Dating Methods for Sediments of Caves and Rockshelters

Geoarchaeology - An International Journal

Volumn 16, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 355-371

  Schwarcz, H P ^a   Rink, W J ^a  

^a MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; CAVE; DATING METHOD; DETRITUS; ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE; ENAMEL; LUMINESCENCE; NUMERICAL MODEL; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; URANIUM;

EID: 0347142198     PISSN: 08836353     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/gea.1008     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Aitken, M.J. (1985) Thermoluminescence dating. London: Academic Press
2. Aitken, M.J. (1998) . An introduction to optical dating: The dating of Quaternary sediments by the use of photon-stimulated luminescence. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3. Alperson, N., Barzilai, O., Dag, D., Hartman, G., & Matzkevich, Z. (2000). The age and context of the Tabun I skeleton: A reply to Schwarcz et al. Journal of Human Evolution, 38, 849-853.
4. Bard, E., Hamelin, B., Fairbanks, R.G., & Zindler, A. (1990). Calibration of the C14 timescale over the past 30,000 years using mass spectrometric U-Th ages from Barbados corals. Nature, 345, 405-410.
5. Bar-Matthews, M., Ayalon, A., Kaufman, A., & Wasserburg, G.J. (1999). The eastern Mediterranean paleoclimate as a reflection of regional events; Soreq Cave, Israel. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 166, 85-95.
6. Bartoll, J., Schwarcz, H.P., & Rink, W.J. (2001). ESR studies of E' centres in geological flint. Unpublished manuscript.
7. Bar-Yosef, O., and Kra, R. (Eds.) (1994). Late Quaternary chronology and paleoclimates. Tucson: Radiocarbon..
8. Bischoff, J.L., & Fitzpatrick, J.A. (1990). U-series dating of impure carbonates: An isochron technique using total sample dissolution. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 55, 543-554.
9. Bischoff, J., Ludwig, K., Garcia, J.F., Carbonell, E., Vaquera, M., Stafford, T.W., & Jull, A.J.T. (1994) Dating of the Basal Aurignacian Sandwich at Abric Romani (Catalunya, Spain) by radiocarbon and uranium-series. Journal of Archaeological Science, 21, 541-551.
10. Blackwell, B., & Schwarcz, H.P. (1995). Uranium series disequilibrium dating. In N. Rutter & N.R. Catto (Eds.), Dating methods for pleistocene deposits (pp. 167-208), Geotext 2. Geological Association of Canada.
11. Bordes, F. (1972). A tale of two caves. New York: Harper and Row.
12. Brennan, B.J., Schwarcz, H.P., & Rink, W.J. (1997). Simulation of the gamma radiation field in lumpy environments. Radiation Measurements, 27, 299-306.
13. Chen T. & Yuan S. (1988), Uranium series dating of bones and teeth from Chinese Paleolithic sites. Archaeometry, 30, 59-76.
14. Duller, G.A.T. (1997). Behavioural studies of stimulated luminescence from feldspars. Radiation Measurements, 27, 663-694.
15. Duller, G.A.T., Bøtter-Jensen, L., & Murray, A.S. (2000). Optical dating of single sand-sized grains of quartz: sources of variability, Radiation Measurements, 32, 453-457.
16. Farrand, W.R. (1979). Chronology and paleoenvironment of Levantine prehistoric sites as seen from sediment studies. Journal of Archaeological Science, 6, 369-392.
17. Feathers, J.K., & Bush, D.A. (2000). Luminescence dating of Middle Stone Age deposits at Die Kelders. Journal of Human Evolution, 38, 91-120.
18. Fullagar, R.L.K., Price, D.M., & Head, L.M. (1996). Early human occupation of northern Australia: archaeology and thermoluminescence dating of Jinmium rock-shelter, Northern Territory. Antiquity, 70, 751-773.
19. Garrod, D.A., & Bate, D.M.A. (1937). The Stone Age of Mount Carmel. I. Excavations at the Wadi El-Mughara. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
20. Grün, R., & Stringer, C. (2000). Tabun revisited: Revised ESR chronology and new ESR and U-series analyses of dental material from Tabun Cl. Journal of Human Evolution, 39, 601-612.
21. Grün, R., Schwarcz, H.P., & Zymela, S. (1987). ESR dating of tooth enamel. Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 24, 1022-1037.
22. Grün, R., Schwarcz, H.P., & Chadam, J. (1988). ESR dating of tooth enamel: Coupled correction for U-uptake and U-series disequilibrium. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurement, 14, 237-241.
