusional homogenization of zoned garnets. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 99, 507-517.
71. Stevens, G. and Van Reenen, D. (1992) Constraints on the form of the P-T loop in the Southern Marginal Zone of the Limpopo Belt, South Africa. Precambrian Research, 55, 279-296.
72. 2 fluid inclusions modelling for T<31°C and P<400 bars. European Journal of Mineralogy, 6, 753-771.
73. Touret, J.L.R. and Huizenga, J.M. (1999). Precambrian intraplate magmatism: high temperature, low pressure crustal granulites. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 28, 367-382.
74. Tracy, R.J (1982). Compositional zoning and inclusions in metamorphic minerals. Reviews in Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America, 10, 355-397.
75. Tsunogae, T., Miyano, T. and Ridley J. (1992). Metamorphic P-T profiles from the Zimbabwe Craton to the Limpopo Belt, Zimbabwe. Precambrian Research, 55, 259-277.
76. Ulrich, M.R. and Bodnar, R.J. (1988). Systematics of stretching of fluid inclusions. II Barite at one atmosphere confining pressure. Economic Geology, 83, 1037-1046.
77. Van den Berg, R. and Huizenga, J.M. (2001). Fluids in granulites of the Southern Marginal Zone of the Limpopo belt. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 141, 529-545.
78. Van Reenen, D.D., Barton, Jr., Roering, C., Smith, C.A. and Van Schalkwyk, J.F. (1987). Deep crustal response to continental collision: The Limpopo belt of southern Africa. Geology, 15, 11-14.
79. Van Reenen, D.D., Roering, C., Smit, C.A. and Barton, J.M. Jr. (1990) The glanulite facies rocks of the Limpopo Belt, South Africa. In: Vielzeuf, D. and Vidal, P (Editors). Granulites and crustal evolution, NATO-ASI Series C211, Luwer, Dordrecht, 257-289.
80. Vry, J.K. and Brown, P.E. (1991). Texturally- early fluid inclusions in garnets: evidence of the prograde metamorphic path? Contributions to Mineralogy Petrology, 108, 271-282.
81. Watkeys, M. K. (1984). The Precambrian geology of the Limpopo Belt north and west of Messina. PhD thesis (unpublished), Unversity of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, 49 p.
82. Watkeys, M.K., Light, M.P.R. and Broderick, T.J. (1983). A retrospective view of the Central Zone of the Limpopo belt, Zimbabwe. In: W.J. Van Biljon, J.H. Legg (Editors), The Limpopo Belt. Special Publication of the Geological Society of South Africa, 8, 65-80.
83. Windley, B.F., Ackermand, D. and Herd, R.K. (1984). Sapphirine/kornerupine-bearing rocks and crustal uplift history of the Limpopo belt, Southern Africa. Contributions to Minerology and Petrology, 86, 342-358.
84. 2O using synthetic fluid inclusions. Chemical Geology, 64, 335-350.
85. Ziegenbein, D. and Johannes, W. (1980). Graphite in C-O-H fluids: an unsuitable compound to buffer fluid composition at temperatures up to 700°C. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie Monatshefte, 7, 289-305.