Towards sustainable management of mixed dipterocarp forests of Southeast Asia: Moving beyond minimum diameter cutting limits

Environmental Conservation

Volumn 30, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 364-374

  Sist, Plinio ^a   Fimbel, Robert ^b   Sheil, Douglas ^c   Nasi, Robert ^a   Chevallier, Marie Hélène ^a  

^a CIRAD   (France)

^b CIFOR ^*  (United States)

^c CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH   (Indonesia)

Author keywords

East Kalimantan; Habitat conservation; Malesia; Mixed dipterocarp forests; Reduced impact logging (RIL); Silviculture; Sustainable forest management; Tebang Pilih Tanam Indonesia (TPTI)

Indexed keywords

CONSERVATION; ECOLOGY; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; HARVESTING; POPULATION STATISTICS; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; TIMBER;

SILVICULTURE; TROPICAL FORESTS;

FORESTRY;

FOREST MANAGEMENT; MIXED FOREST; SELECTIVE LOGGING; SILVICULTURE; TIMBER HARVESTING;

ARTICLE; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPLOITATION; ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY; FOREST; FOREST MANAGEMENT; FORESTRY; HABITAT USE; HARVEST; INDONESIA; LOGGING; RAIN FOREST; REGENERATION; SOUTHEAST ASIA;

ASIA; EURASIA; MALAY PENINSULA; SOUTHEAST ASIA;

EID: 0347089189     PISSN: 03768929     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0376892903000389     Document Type: Article

References (100)