23. Grün, R., Beaumont, P., & Stringer, C.B. (1990). New dating evidence for early modem humans at Border Cave. Nature, 344, 537-539.
24. Grün, R., Stringer, C.B., & Schwarcz, H.P. (1991). ESR dating of teeth from Garrod's Tabun Cave collection. Journal of Human Evolution, 20, 231-248.
25. Hare, P.E., von Endt, D.W., & Kokis, J.E. (1997). Protein and amino acid diagenesis dating. In R.E. Taylor & M.J. Aitken (Eds.), Chronometric dating in archaeology (pp. 261-296). New York: Plenum.
26. Hearty, P.J., Miller, G.H., Stearns, C.E., & Szabo, B.J. (1986). Aminostratigraphy of Quaternary shorelines in the Mediterranean Basin. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, 97, 850-858.
27. Hedges, R.E.M., & Millard, A.R. (1995) Bones and groundwater: towards the modelling of diagenetic processes. Journal of Archaeological Science, 22, 155-164.
28. Jacobsen, T.W., & Farrand, W.R. (1987). Franchthi Cave and Paralia: Maps, plans and sections. In T.W. Jacobsen (Ed.) Excavations at Franchthi Cave, Greece, Fascicle I. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
29. Kitagawa, H., & Van der Plicht, J. (1998). Atmospheric radiocarbon calibration to 45,000 yr B.P.: Late glacial fluctuations and cosmogenic isotope production. Science, 279, 1187-1190.
30. Kuijt, I., & Bar-Yosef, O. (1994). Radiocarbon chronology for the Levantine Neolithic: Observations and data. In O. Bar-Yosef & R. Kra (Eds.), Late Quaternary chronology and paleoclimates (pp. 227-246). Tucson: Radiocarbon.
31. Laurent, M., Falguères, C., Bahain, J.J., Rousseau, L., & van Vliet-Lanoë, B. (1998) ESR dating of quartz extracted from Quaternary and Neogene sediments: Methods, potential and actual limits. Quaternary Geochronology, 17, 1057-1062.
32. Li, W.-X., Lundberg, J., Dickin, A.P., Ford, D.C., and Schwarcz, H.P., and Williams, D. (1989). High-precision mass-spectrometric U-series dating of cave deposits wand implications for paleoclimate studies. Nature, 339, 534-536.
33. McDermott, F., Grün, R., Stringer, C.B., & Hawkesworth, C.J. (1993). Mass-spectrometric U-series dates for Israeli Neanderthal/early modern hominid sites. Nature, 363, 252-255.
34. Mercier, N., Valladas, H., Valladas, G., Reyss, J.-L, Jelinek, A., Meignen, L., & Joron, J.-L. (1995a). TL dates of burnt flints from Jelinek's excavations at Tabun and their implications. Journal of Archaeological Science, 22, 495-509.
35. Mercier, N., Valladas, H., Joron, J.-L, Schiegl, S., Bar-Yosef, O., & Weiner, S. (1995b). Thermoluminescence dating and the problem of geochemical evolution of sediments - a case study: The Mousterian of levels at Hayonim (1994). Israel Journal of Chemistry, 35, 137-141.
36. Millard, A.R., & Pike, A.G.W. (1999). Uranium-series dating of the Tabun Neanderthal: A cautionary note. Journal of Human Evolution, 36, 581-585.
37. Miller, G.H., Beaumont, P.B., Jull, A.J.T., & Johnson, B. (1992). Pleistocene geochronology and palaeothermometry from protein diagenesis in ostrich eggshells; implications for the evolution of modern humans. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 337, 149-157.
38. Rink, W.J. (1997). Electron spin resonance (ESR) dating and ESR applications in Quaternary science and archaeometry. Radiation Measurements, 27, 975-1025.
39. 14C dating: A practical user's guide. In P. Goldberg, R. Ferring, & V. Haynes (Eds.), Earth sciences and archaeology. New York: Plenum Press, in press.
40. Rink, W.J., Schwarcz, H.P., Grün, R., Yalçinkaya, I., Taskiran, H., Otte, M., Valladas, H., Mercier, N., Bar-Yosef, O., & Kozlowski, J. (1994). ESR Dating of the Last Interglacial Mousterian at Karaïn Cave, southern Turkey. Journal of Archaeological Science, 21, 839-849.
41. Rink, W.J., Rees-Jones, J., Volterra, V., & Schwarcz, H.P. (2000). ESR, OSL, and U-series chronology of Gorham's Cave, Gibraltar. In C.B. Stringer, R.N.E. Barton, & C. Finlayson (Eds.), Neanderthals on the edge: 150th anniversary conference of the Forbes' Quarry discovery, Gibraltar (pp. 165-170). Oxford: Oxbow Books.
42. Roberts, R.G. (1997). Luminescence dating in archaeology. Radiation Measurements, 27, 819-892.
43. Roberts, R.G., Bird, M., Olley, J., Galbraith, R., Lawson, E., Laslett, G., Yoshida, IL, Jones, R., Fullagar, R., Jacobsen, G., & Hua, Q. (1998). Optical and radiocarbon dating at Jinmium rockshelter in northern Australia. Nature, 393, 358-362.
