Covariability of components of poleward atmospheric energy transports on seasonal and interannual timescales

Journal of Climate

Volumn 16, Issue 22, 2003, Pages 3691-3705

  Trenberth, Kevin E ^a   Stepaniak, David P ^a  

^a NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EARTH ATMOSPHERE; KINETIC ENERGY; TROPICS; WAVES;

ATMOSPHERIC ENERGY;

CLIMATOLOGY;

ANNUAL VARIATION; ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; ENERGY FLUX; HADLEY CELL; KINETIC ENERGY; SEASONAL VARIATION; WALKER CIRCULATION;

EID: 0347854369     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<3691:COCOPA>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Branstator, G. W., 1995: Organization of storm track anomalies by recurring low-frequency circulation anomalies. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 207-226.
2. Branstator, G. W., and S. E. Haupt, 1998: An empirical model of baratropic atmospheric dynamics and its response to tropical forcing. J. Climate, 11, 2645-2667.
3. Chang, E. K. M., S. Lee, and K. L. Swanson, 2002: Storm track dynamics. J. Climate, 15, 2163-2183.
4. Held, I. M., M. Ting, and H. Wang, 2002: Northern winter stationary waves: Theory and modeling, J. Climate, 15, 2125-2144.
5. Kalnay, E., and Coauthors, 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-year Reanalysis Project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 437-471.
6. Lorenz, E. N., 1967: The Nature and Theory of the General Circulation of the Atmosphere. World Meteorological Organization, 161 pp.
7. Newell, R. E., J. W. Kidson, D. G. Vincent, and G. J. Boer, 1972: The General Circulation of the Tropical Atmosphere and Interactions with Extratropical Latitudes. Vol. 1, The MIT Press, 258 pp.
8. Newell, R. E., J. W. Kidson, D. G. Vincent, and G. J. Boer, 1974: The General Circulation of the Tropical Atmosphere and Interactions with Extratropical Latitudes, Vol. 2, The MIT Press, 370 pp.
9. Peixoto, J. P., and A. H. Oort, 1992: Physics of Climate. American Institute of Physics, 520 pp.
10. Pierrehumbert, R. T., 2002: The hydrologic cycle in deep-time climate problems. Nature, 419, 191-198.
11. Seager, R., D. S. Battisti, J. Yin, N. Naik, N. Gordon, A. C. Clement, and M. Cane, 2002: Is the Gulf Stream responsible for Europe's mild winters? Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 128, 2563-2586.
12. Stone, P. H., 1978: Constraints on dynamical transports of energy on a spherical planet. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans. 2, 123-139.
13. Stone, P. H., and D. A. Miller, 1980: Empirical relations between seasonal changes in meridional temperature gradients and meridional fluxes of heat. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 1708-1721.
14. Swanson, K. L., 2002: Dynamical aspects of extratropical tropospheric low-frequency variability. J. Climate, 15, 2145-2162.
15. Trenberth, K. E., 1991: Storm tracks in the Southern Hemisphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 2159-2178.
16. Trenberth, K. E., 1997: Using atmospheric budgets as a constraint on surface fluxes. J. Climate, 10, 2796-2809.
17. Trenberth, K. E., and J. G. Olson, 1988: An evaluation and intercomparison of global analyses from NMC and ECMWF. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 69, 1047-1057.
18. Trenberth, K. E., and J. W. Hurrell, 1994: Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in the Pacific. Climate Dyn., 9, 303-319.
19. Trenberth, K. E., and A. Solomon, 1994: The global heat balance: Heat transports in the atmosphere and ocean. Climate Dyn., 10, 107-134.
20. Trenberth, K. E., and J. M. Caron, 2001: Estimates of meridional atmosphere and ocean heat transports. J. Climate, 14, 3433-3443.
21. Trenberth, K. E., and D. P. Stepaniak, 2003: Seamless poleward atmospheric energy transports and implications for the Hadley circulation. J. Climate, 16, 3706-3722.
22. Trenberth, K. E., G. W. Branstator, D. Karoly, A. Kumar, N.-C. Lau, and C. Ropelewski, 1998: Progress during TOGA in understanding and modeling global teleconnections associated with tropical sea surface temperatures. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 14 291-14 324.
23. Trenberth, K. E., D. P. Stepaniak, and J. M. Caron, 2000: The global monsoon as seen through the divergent atmospheric circulation. J. Climate, 13, 3969-3993.
24. Trenberth, K. E., J. M. Caron, and D. P. Stepaniak, 2001: The atmospheric energy budget and implications for surface fluxes and ocean heat transports. Climate Dyn., 17, 259-276.
25. Trenberth, K. E., D. P. Stepaniak, and J. M. Caron, 2002a: Accuracy of atmospheric energy budgets. J. Climate, 15, 3343-3360.
26. Trenberth, K. E., D. P. Stepaniak, and J. M. Caron, 2002b: Interannual variations in the atmospheric heat budget. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4066, doi:10.1029/2000D000297.
27. van Loon, H., 1979: The association between latitudinal temperature gradient and eddy transport. Part I: Transport of sensible heat in winter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 525-534.