Cigarette smoking in relation to depression: Historical trends from the Stirling County Study

American Journal of Psychiatry

Volumn 160, Issue 9, 2003, Pages 1663-1669

  Murphy, Jane M ^a   Horton, Nicholas J ^b   Monson, Richard R ^b   Laird, Nan M ^b   Sobol, Arthur M ^b   Leighton, Alexander H ^b  

^a MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

NICOTINE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; AWARENESS; CIGARETTE SMOKING; COHORT ANALYSIS; DATA ANALYSIS; DEPRESSION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; HISTORY; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; INTERVIEW; LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; POPULATION; PREDICTION; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK; SAMPLE; SELF MEDICATION; SMOKING CESSATION; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; STATISTICAL MODEL; SURVIVAL; TOBACCO; CANADA; COMORBIDITY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; FEMALE; HIGH RISK BEHAVIOR; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; PSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL; SMOKING; SOCIAL CHANGE;

ADULT; CANADA; COHORT STUDIES; COMORBIDITY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; FEMALE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; LOGISTIC MODELS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MODELS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; PREVALENCE; RISK-TAKING; SMOKING; SOCIAL CHANGE; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 0642313105     PISSN: 0002953X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.160.9.1663     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Walsh DC, Sorenson G, Leonard L: Gender, health and cigarette smoking, in Society and Health. Edited by Amick BC, Levine S, Tarlov A. New York, Oxford University Press, 1995, pp 131-171
2. United States Department of Health, Education and Welfare: Surgeon General's Report on Smoking and Health. Washington, DC, US Public Health Service, 1964
3. World Health Organization: Smoking and Its Effects on Health: Technical Report Series Number 568. Geneva, WHO, 1975
4. Escobedo LG, Anda RF, Smith PF, Remington PL, Mast EE: Sociodemographic characteristics of cigarette smoking initiation in the United States: implications for smoking prevention policy. JAMA 1990; 264:1550-1555
5. Ferrence RG: Sex differences in cigarette smoking in Canada, 1900-1978: a reconstructed cohort study. Can J Public Health 1988;79:160-165
6. Hughes JR, Hatsukami DK, Mitchell JE, Dahlgren LA: Prevalence of smoking among psychiatric outpatients. Am J Psychiatry 1986; 143:993-997
7. Frerichs RR, Aneshensel CS, Clark VA, Yokopenic P: Smoking and depression: a community survey. Am J Public Health 1981; 71:637-640
8. Anda RF, Williamson DF, Escobedo L, Mast EE, Giovino GA, Remington PL: Depression and the dynamics of smoking: a national perspective. JAMA 1990; 264:1541-1545
9. Breslau N, Peterson EL, Schultz LR, Chilcoat HD, Andreski P: Major depression and stages of smoking: a longitudinal investigation. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1998; 55:161-166
10. Patten CA, Gillin C, Golshan S, Wolter TD, Rapaport M, Kelsoe J: Relationship of mood disturbance to cigarette smoking status among 252 patients with a current mood disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2001; 62:319-324
11. Glassman AH, Heizer JE, Covey LS, Cottler LB, Stetner F, Tipp JE, Johnson J: Smoking, smoking cessation, and major depression. JAMA 1990; 264:1546-1549
12. Khantzian EJ: The self-medication hypothesis of substance use disorders: a reconsideration and recent applications. Harv Rev Psychiatry 1997; 4:231-244
13. Kendler KS, Neale MC, Maclean CJ, Heath AC, Eaves LJ, Kessler RC: Smoking and major depression: a causal analysis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993; 50:36-43
14. Dierker LC, Avenevoli S, Stolar M, Merikangas KR: Smoking and depression: an examination of mechanisms of comorbidity. Am J Psychiatry 2002; 159:947-953
15. Hanna EZ, Yi HY, Dufour MC, Whitmore CC: The relationship of early-onset regular smoking to alcohol use, depression, illicit drug use, and other risky behaviors during early adolescence: results from the Youth Supplement to the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Subst Abuse 2001; 13:265-282
