Tidally driven mixing in a numerical model of the ocean general circulation

Ocean Modelling

Volumn 6, Issue 3-4, 2004, Pages 245-263

  Simmons, Harper L ^a,b   Jayne, Steven R ^c   St Laurent, Louis C ^d   Weaver, Andrew J ^e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS   (United States)

^b NOAA EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^c WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION   (United States)

^d FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BAROTROPIC TIDE; BOTTOM TOPOGRAPHY; INTERNAL TIDE; MIXING; MOMENTUM TRANSFER; OCEANIC GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; PARAMETERIZATION;

EID: 0347656947     PISSN: 14635003     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1463-5003(03)00011-8     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Alford M.H. Internal swell generation: The spatial distribution of energy flux from the wind to mixed layer near-inertial motions J. Phys. Oceanogr. 31 2001 2359-2368
2. Arbic B.K. Garner S.T. A parameterization for abyssal tidal dissipation based on non-radiating drag EOS Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 83 4 2002
3. Barton E.D. Hill A.E. Abyssal flow through the Amirante Trench (Western Indian Ocean) Deep-Sea Res. 36 1989 1121-1126
4. Bryan F. Parameter sensitivity of primitive equation ocean general circulation models J. Phys. Oceanogr. 17 1987 970-985
5. Bryan K. Lewis L. A water mass model of the world ocean J. Geophys. Res. 84 1979 2503-2517
6. Cummins P.F. Holloway G. Gargett A. Sensitivity of the GFDL ocean general circulation model to a parameterization of vertical diffusion J. Phys. Oceanogr. 20 1990 817-830
7. Döös K. Webb D.J. The Deacon cell and other meridional cells of the Southern Ocean J. Phys. Oceanogr. 24 1994 429-442
8. Egbert G.B. Ray R.D. Significant dissipation of tidal energy in the deep ocean inferred from satellite altimeter data Nature 405 2000 775-778
9. 2 tidal energy dissipation from TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter data J. Geophys. Res. 106 2001 22475-22502
10. Ferron B. Mercier H. Speer K. Gargett A. Polzin K. Mixing in the Romanche fracture zone J. Phys. Oceanogr. 28 1998 1929-1945
11. Ganachaud A. Wunsch C. Improved estimates of global ocean circulation, heat transport and mixing from hydrographic data Nature 408 2000 453-457
12. Gargett A.E. Vertical eddy diffusivity in the ocean interior J. Mar. Res. 46 1984 359-493
13. Garrett C. An isopycnal view of near-boundary mixing J. Phys. Oceanogr. 31 2001 138-142
14. Gent P.R. McWilliams J.C. Isopycnal mixing in ocean circulation models J. Phys. Oceanogr. 20 1990 150-155
15. Griffies S. Pacanowski R. Hallberg R. Spurious diapycnal mixing associated with advection in a z-coordinate ocean model Mon. Weather Rev. 128 2000 538-564
16. Griffies S.M. Gnanadesikan A. Pacanowski R. Larichev V. Dukowicz J. Smith R. Isoneutral diffusion in a z-coordinate ocean model J. Phys. Oceanogr. 28 1998 805-830
17. Hasumi H. Suginohara N. Effects of locally enhanced vertical diffusivity over rough bathymetry on the world ocean circulation J. Geophys. Res. 104 1999 23367-23374
18. Hellerman S. Rosenstein M. Normal monthly wind stress over the world ocean with error estimates J. Phys. Oceanogr. 13 1983 1093-1104
19. Heywood K.J. Naviera Garabato A.C. Stevens D.P. High mixing rates in the abyssal Southern Ocean Nature 415 2002 1011-1014
20. Hogg N. Biscaye B. Gradner E. Schmitz W.J. On the transport of Antarctic bottom water in the Vema Channel J. Mar. Res. 40 1982 231-262
21. Huang R.X. Mixing and energetics of the oceanic thermohaline circulation J. Phys. Oceanogr. 29 1999 727-746
