The sensitivity of the present-day Atlantic meridional overturning circulation to freshwater forcing

Geophysical Research Letters

Volumn 30, Issue 17, 2003, Pages

  Ottera O H ^a,b   Drange, H ^a,b,c   Bentsen, M ^a,b   Kvamsto N G ^b,c   Jiang, D ^d  

^a NANSEN ENVIRONMENTAL AND REMOTE SENSING CENTER   (Norway)

^b BJERKNES CENTRE FOR CLIMATE RESEARCH   (Norway)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

^d INSTITUTE OF ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC MOVEMENTS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; GLOBAL WARMING;

BERGEN CLIMATE MODEL (BCM); FRESHWATER FORCING;

GLACIAL GEOLOGY;

ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN COUPLING; FRESHWATER INPUT; MERIDIONAL CIRCULATION; OVERTURN; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION;

ATLANTIC OCEAN;

EID: 0348107329     PISSN: 00948276     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2003GL017578     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Aagaard, K., and E. C. Carmack, The role of sea ice and other fresh water in the Arctic Circulation, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 14,485-14,498, 1989.
2. Alley, R. B., Paleoclimatology: Icing the North Atlantic, Nature, 392, 335-337, 1998.
3. Bleck, R., C. Rooth, D. Hu, and L. T. Smith, Salinity-driven Thermocline Transients in a Wind- and Thermohaline-forced Isopycnic Coordinate Model of the North Atlantic, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22, 1486-1505, 1992.
4. Déqué, M., C. Dreveton, A. Braun, and D. Cariolle, The ARPEGE/IFS atmosphere model: A contribution to the French community climate modelling, Clim. Dyn., 10, 249-266, 1994.
5. Furevik, T., M. Bentsen, H. Drange, I. K. T. Kindem, N. G. Kvamsto, and A. Sorteberg, Description and validation of the Bergen Climate Model: ARPEGE coupled with MICOM, Clim. Dyn., 21, 27-51, doi: 10.1007/ 300382-003-0317-5, 2003.
6. Gargett, A. E., Vertical eddy diffusivity in the ocean interior, J. Marine Res., 42, 359-393, 1984.
7. Hall, M. M., and H. L. Bryden, Direct estimates and mechanisms of ocean heat transport, Deep Sea Res., 29, 339-359, 1982.
8. Hansen, B., and S. Østerhus, North Atlantic - Nordic Seas exchanges, Prog. Oceanogr., 45, 109-208, 2000.
9. Ingvaldsen, R., H. Loeng, and L. Asplin, Variability in the Atlantic inflow to the Barents Sea based on a one-year time series from moored current meters, Cont. Shelf Res., 22, 505-519, 2002.
10. Lambert, S. J., and G. J. Boer, CMIPI evaluation and intercomparison of coupled climate models, Clim. Dyn., 17, 83 - 106, 2001.
11. Manabe, S., and R. J. Stouffer, Coupled ocean-atmosphere model response to freshwater input: Comparison to Younger Dryas event, Paleoceanography, 12, 321-336, 1997.
12. Mauritzen, C., Production of dense overflow waters feeding the North Atlantic across the Greenland-Scotland Ridge, Part I: Evidence for a revised circulation scheme, Deep Sea Res., 43, 769-806, 1996.
13. Nilsen, J. E. Ø., Y. Gao, H. Drange, T. Furevik, and M. Bentsen, Simulated North Atlantic-Nordic Seas water mass exchanges in an isopycnic coordinate OGCM, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, doi:10.1029/2002GL016597, 2003.
14. Nilsson, J., and G. Walin, Freshwater forcing as a booster of thermohaline circulation, Tellus, 53(5), 629-641, 2001.
15. Nilsson, J., G. Broström, and G. Walin, The thermohaline circulation and vertical mixing: Does, weaker density stratification give stronger over-turning?, J. Phys. Oceanogr, in press, 2003.
16. 2-induced climate change in the Arctic area in the CMIP2 experiments, SWECLIM Newsletter, 11, 23-28, 2001.
17. Rühlemann, C., S. Mulitza, P. J. Müller, G. Wefer, and R. Zahn, Warming of the tropical Atlantic Ocean and slowdown of thermohaline circulation during the last deglaciation, Nature, 402, 511 - 514, 1999.
18. Schauer, U., H. Loeng, B. Rudels, V. K. Ozhigin, and W. Dieck, Atlantic Water flow through the Barents and Kara Seas, Deep Sea Res., 49, 2281-2298, 2002.
19. Simonsen, K., Heatbudgets and freshwater forcing of the Nordic Seas and the Arctic Ocean, Ph.D. thesis, Nansen Env. and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen, Norway, 1996.