16. Allgower AN, Wardle J, Steptoe A: Depressive symptoms, social support, and personal health behaviors in young men and women. Health Psychol 2001; 20:223-227
17. Breslau N, Johnson EO, Hiripi E, Kessler R: Nicotine dependence in the United States: prevalence, trends, and smoking persistence. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001; 58:810-816
18. Leighton AH: My Name Is Legion: The Stirling County Study of Psychiatric Disorder and Sociocultural Environment, vol 1. New York, Basic Books, 1959
19. Murphy JM: The Stirling County Study: then and now. Int Rev Psychiatry 1994; 6(special issue):329-348
20. Murphy JM, Sobol AM, Neff RK, Olivier DC, Leighton AH: Stability of prevalence: depression and anxiety disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984; 41:990-997
21. Murphy JM, Monson RR, Laird NM, Sobol AM, Leighton AH: A forty-year perspective on the prevalence of depression from the Stirling County Study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2000; 57:209-215
22. Murphy JM, Olivier DC, Monson RR, Sobol AM, Federman EB, Leighton AH: Depression and anxiety in relation to social status: a prospective epidemiologic study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991; 48:223-229
23. Robins LN, Helzer JE, Croughan J, Ratcliff KS: The National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule: its history, characteristics, and validity. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981; 38:381-389
24. Regier DA, Boyd JH, Burke JD Jr, Rae DS, Myers JK, Kramer M, Robins LN, George LK, Karno M, Locke BZ: One-month prevalence of mental disorders in the United States: based on five Epidemiologic Catchment Area sites. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988; 45:977-986
25. Weissman MM, Bruce ML, Leaf PJ, Florio LP, Holzer C: Affective disorders, in Psychiatric Disorders in America: The Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study. Edited by Robins LN, Regier DA. New York, Free Press, 1991, pp 53-80
26. Bland RC, Newman SC, Orn H (eds): Epidemiology of Psychiatric Disorders in Edmonton. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl 1988; 338
27. Murphy JM, Neff RK, Sobol AM, Rice JX, Olivier DC: Computer diagnosis of depression and anxiety: the Stirling County Study. Psychol Med 1985; 15:99-112
28. Murphy JM, Monson RR, Laird NM, Sobol AM, Leighton AH: Identifying depression and anxiety in a forty-year epidemiologic investigation: the Stirling County Study. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 1998; 7:89-109
29. Murphy JM, Laird NM, Monson RR, Sobol AM, Leighton AH: Incidence of depression in the Stirling County Study: historical and comparative perspectives. Psychol Med 2000; 30:505-514
30. Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S: Applied Logistic Regression, 2nd ed. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 2000
31. Anderson A, Auguier A, Hauck WW, Oakes D, Vandaele W, Weisberg HI: Statistical Methods for Comparative Studies. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1980
32. Laird NM, Olivier DC: Covariance analysis of censored survival data using log linear analysis techniques. J Am Stat Assoc 1981; 76:231-240
33. Robins LN: Detecting individual factors in substance abuse problems, in The Nature of Alcohol and Drug Related Problems. Edited by Lader M, Edwards G, Drummond DC. New York, Oxford University Press, 1992, pp 133-150
34. Weiss RD, Mirin SM, Griffin ML, Michael JL: Psychopathology in cocaine abusers: changing trends. J Nerv Ment Dis 1988; 176:719-725
35. Robins LN: The natural history of substance use as a guide to setting drug policy (editorial). Am J Public Health 1995; 85:12-13
36. Klerman GL, Weissman MM: Increasing rates of depression. JAMA 1989; 261:2229-2235
37. Kessler RC, McGonagle KA, Nelson CB, Hughes M, Swartz M, Blazer DG: Sex and depression in the National Comorbidity Survey II: cohort effects. J Affect Disord 1994; 30:15-26
38. Murphy JM, Olivier DC, Sobol AM, Monson RR, Leighton AH: Diagnosis and outcome: depression and anxiety in a general population. Psychol Med 1986; 16:117-126
39. Murphy JM, Monson RR, Olivier DC, Sobol AM, Leighton AH: Affective disorders and mortality: a general population study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1987; 44:473-480
40. Chen K, Kandel DB: The natural history of drug use from adolescence to the mid-thirties in a general population sample. Am J Public Health 1995; 85:41-47