Absence of Mutations of the BRAF Gene and Constitutive Activation of Extracellular-Regulated Kinase in Malignant Melanomas of the Uvea

Laboratory Investigation

Volumn 83, Issue 12, 2003, Pages 1771-1776

  Weber, Anette ^a   Hengge, Ulrich R ^b   Urbanik, Doris ^a   Markwart, Annett ^a   Mirmohammadsaegh, Alireza ^b   Reichel, Martin B ^c   Wittekind, Christian ^a   Wiedemann, Peter ^a   Tannapfel, Andrea ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEIPZIG   (Germany)

^b HEINRICH HEINE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^c Unversity of Konstanz   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 1;

AMINO ACID SUBSTITUTION; ARTICLE; BRAF GENE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME ACTIVATION; GENE; GENE IDENTIFICATION; GENE MUTATION; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; LIVER METASTASIS; MELANOMA; MICRODISSECTION; MISSENSE MUTATION; ONCOGENE K RAS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; UVEA MELANOMA;

HUMANS; MELANOMA; MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 1; MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 3; MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES; MUTATION; UVEAL NEOPLASMS;

EID: 0347364749     PISSN: 00236837     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.LAB.0000101732.89463.29     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Aguirre-Ghiso JA, Estrada Y, Liu D, and Ossowski L (2003). ERK(MAPK) activity as a determinant of tumor growth and dormancy: Regulation by p38(SAPK). Cancer Res 63:1684-1695.
2. Brose MS, Volpe P, Feldman M, Kumar M, Rishi I, Gerrero R, Einhorn E, Herlyn M, Minna J, Nicholson A, Roth JA, Albelda SM, Davies H, Cox C, Brignell G, Stephens P, Futreal PA, Wooster R, Stratton MR, and Weber BL (2002). BRAF and RAS mutations in human lung cancer and melanoma. Cancer Res 62:6997-7000.
3. Chowers I, Folberg R, Livni N, and Pe'er J (2002). p53 Immunoreactivity, Ki-67 expression, and microcirculation patterns in melanoma of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. Curr Eye Res 24:105-108.
4. Cohen Y, Goldenberg-Cohen N, Parrella P, Chowers I, Merbs SL, Pe'er J, and Sidransky D (2003). Lack of BRAF mutation in primary uveal melanoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 44:2876-28768.
5. Cree IA (2000). Cell cycle and melanoma: Two different tumours from the same cell type. J Pathol 191:112-114.
6. Davies H, Bignell GR, Cox C, Stephens P, Edkins S, Clegg S, Teague J, Woffendin H, Garnett MJ, Bottomley W, Davis N, Dicks E, Ewing R, Floyd Y, Gray K, Hall S, Hawes R, Hughes J, Kosmidou V, Menzies A, Mould C, Parker A, Stevens C, Watt S, Hooper S, Wilson R, Jayatilake H, Gusterson BA, Cooper C, Shipley J, Hargrave D, Pritchard-Jones K, Maitland N, Chenevix-Trench G, Riggins GJ, Bigner DD, Palmieri G, Cossu A, Flanagan A, Nicholson A, Ho JW, Leung SY, Yuen ST, Weber BL, Seigler HF, Darrow TL, Paterson H, Marais R, Marshall CJ, Wooster R, Stratton MR, and Futreal PA (2002). Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer. Nature 417:949-954.
7. Desmond RA and Soong SJ (2003). Epidemiology of malignant melanoma. Surg Clin North Am 83:1-29.
8. Dhillon AS, Meikle S, Peyssonnaux C, Grindlay J, Kaiser C, Steen H, Shaw PE, Mischak H, Eychene A, and Kolch W (2003). A Raf-1 mutant that dissociates MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation from malignant transformation and differentiation but not proliferation. Mol Cell Biol 23:1983-1893.
9. Dong J, Phelps RG, Qiao R, Yao S, Benard O, Ronai Z, and Aaronson SA (2003). BRAF oncogenic mutations correlate with progression rather than initiation of human melanoma. Cancer Res 63:3883-3885.