22. Huang R.X. Xiangze J. Deep circulation in the South Atlantic induced by bottom-intensified mixing over the mid-ocean ridge J. Phys. Oceanogr. 32 2002 1150-1164
23. Jayne S.R. St. Laurent L.C. Parameterizing tidal disspiation over rough topography Geophys. Res. Lett. 28 2001 811-814
24. Killworth P.D. Smeed D.A. Nurser A.J.G. The effects on ocean models of relaxation toward observations at the surface J. Phys. Oceanogr. 30 2000 160-174
25. Kunze E. Toole J.M. Tidally driven vorticity, diurnal shear, and turbulence atop Fieberling Seamount J. Phys. Oceanogr. 27 1997 2663-2693
26. Kunze E. Rosenfeld L.K. Carter G.S. Gregg M.C. Internal waves in Monterey Submarine Canyon J. Phys. Oceanogr. 32 2002 1890-1913
27. Large W.G. McWilliams J.C. Doney S.C. Oceanic vertical mixing: A review and a model with a nonlocal boundary layer parameterization Rev. Geophys. 32 1994 363-403
28. Ledwell J.R. Watson A.J. Law C.S. Evidence for slow mixing across the pycnocline from an open-ocean tracer-release experiment Nature 364 1993 701-703
29. Ledwell J.R. Watson A.J. Law C.S. Mixing of a tracer released in the pycnocline J. Geophys. Res. 103 1998 21499-21529
30. Ledwell J.R. Montgomery E.T. Polzin K.L. Laurent L.C.S. Schmitt R.W. Toole J.M. Mixing over rough topography in the Brazil Basin Nature 403 2000 179-182
31. Levitus, S., Boyer, T.P., 1994. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 4, World Ocean Atlas 1994, Temperature, vol. 4. NOAA, US Dept. Commerce, 117 pp
32. Levitus S. Antonov J.I. Boyer T.P. Interannual variability of temperature at a depth of 125 meters in the North Atlantic Ocean Science 266 1994 96-99
33. Levitus, S., Burgett, R., Boyer, T.P., 1994b. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 3, World Ocean Atlas 1994, Salinity, vol. 3. NOAA, U.S. Dept. Commerce, 99 pp
34. Lien R.-C. Gregg M.C. Observations of turbulence in a tidal beam and across a coastal ridge J. Geophys. Res. 106 2001 4575-4591
35. Lueck R.G. Mudge T.D. Topographically induced mixing around a shallow seamount Science 276 1997 1831-1833
36. Marotzke J. Boundary mixing and the dynamics of three-dimensional thermohaline circulation J. Phys. Oceanogr. 27 1997 1713-1728
37. Marsh R. Nurser A.J. Megann A.P. New A.L. Water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean of a global isopycnal coordinate GCM J. Phys. Oceanogr. 30 2000 1013-1045
38. McDougall T.J. Thermobaricity, cabelling, and water mass conversion J. Geophys. Res. 92 1987 5448-5464
39. McDougall T.J. The influence of ocean mixing on the absolute velocity vector J. Phys. Oceanogr. 25 1995 705-725
40. Mercier H. Speer K. Transport of bottom water in the Romanche fracture zone and the chain fracture zone J. Phys. Oceanogr. 28 1998 779-790
41. Morris M. Hall M.H. Laurent L.C.S. Hogg N.G. Abyssal mixing in the Brazil Basin J. Phys. Oceanogr. 31 2001 3331-3348
42. Moum J.N. Caldwell D.R. Nash J.D. Gunderson G.D. Observations of boundary mixing over the continental slope J. Phys. Oceanogr. 32 2002 2113-2130
43. Munk W. Abyssal recipes Deep Sea Res. 13 1966 707-730
44. Munk W. Internal waves and small-scale processes Warren B.A. Wunsch C. Evolution of Physical Oceanography--Scientific Surveys in Honor of Henry Stommel 1981 264-291 MIT Press
45. Munk W.H. Wunsch C. Abyssal recipes II: Energetics of tidal and wind mixing Deep Sea Res. 45 1998 1977-2010
46. 2 internal tide in the Pacific Ocean J. Geophys. Res. 106 2001 22229-22441
47. Osborn T.R. Estimates of the local rate of vertical diffusion from dissipation measurements J. Phys. Oceanogr. 10 1980 83-89