44. Schiegel, S., Lev-Adun, S., Bar-Yosef, O., El-Goresy, A., & Weiner, S. (1994). Siliceous aggregates from prehistoric wood ash; a major component of sediments at Kebara and and Hayonim caves, Israel. Israel Journal of Earth Science, 43, 267-278.
45. 14C time scale to >40 ka by U-Th dating of Lake Lisan sediments (last glacial Dead Sea). Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 175, 27-40.
46. Schwarcz, H.P. (1997). Uranium series dating. In R.E. Taylor & M.J. Aitken (Eds.), Chronometric dating in archaeology (pp. 159-182). New York: Plenum.
47. Schwarcz, H.P., & Latham, A.G. (1989). Dirty Calcites, 1. Uranium series dating of contaminated calcites using leachates alone. Isotope Geoscience, 80, 35-43.
48. Schwarcz, H.P., & Rink, W.J. (1998). Progress in ESR and U-series chronology of the Levantine Paleolithic. In O. Bar-Yosef and T. Akazawa (Eds.), Neanderthals and modern humans in West Asia (pp. 57-67). New York: Plenum Press.
49. Schwarcz, H.P., & Rink, W.J. (2000). ESR dating of the Die Kelders archaeological site. Journal of Human Evolution, 38, 121-128.
50. Schwarcz, H.P., & Rink, W.J. (2001). Skinflint dating. Quaternary Geochronology, in press.
51. Schwarcz, H.P., Grün, R., Vandermeersch, B., Bar-Yosef, O., Valladas, H., & Tchernov, E. (1988). ESR dates for the hominid burial site of Qafzeh in Israel. Journal of Human Evolution, 17, 733-737.
52. Schwarcz, H.P., Buhay, W.M., Grün, R., Valladas, H., Tchernov, E., Bar-Yosef, O., & Vandermeersch, B. (1989). ESR dating of the Neanderthal site, Kebara Cave, Israel. Journal of Archaeological Science, 16, 653-661.
53. Schwarcz, H.P., Bietti, A., Buhay, W.M., Stiner, M., Grün, R., & Segre, E. (1991a). On the reexamination of Grotta Guattari: Uranium series and ESR dates. Current Anthropology, 32, 313-316.
54. Schwarcz, H.P., Buhay, W., Grün, R., Stiner, M., Kuhn, S., & Miller, G.H. (1991b). Absolute dating of sites in coastal Lazio. Quaternaria Nuova, 1, 51-67.
55. Schwarcz, H.P., Simpson, J., & Stringer, C. (1998). Neanderthal skeleton from Tabun: U-series dating by gamma ray spectrometry. Journal of Human Evolution, 35, 635-645.
56. Stafford, T., Hare, P.E., Currie, L., Jull, A.J.T., & Donahue, D.J. (1991). Accelerator radiocarbon dating at the molecular level. Journal of Archaeological Science, 18, 35-72.
57. Taylor, R.E. (1997). Radiocarbon dating. In R.E. Taylor & M.J. Aitken (Eds.), Chronometric dating in archaeology (pp. 165-196). New York: Plenum.
58. Taylor, R.E., & Aitken, M.J. (1997). Chronometric dating in archaeology. New York: Plenum.
59. Valladas, H. (1992). Thermoluminescence dating of flint. Quaternary Science Reviews, 11, 1-5.
60. Valladas, H., Joron, J.L., Valladas, G., Arensburg, B., Bar-Yosef, O., Belfer-Cohen, A., Goldberg, P., Laville, H., Meignen, L., Rak, Y., Tchernov, E., Tillier, A.M., & Vandermeersch, B. (1987). Thermoluminescence dates for the Neanderthal burial site at Kebara cave in Israel. Nature, 330, 159-160.
61. Valladas, H., Reyss, J.L., Valladas, G., Bar-Yosef, O., & Vandermeersch, B. (1988). Thermoluminescence dates of Mousterian "Proto-Cro-Magnon" remains from Israel and the origin of modern man. Nature, 331, 614-616.
62. Wehmiller, J.F., Belknap, D.F., Boutin, B.S., Mirecki, J.E., Rahaim, S.D., & York, L.L. (1988). A review of the aminostratigraphy of Quaternary mollusks from United States Atlantic coastal plain sites. In D.J. Easterbrook (Ed.), Dating Quaternary sediments (pp. 69-110), Special Paper 227. Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America.
63. Weiner, S., & Bar-Yosef, O. (1990). States of preservation of bones from prehistoric sites in the Near East: A survey. Journal of Archaeological Science, 17, 187-196.
64. Wintle, A.G., & Aitken, M.J. (1977). Thermoluminescence dating of burnt flint: application to a Lower Paleolithic site, Terra Amata. Archaeometry, 19, 111-130.
65. Yokoyama, Y., & Nguyen, H.-V. (1981). Datation direct de l'Homme de Tautavel par la spectrometrie gamma, non destructive, du crâne humain fossile Arago XXI. Comptes Rendus Séances Academie de Science, Paris, Series 3, 392, 741-744.
66. Yokoyama, Y., Falgueres, C., & Lumley, M.A. (1997). Datation directe d'un crane proto-cro-magnon de Qafzeh par la spectrometrie gamma non destructive. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie de Science, Paris, Series 2, 324, 773-779.