1. Alexander, I. (1989) Mycorrhizas in tropical forests. In: Mineral Nutrients in Tropical Forest and Savanna Ecosystems, ed. J. Proctor, pp. 169-188. Special Publications Series of the British Ecological Society 9. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
2. Alexander, I., Ahmad, N. & See, L.S. (1992) The role of mycorrhizae in the regeneration of some Malaysian forest trees. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B 335: 379-388.
3. Appanah, S. (1990) Plant-pollinator interactions in Malaysian rain forests. In: Reproductive Ecology of Tropical Forest Plants, ed. K.S. Bawa & M. Hadley, pp. 85-101. Man and Biosphere Series, Volume 7. Paris, France: Parthenon Publishing Group.
4. Appanah, S. (1993) Mass flowering of dipterocarp forests in the aseasonal tropics. Journal of Biosciences 18: 457-474.
5. Appanah, S. (1998) Management of natural forests. In: A Review of Dipterocarps, Taxonomy, Ecology and Silviculture, ed. S. Appanah & J.M. Turnbull, pp. 133-149. Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR.
6. Appanah, S. & Chan, H.T. (1981) Thrips: the pollinators of some dipterocarps. Malaysian Forester 44: 234-252.
7. Appanah, S. & Putz, F.E. (1984) Climber abundance in virgin dipterocarp forest and the effect of pre-felling climber cutting on logging damage. Malaysian Forester 47: 335-342.
8. Appanah, S. & Rasol, M. (1990) Smaller trees can fruit in logged dipterocarp forests. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 3: 80-87.
9. Appanah, S. & Weinland, G. (1993) A preliminary analysis of the 50-hectare Pasoh demography plot: I. Dipterocarpaceae. Research Pamphlet 112, Forest Research Institute, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
10. Ashton, M.S. (1998) Seedling ecology of mixed-dipterocarp forest. In: A Review of Dipterocarps, Taxonomy, Ecology and Silviculture, ed. S. Appanah & J.M. Turnbull, pp. 90-98. Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR.
11. Ashton, P.S. (1982) Dipterocarpaceae. Flora Malesiana I 9(2): 237-552.
12. Bawa, K.S. (1998) Conservation of genetic resources in the Dipterocarpaceae. In: A Review of Dipterocarps, Taxonomy, Ecology and Silviculture, ed. S. Appanah & J.M. Turnbull, pp. 45-56. Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR.
13. Bawa, K.S. & Ashton, P.S. (1991) Conservation of rare species trees in tropical rainforests: a genetic perspective. In: Genetic and Conservation of Rare Plants, ed. D.A. Falk & K.F. Holsinger, pp. 62-71. New York, USA: Oxford University Press.
14. Bawa, K.S., Ashton, P.S. & Nor, S.M. (1990) Reproductive ecology of tropical forest plants: management issues. In: Reproductive Ecology of Tropical Forest Plants, ed. K.S. Bawa & M. Hadley, pp. 2-13. Man and Biosphere Series, Volume 7. Paris, France: Parthenon Publishing Group.
15. Bertault, J.-G. (1991) Quand la forêt tropicale s'enflamme. Près de 3 millions d'hectares détruits à Kalimantan. Bois et Foréts des Tropiques 230: 5-14.
16. Bertault, J.-G. & Sist, P. (1997) An experimental comparison of different harvesting intensities with reduced-impact and conventional logging in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Forest Ecology and Management 94: 209-218.
17. Brandani, A., Hartshorn, G.S. & Orians, G.H. (1988) Internal heterogeneity of gaps and species richness in Costa Rican tropical wet forest. Journal of Tropical Ecology 4: 99-119.
18. Brokaw, N. & Busing, R.T. (2000) Niche versus chance and tree diversity in forest gaps. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 15: 183-188.
19. Brown, N. (1993) The implication of climate and gap microclimate for seedling growth conditions in a Bornean lowland rain forest. Journal of Tropical Ecology 9: 153-168.
20. Burgess, P.F. (1970) An approach towards a silvicultural system for the hill forests of the Malay Peninsula. Malaysian Forester 33: 126-134.
21. Burgess, P.F. (1975) Silviculture in the hill forests of the Malay Peninsula. Malaysian Forest Department Research Pamphlet 66, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
22. Cedergren, J. (1996) A silvicultural evaluation of stand characteristics, pre-felling climber cutting and directional felling in a primary dipterocarp forest in Sabah, Malaysia. Acta Universitatis Sueciae, Silvestria 9, Doctoral thesis, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden.
23. Clearwater, M.J., Nifinluri, T. & van Gardingen, P.R. (1999) Growth response of wild Shorea seedlings to high light intensity. In: Management of Secondary and Logged-over Forests in Indonesia, ed. P. Sist, C. Sabogal & Y. Byron, pp. 54-64. Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR.
24. Curran, L.M. & Leighton, M. (2000) Vertebrate responses to spatiotemporal variation in seed production of mast-fruiting Dipterocarpaceae. Ecological Monographs 70: 101-127.
25. Curran, L.M., Caniago, I., Paoli, G.D., Astianti, D., Kusneti, M., Leighton, M., Nirarita, C.E. & Haeruman, H. (1999) Impact of El Niño and logging on canopy tree recruitment in Borneo. Science 286: 2184-2188.
26. Dawkins, H.C. & Philip, M.S. (1998) Tropical Moist Forest Silviculture and Management. A History of Success and Failure. Wallingford, UK: CAB International.
