-
1
-
-
0347026489
-
-
note
-
sample represents the per mil deviation from this value.
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
0031391082
-
-
P. Cartigny, S. R. Boyd, J. W. Harris, M. Javoy, Terra Nova 9, 175 (1997).
-
(1997)
Terra Nova
, vol.9
, pp. 175
-
-
Cartigny, P.1
Boyd, S.R.2
Harris, J.W.3
Javoy, M.4
-
16
-
-
85008137793
-
-
E. Wada et al., Geochem. J. 9, 139 (1975).
-
(1975)
Geochem. J.
, vol.9
, pp. 139
-
-
Wada, E.1
-
23
-
-
0034450355
-
-
R. von Huene, C. R. Ranero, W. Weinrebe, K. Hinz, Tectonics 19, 314 (2000).
-
(2000)
Tectonics
, vol.19
, pp. 314
-
-
Von Huene, R.1
Ranero, C.R.2
Weinrebe, W.3
Hinz, K.4
-
28
-
-
2142803437
-
-
Materials and methods are available on Science Online.
-
Science Online
-
-
-
31
-
-
0346396424
-
-
note
-
15N values. A review of arc-related volcanic gases is provided by Giggenbach (45).
-
-
-
-
32
-
-
0027843032
-
-
D. R. Hilton, K. Hammerschmidt, S. Teufel, H. Friedrichsen, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 120, 265 (1993).
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(1993)
Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
, vol.120
, pp. 265
-
-
Hilton, D.R.1
Hammerschmidt, K.2
Teufel, S.3
Friedrichsen, H.4
-
34
-
-
0346396421
-
-
note
-
4He ratios at arcs worldwide.
-
-
-
-
35
-
-
0346396422
-
-
note
-
Bebout (47) notes that the N concentration in oceanic pelagic sediments can vary from 70 to 600 ppm; however, pelagic limestone (100% calcite) may contain essentially no N.
-
-
-
-
36
-
-
0347026475
-
-
2001GC000163
-
G. Snyder, R. Poreda, A. Hunt, U. Fehn, G-cubed 2, 2001GC000163 (2001).
-
(2001)
G-Cubed
, vol.2
-
-
Snyder, G.1
Poreda, R.2
Hunt, A.3
Fehn, U.4
-
38
-
-
0347026471
-
-
A. M. Shaw, D. R. Hilton, T. P. Fischer, M. M. Zimmer, G. Alvarado, Eos 82, 1303 (2001).
-
(2001)
Eos
, vol.82
, pp. 1303
-
-
Shaw, A.M.1
Hilton, D.R.2
Fischer, T.P.3
Zimmer, M.M.4
Alvarado, G.5
-
39
-
-
0346396415
-
-
note
-
13 g sediment subducted over the entire length (1100 km) of the Central America trench (48).
-
-
-
-
40
-
-
0347657238
-
-
note
-
Staudacher and Allègre (49) first used the term "barrier" in the context of processing noble gases at subduction zones.
-
-
-
-
41
-
-
0346396423
-
-
note
-
Plank and Langmuir (48) calculate an average global subducting sediment (GLOSS) composition. The error on trace elements contents is 10 to 50%.
-
-
-
-
42
-
-
0027796834
-
-
H. Shinohara, W. F. Giggenbach, K. Kazahaya, J. W. Hedenquist, Geochem. J. 27, 271 (1993).
-
(1993)
Geochem. J.
, vol.27
, pp. 271
-
-
Shinohara, H.1
Giggenbach, W.F.2
Kazahaya, K.3
Hedenquist, J.W.4
-
44
-
-
0031787649
-
-
T. P. Fischer, W. F. Giggenbach, Y. Sano, S. N. Williams, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 160, 81 (1998).
-
(1998)
Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
, vol.160
, pp. 81
-
-
Fischer, T.P.1
Giggenbach, W.F.2
Sano, Y.3
Williams, S.N.4
-
45
-
-
0001439363
-
-
R. Scarpa, R. Tilling, Eds. (Springer-Verlag, Berlin)
-
W. F. Giggenbach, in Monitoring and Mitigation of Volcano Hazards, R. Scarpa, R. Tilling, Eds. (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1996), pp. 221-256.
-
(1996)
Monitoring and Mitigation of Volcano Hazards
, pp. 221-256
-
-
Giggenbach, W.F.1
-
46
-
-
0038725324
-
-
D. Porcelli, C. J. Ballentine, R. Wieler, Eds. (Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC), chapter 9.
-
D. R. Hilton, T. P. Fischer, B. Marty, in Noble Gases in Cosmochemistry and Geochemistry, D. Porcelli, C. J. Ballentine, R. Wieler, Eds. (Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC, 2002), chapter 9.
-
(2002)
Noble Gases in Cosmochemistry and Geochemistry
-
-
Hilton, D.R.1
Fischer, T.P.2
Marty, B.3
-
51
-
-
0035101261
-
-
Y. Sano, N. Takahata, Y. Nishio, T. P. Fischer, S. N. Williams, Chem. Geol. 171, 263 (2001).
-
(2001)
Chem. Geol.
, vol.171
, pp. 263
-
-
Sano, Y.1
Takahata, N.2
Nishio, Y.3
Fischer, T.P.4
Williams, S.N.5
-
53
-
-
0345765371
-
-
in preparation
-
A. M. Shaw et al., in preparation.
-
-
-
Shaw, A.M.1
-
54
-
-
0346396414
-
-
note
-
40Ar production ratio of 2 (50).
-
-
-
-
55
-
-
0345765370
-
-
note
-
See (52) for details of the correction procedure. Measured ratios are reported in (53).
-
-
-
-
56
-
-
0347657237
-
-
note
-
mantle. Adopting end member compositions from (54) gives a K value of 70 (i.e., 10,500/150).
-
-
-
-
57
-
-
0346396405
-
-
note
-
Supported by NSF grants EAR-0079402 MARGINS and EAR-0003668 (T.P.F.), EAR-0003628 (D.R.H.), and EAR-0003664 (J.A.W.). G. Alvarado and E. Molina provided logistical support during field work, and we thank C. Ramirez, B. Cameron, E. Mickelson, W. Suiter, and J. Hlebica for field assistance. V. Atudorei helped with N isotope analyses. We thank two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments.
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