Regulatory change and telecommunications governance: A Neo-Gramscian analysis

Convergence

Volumn 8, Issue 2, 2002, Pages 30-51

  Simpson, Seamus ^a   Wilkinson, Rorden ^b  

^a MANCHESTER METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0348095530     PISSN: 13548565     EISSN: 17487382     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/135485650200800203     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Claire Cutler, 'Public Meets Private: The International Unification and Harmonisation of Private International Trade Law', Global Society, 13 no. 1 (1999).
2. See Robert W. Cox, Production, Power and World Order (New York: Columbia University Press, 1987);
3. Robert W. Cox, Approaches to World Order (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996);
4. Craig N. Murphy, International Organization and Industrial Change: Global Governance since 1850 (Cambridge: Polity, 1994);
5. Stephen Gill (ed.), Gramsci, Historical Materialism and International Relations (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993);
6. Henk Overbeek, Global Capitalism and National Decline: The Thatcher Decade in Perspective (London: Unwin and Hyman, 1990);
7. William Robinson, Promoting Polyarchy: Globalization, US Intervention and Hegemony (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996);
8. Mark Rupert, Producing Hegemony: The Politics of Mass Production and American Global Power (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995);
9. and Kelley Lee, Global Telecommunications Regulation: A Political Economy Perspective (London: Pinter, 1996).
10. Rupert, Producing Hegemony, p. 16.
11. Stephen Gill, 'Gramsci and Global Politics: Towards A Post-Hegemonic Research Agenda', in Gramsci, Historical Materialism and International Relations, ed. Gill esp. pp. 1-3.
12. Antonio Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks of Antonio Gramsci (edited and translated by Quintin Hoare and Geoffrey Nowell-Smith), (London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1971), p. 263. Hereafter Prison Notebooks.
13. Robert W. Cox, 'Gramsci, Hegemony and International Relations: An Essay in Method', in Gramsci, Historical Materialism and International Relations, ed. Gill, p. 52.
14. Gramsci, Prison Notebooks, p. 12.
15. Michael Kenny and Randall Germain, 'International Relations Theory and the New Gramscians', Review of International Studies, 24 no. 1 (January 1998), pp. 15-16.
16. Murphy, International Organization and Industrial Change.
17. Vincent Cable and Catherine Distle, Global Superhighways - the Future of International Telecommunications Policy (London: Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1995), p. 5.
18. See Jill Hills, Deregulating Telecoms: Competition and control in the United Sates, Japan and Britain (London: Pinter, 1996);
19. Eli Noam, Telecommunications in Europe (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992);
20. Charles Steinfield, Johannes Bauer and Laurent Caby (eds.), Telecommunications in Transition - Public Policies and Technologies in the European Community (London, Sage, 1994).
21. John Braithwaite and Peter Drahos, Global Business Regulation (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), p. 325.
22. See Overbeek, Global Capitalism and National Decline.
23. Cable and Distle, Global Superhighways, p. 12.
24. European Commission, Communication from the Commission to the Council on Telecommunications: Progress Report on Thinking and Work Done in the Field and Initial Proposals for an Action Programme, Luxembourg: Com(84)277, 3, (1984).
25. European Council of Ministers, Council Recommendation of 22nd December 1986 on the Co-ordinated Introduction of the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) in the Community, Luxembourg: OJ L382/36, 86/659/EEC (31 December 1986).
26. European Commission, Green Paper on the Development of the Common Market for Telecommunications Services and Equipment, Luxembourg: Com(87)290 (1987).
27. Susan Schmidt, 'Commission Activism: Subsuming Telecommunications and Electricity Under European Competition Law', Journal of European Public Policy, 5 no. 1 (March 1998), p. 173. The Commission legitimised its action on the basis of Article 90(3) of the Treaty of Rome which instructs it to take rectificafory action to get rid of abuses of dominant position by public undertakings in markets where it is found to exist. In the Commission's view, telecommunications terminal equipment and VANS were examples of this.
28. See Peter Humphreys and Seamus Simpson, 'European Telecommunications and Globalisation', in Globalisation and Public Policy, ed. Philip Gummett (Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 1996);
29. Josef Esser and Ronald Noppe, 'Private Muddling Through as a Political Programme? The Role of the European Commission in the Telecommunications Sector in the 1980s', West European Politics, 19 no. 3 (July 1996);
30. and David Levy, 'Regulating Digital Broadcasting in Europe: The Limits of Policy Convergence', West European Politics, 20 no. 4 (October 1997), pp. 24-42.
31. Mark Thatcher, 'The Commission and National governments as Partners: EC Regulatory Expansion in Telecommunications 1979-2000', Journal of European Public Policy, 8, no. 4 (August 2001), p. 572.
32. Bangemann Report, 'Europe and the Global Information Society' (Brussels: European Commission, 1994).
33. European Commission (2000) eEurope - an Information Society for us all. Communication on a Commission initiative for the special European Council of Lisbon, 23-24th March 2000, Brussels: Com(99)687.
34. European Commission, Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on a Common Regulatory Framework for Electronic Communications Networks and Services, Brussels: Com(2000)393 (12 July 2000).
35. Ian Bartle, 'A Future Pan-European Regulator for Telecommunications? Agenda-Setting in a System of Multi-Level Governance'. Paper presented to the European Consortium for Political Research (ECPR) Joint Sessions Workshop, 'Regulating Communications in the Multimedia Age', Mannheim, Germany, 26-31 March 1999.
36. Robin Mansell, Kevin Morgan and Peter Holmes, 'European Integration and Telecommunications: Restructuring Markets and Institutions', European Association for Evolutionary Political Economy Annual Conference, 20-22 September 1989, Keswick, UK.
37. Financial Times, 29 January 1991.
38. For example, in 2000 the average price of international calls decreased by 15.1% in Europe and the price of leased lines for the carriage of national and international traffic fell by 30% between 1997-2000. European Commission, GATS 2000: Telecommunications Proposal from the EC and their Member States, December 2000. Available at: http://www.europa.eu.int/comm/trade/services/ nspw03.htm (consulted July 2001).
39. Alan Cane, 'ITU Must Sort Out Accounting Rates', Financial Times Telecommunications Survey, 17 March 1998.
40. Pascal Lamy, 'For the EU, Services are Essential', speech delivered at the European Services Forum International Conference, 27 November 2000. Available at http://www.europa.eu.int/comm/trade/speeches_articles/spla40_en.htm (consulted July 2001).
41. Pascal Lamy, 'US-EU: The Biggest Trading Elephants in the Jungle - But Will They Behave?', Speech delivered at the Economic Strategy Institute, Washington D.C., USA, 7 June 2001. Available at http://www.europa.eu.int/comm/ trade/speeches_articles/spla59_en.htm (consulted July 2001).
42. Rorden Wilkinson, 'Footloose and Fancy Free? The Multilateral Agreement on Investment', Environmental Politics, 8, no. 4 (Winter 1999), p. 181;
43. Rorden Wilkinson, Multilateralism and the World Trade Organisation (London: Routiedge, 2000), pp. 43-51.
44. See Chantal Blouin, 'The WTO Agreement on Basic Telecommunications: a Re-evalution', Telecommunications Policy, 24, no. 2 (March 2000).
45. See Rorden Wilkinson, 'The World Trade Organisation', New Political Economy, 7, no. 1 (March 2002), pp. 129-141.
46. See Dan Schiller, Digital Capitalism: Networking the Global Market System (London: MIT Press, 1999).