10. Easty DJ and Bennett DC (2001). Protein tyrosine kinases in malignant melanoma. Melanoma Res 10:401-411.
11. Edmunds SC, Cree IA, Di Nicolantonio F, Hungerford JL, Hurren JS, and Kelsell DP (2003). Absence of BRAF gene mutations in uveal melanomas in contrast to cutaneous melanomas. Br J Cancer 88:1403-1405.
12. Hendrix MJ, Seftor EA, Seftor RE, Gardner LM, Boldt HC, Meyer M, Pe'er J, and Folberg R (1998). Biologic determinants of uveal melanoma metastatic phenotype: Role of intermediate filaments as predictive markers. Lab Invest 78:153-163.
13. Lang J, Boxer M, and MacKie R (2003). Absence of exon 15 BRAF germline mutations in familial melanoma. Hum Mutat 21:327-330.
14. Laud K, Kannengiesser C, Avril MF, Chompret A, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Desjardins L, Eychene A, Demenais F, Lenoir GM, and Bressac-De Paillerets B (2003). BRAF as a melanoma susceptibility candidate gene? Cancer Res 63:3061-3065.
15. McCartney AC (1995). Pathology of ocular melanomas. Br Med Bull 51:678-693.
16. Metzelaar-Blok JA, Jager MJ, Moghaddam PH, van der Slik AR, and Giphart MJ (2002). Frequent loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 6p in uveal melanoma. Hum Immunol 60:962-969.
17. Naoki K, Chen TH, Richards WG, Sugarbaker DJ, and Meyerson M (2002). Missense mutations of the BRAF gene in human lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 62:7001-7003.
18. Peyssonnaux C and Eychene A (2001). The Raf/MEK/ERK pathway: New concepts of activation. Biol Cell 93:53-62.
19. Pollock PM, Harper UL, Hansen KS, Yudt LM, Stark M, Robbins CM, Moses TY, Hostetter G, Wagner U, Kakareka J, Salem G, Pohida T, Heenan P, Duray P, Kallioniemi O, Hayward NK, Trent JM, and Meltzer PS (2003). High frequency of BRAF mutations in nevi. Nat Genet 33:19-20.
20. Rajagopalan H, Bardelli A, Lengauer C, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, and Velculescu VE (2002). Tumorigenesis: RAF/RAS oncogenes and mismatch-repair status. Nature 418:934.
21. Rul W, Zugasti O, Roux P, Peyssonnaux C, Eychene A, Franke TF, Lenormand P, Fort P, and Hibner U (2002). Activation of ERK, controlled by Rac1 and Cdc42 via Akt, is required for anoikis. Ann NY Acad Sci 973:145-148.
22. Satyamoorthy K, Li G, Gerrero MR, Brose MS, Volpe P, Weber BL, Van Belle P, Elder DE, and Herlyn M (2003). Constitutive mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in melanoma is mediated by both BRAF mutations and autocrine growth factor stimulation. Cancer Res 63:756-759.
23. Singh AD and Topham A (2003a). Incidence of uveal melanoma in the United States: 1973-1997. Ophthalmology 110:956-961.
24. Singh AD and Topham A (2003b). Survival rates with uveal melanoma in the United States: 1973-1997. Ophthalmology 110:962-965.
25. Tannapfel A, Sommerer F, Benicke M, Katalinic A, Uhlmann D, Witzigmann H, Hauss J, and Wittekind C (2003). Mutations of the BRAF gene in cholangiocarcinoma but not in hepatocellular carcinoma. Gut 52:706-712.
26. Weber A, Langhanki L, Sommerer F, Markwarth A, Wittekind C, and Tannapfel A (2003). Mutations of the BRAF gene in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Oncogene 22:4757-4759.
27. White VA, McNeil BK, and Horsman DE (1998). Acquired homozygosity (isodisomy) of chromosome 3 in uveal melanoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 102:40-45.
28. Yuen ST, Davies H, Chan TL, Ho JW, Bignell GR, Cox C, Stephens P, Edkins S, Tsui WW, Chan AS, Futreal PA, Stratton MR, Wooster R, and Leung SY (2002). Similarity of the phenotypic patterns associated with BRAF and KRAS mutations in colorectal neoplasia. Cancer Res 62:6451-6455.