27. Dennis, R. (1999) A Review of Fire Projects in Indonesia (1982-1998). Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR: 105 pp.
28. Dwiprabowo, H., Grulois, S., Sist, P. & Kartawinata, K. (2002) Cost-benefit analysis of reduced-impact logging in a lowland dipterocarp Forest of Malinau, East Kalimantan. In: Forest, Science and Sustainability: The Bulungan Model Forest, Technical Report, Phase I (1997-2001), ITTO Project PD 12/97 Rev.1 (F), pp. 39-55. Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR, MOF and ITTO.
29. Dykstra, D. & Heinrich, R. (1996) FAO Model Code of Forest Harvesting Practice. Rome, Italy: FAO: 85 pp.
30. Elias (1998) Reduced-impact timber harvesting in the tropical natural forest of Indonesia. FAO Forest Harvesting Case 11, FAO, Rome, Italy.
31. FAO (2001) State of the World's Forests. Rome, Italy: FAO.
32. Favrichon, V. & Young Cheol, K. (1998) Modeling the dynamics of a lowland mixed dipterocarp forest stand: application of a density-dependent matrix model. In: Silvicultural Research in a Lowland Mixed Dipterocarp Forest of East Kalimantan, the Contribution of STREK Project, ed. J.-G. Bertault & K. Kadir, pp. 229-246. Montpellier, France: Cirad-Forêt, FORDA, INHUTANI I.
33. Fimbel, R.A., Grajal, A. & Robinson, J.G., eds. (2001) The Cutting Edge: Conserving Wildlife in Managed Tropical Forest. New York, USA: Columbia University Press.
34. FLB (2002) Revising the silviculture system? Forests Initiatives Newsletter 10: 4-5.
35. Fox, J.E.D. (1973) Dipterocarp seedling behavior in Sabah. Malaysian Forester 36: 205-214.
36. Ghazoul, J. & Hill, J. (2001) The impacts of selective logging on tropical forest invertebrates. In: The Cutting Edge: Conserving Wildlife in Managed Tropical Forest, ed. R.A. Fimbel, A. Graja & J.G. Robinson, pp. 251-278. New York, USA: Columbia University Press.
37. Ghazoul, J., Liston, K.A. & Boyle, T. (1998) Disturbance-induced, density dependent seed selection in Shorea siamensis (Dipterocarpaceae), a tropical forest tree. Journal of Ecology 86: 462-473.
38. Grieser Johns, A. (1997) Timber Production and Biodiversity Conservation in Tropical Rain Forests. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
39. Holmes, T.P., Blate, G.M., Zweede, J.C., Rodrigo Pereira, Jr, R., Barreto, P., Boltze, F. & Bauch, R. (2002) Financial and ecological indicators of reduced impact logging performance in the eastern Amazon. Forest Ecology and Management 163: 93-110.
40. Huth, A. & Ditzer, T. (2001) Long-term impacts of logging in a tropical rain forest - a simulation. Forest Ecology and Management 142: 33-51.
41. Ickes, K., Dewalt, S.J. & Appanah, S. (2001) Effects of native pigs (Sus scrofa) on woody understorey vegetation in Malaysian lowland rain forest. Journal of Tropical Ecology 17: 191-206.
42. Jennings, S.B., Brown, N.D., Boshier, D.H., Whitmore, T.C. & do C.A. Lopes, J. (2001) Ecology provides a pragmatic solution to the maintenance of genetic diversity in sustainably managed tropical rain forests. Forest Ecology and Management 154: 1-10.
43. Johnson, N. & Cabarle, B. (1993) Surviving the Cut: Natural Forest Management in the Humid Tropics. Washington DC, USA: World Resources Institute.
44. Kato, M. (1996) Plant-pollinator interactions in the understory of a lowland mixed dipterocarp forest in Sarawak. American Journal of Botany 83: 732-743.
45. Kitamura, K., Rahman, M.Y.B.A., Ochai, Y. & Yoshimaru, H. (1994) Estimation of the outcrossing rate on Dryobalanops aromatica Gaerm.f. in primary and secondary forests in Brunei, Borneo, Southeast Asia. Plant Species Biology 9: 37-41.
46. Kleine, M. & Heuveldop, J. (1993) A management planning concept for sustained yield of tropical forests in Sabah, Malaysia. Forest Ecology and Management 61: 277-297.
47. Kuusipalo, J., Jafarsidik, Y., Adjers, G. & Tuomela, K. (1996) Population dynamics of tree seedlings in a mixed dipterocarp rainforest before and after logging and crown liberation. Forest Ecology and Management 81: 85-94.
48. Laumonier, Y. & Legg, C. (1998) Le suivi des feux de 1997 en Indonésie. Bois et Forêts des Tropiques 258: 5-18.
49. Lee, S.S. (1998) Root symbiosis and nutrition. In: A Review of Dipterocarps, Taxonomy, Ecology and Silviculture, ed. S. Appanah & J.M. Turnbull, pp. 100-114. Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR.
50. Lee, S.L. (2000) Mating system parameters of Dryobalanops aromatica Gaertn. f. (Dipterocarpaceae) in three different forest types and a seed orchard. Heredity 85: 338-345.
51. Martini, A.M.Z., de la Rosa, N. & Uhl, C. (1994) An attempt to predict which Amazonian tree species may be threatened by logging activities. Environmental Conservation 21: 152-162.
52. Momose, K., Nagamitsu, T. & Inoue, T. (1996) The reproductive biology of an emergent dipterocarp in a lowland rain forest in Sarawak. Plant Species Biology 11: 189-198.
53. Momose, K., Yumoto, T. Nagamitsu, T., Kato, M., Nagamasu, H., Sakai, S., Harrison, R.D., Itioka, T., Hamid, A.A. & Inoue, T. (1998) Pollination biology in a lowland dipterocarp forest in Sarawak, Malaysia. I. Characteristics of the plant-pollinator community in a lowland dipterocarp forest. American Journal of Botany 85: 1477-1501.