48. Pacanowski, R., Griffies, S., 1999. MOM 3 Manual, GFDL Ocean Group Technical Report. NOAA, GFDL, Princeton, 658 pp
49. Pacanowski R.C. Philander S.G.H. Parameterization of vertical mixing in numerical models of tropical oceans J. Phys. Oceangr. 11 1981 1443-1451
50. Pedlosky J. Ocean Circulation Theory 1996 Springer
51. Pinkel R. Munk W. Worcester P., et-al. Ocean mixing studied near the Hawaiian Ridge EOS Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 81 2001 545
52. Polzin, K., 1999. A rough recipe for the energy balance of quasi-steady internal lee waves. In: Müller, P., Henderson, D. (Eds.), Dynamics of Oceanic Internal Gravity Waves II, Proceedings of the 'Aha Huliko'a Hawaiian Winter Workshop University of Hawaii at Manoa, January 1999. University of Hawaii, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology Special Publication, pp. 117-128
53. Polzin K.L. Toole J.M. Ledwell J.R. Schmitt R.W. Spatial variability of turbulent mixing in the abyssal ocean Science 276 1997 93-96
54. Roemmich D. Hautala S. Rudnick D. Northward abyssal transport through the Samoan passage and adjacent regions J. Geophys. Res. 101 1996 14039-14056
55. Saunders P.M. Flow though discovery gap J. Phys. Oceanogr. 17 1987 631-643
56. Sokolov A. Wang C. Holian G. Stone P. Prinn R. Uncertainty in the ocean heat and carbon uptake and its impact on climate projections Geophys. Res. Lett. 25 1998 3603-3606
57. Speer K. Rintoul S.R. Sloyan B. The diabatic Deacon cell J. Phys. Oceanogr. 30 2000 3212-3222
58. St. Laurent L.C. Garrett C. The role of internal tides in mixing the deep ocean J. Phys. Oceanogr. 32 2002 2882-2899
59. St. Laurent L.C. Toole J.M. Schmitt R.W. Bouyancy forcing by turbulence above rough topography in the abyssal Brazil Basin J. Phys. Oceanogr. 31 2001 3476-3495
60. St. Laurent L.C. Simmons H.L. Jayne S.R. Estimating tidally driven mixing in the deep ocean Geophys. Res. Lett. 29 2002 2106
61. Talley, L.D., Reid, J.L., Robbins, P.E. Data-based meridional overturning streamfunctions for the global ocean. J. Climate, submitted for publication
62. Thurnherr, A.M., Speer, K.G. Boundary mixing and topographic blocking on the mid-Atlantic ridge in the South Atlantic. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 33 (4), 848-862
63. Thurnherr A.M. Richards K.J. German C.R. Lane-Serff G.F. Speer K.G. Flow and mixing in the rift valley of the mid-Atlantic ridge J. Phys. Oceanogr. 32 2002 1763-1778
64. Trenberth K.E. Caron J.M. Estimates of meridional atmospheric and ocean heat transports J. Climate 14 2001 3343-3443
65. Watanabe M. Hibiya T. Global estimates of the wind-induced energy flux to inertial motions in the surface mixed layer Geophys. Res. Lett. 29 2002 1239
66. Weaver A., et-al. The UVic earth system climate model: Model description, climatology and application to past, present and future climates Atmos.-Ocean 39 2001 361-428
67. Weaver A.J. Sarachik E.S. On the importance of vertical resolution in certain ocean general circulation models J. Phys. Oceanogr. 20 1990 600-609
68. Webb D.J. Suginohara N. The interior circulation of the ocean Siedler G. Church J. Gould J. Ocean Circulation and Climate International Geophysics Series vol. 77 2001 205-214 Academic Press
69. Whitehead J.A. Worthington L.V. The flux and mixing rates of Antarctic bottom water within the North Atlantic J. Geophys. Res. 101 1982 7903-7924
70. Wunsch C. The work done by the wind on the ocean circulation J. Phys. Oceanogr. 28 1998 2332-2340
71. Zhang J. Schmitt R.W. Huang R.X. The relative influence of diapycnal mixing and hydrologic forcing on the stability of the thermohaline circulation J. Phys. Oceanogr. 29 1999 1096-1108