54. Murawski, D.L. & Hamrick, J.L. (1990) Mating systems of two bombacaceous trees of a neotropical moist forest. Oecologia 82: 501-506.
55. Murawski, D.L. & Hamrick, J.L. (1991) The effect of density of flowering individuals on the mating systems of nine tropical tree species. Heredity 67: 167-174.
56. Nathan, R., Katul, G.G., Horn, H.S., Thomas, S.M., Oren, R., Vissar, R.A., Pascala, S.W. & Levin, S.M. (2002) Mechanisms of long-distance dispersal of seeds by wind. Nature 418: 409-413.
57. Nguyen-Thé, N. & Sist, P. (1998) Phenology of some dipterocarps. In: Silvicultural Research in a Lowland Mixed Dipterocarp Forest of East Kalimantan, the Contribution of STREK Project, ed. J.-G. Bertault & K. Kadir, pp. 95-110. Montpellier, France: Cirad-Forêt, FORDA, INHUTANI I.
58. Nicholson D.I. (1979) The effects of logging and treatment on the mixed dipterocarp forests of Southeast Asia. Report MISC/79/8, FAO, Rome, Italy: 65 pp.
59. Obayashi, K., Tsumura, Y., Ihara, U.T., Niiyama, K., Tanouchi, H., Suyama, Y., Washitani, I., Lee, C.T., Lee, S.L., & Muhammad, N. (2002) Genetic diversity and outcrossing rate between undisturbed and selectively logged forests of Shorea curtisii (Dipterocarpaccae) using microsatellite DNA analysis. International Journal of Plant Sciences 163: 151-158.
60. Ong, R., & Kleine, M. (1995) DIPSIM. A dipterocarp forest growth simulation model for Sabah. Forest Research Center Research Paper 2, Forest Department, Sabah, Malaysia: 94 pp.
61. Parren, M. & Bongers, F. (2001) Does climber cutting reduce felling damage in southern Cameroon? Forest Ecology and Management 141: 175-188.
62. Pascal, J.-P. & Pélissier, R. (1996) Structure and floristic composition of a tropical evergreen forest in south-west India. Journal of Tropical Ecology 12: 191-214.
63. Perez-Salicrup, D.R. (1998) Effects of liana cutting on trees and tree seedlings in a tropical forest in Bolivia. Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Biology, University of Missouri, St Louis, USA.
64. Pinard, M.A. & Putz, F.E. (1996) Retaining forest biomass by reducing logging damage. Biotropica 28: 278-295.
65. Pinard, M.A., Barker, M.G. & Tay, J. (2000) Soil disturbance and post-logging forest recovery on bulldozer paths in Sabah, Malaysia. Forest Ecology and Management 130: 213-225.
66. Pinard, M.A., Putz, F.E., Rumìz, D., Guzmàn, R. & Jardim, A. (1999) Ecological characterization of tree species for guiding forest management decisions in seasonally dry forests in Lomerio, Bolivia. Forest Ecology and Management 113: 201-213.
67. Pinard, M.A., Putz, F.E., Tay, J. & Sullivan, T. (1995) Creating timber harvesting guidelines for a reduced-impact logging project in Malaysia. Journal of Forestry 93: 41-45.
68. Poore, D. & Chiew, T.H. (2000) Review of Progress towards the Year 2000 Objective. ITTO Technical Report, ITTC (XXVIII)/9/Rev.2.
69. Poore, M.E.D. (1968) Studies in Malaysian rain forest. I. The forest on Triassic sediments in Jengka Forest Reserve. Journal of Ecology 56: 143-196.
70. Prabhu, R., Colfer, C.J.P. & Dudley, R.G. (1999) Guidelines for Developing, Testing, and Selecting Criteria and Indicators for Sustainable Forest Management. The Criteria and Indicators Toolbox Series 1. Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR.
71. Putz, F.E. (1991) Silvicultural effects of lianas. In: The Biology of Vines, ed. F.E. Putz & H.A. Mooney, pp. 439-501. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
72. Putz, F.E., Redford, K.H., Robinson, J.G., Fimbel, R. & Blate, G.M. (2000) Biodiversity conservation in the context of tropical forest management. The World Bank Environment Department, Biodiversity Series Impact Studies Paper 75. The World Bank, Washington DC, USA.
73. Richards, P.W. (1996) The Tropical Rain Forest. Second edition. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
74. Riera, B. & Alexandre, D.Y. (1988) Surface des chablis et temps de renouvellement en forêt tropicale. Acta Oecologica 9: 211-220.
75. Sabogal, C., Silva, J.N.M., Zweede, J., Pereira Jr, R.P. & Barreto, P. (2000) Diretrizes Técnicas para exploração de impacto reduzido em operações florestais de terra firme na Amazônia Brasileira. Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Documentos 64, Belém, Brazil.
76. Sakai, S., Momose, K., Yumoto, T., Kato, M. & Inoue, T. (1999) Beetle pollination of Shorea parvifolia (section Mutica, Dipterocarpaceae) in a general flowering period in Sarawak, Malaysia. American Journal of Botany 86: 62-69.
77. Sanford, R.L., Jr, Braker, E.H. & Hartshorn, G.S. (1986) Canopy opening in a primary neotropical lowland forest. Journal of Tropical Ecology 2: 277-282.
78. Sheil, D. (2002) Biodiversity research in Malinau. In: Forest, Science and Sustainability: The Bulungan Model Forest, Technical Report, Phase I (1997-2001), ITTO Project PD 12/97 Rev.1 (F), pp. 55-107. Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR, MOF and ITTO.
79. Sheil, D., Liswanti, N., van Heist, M., Basuki, I., Syaefuddin, Samsoedin, I., Rukmiyati & Agung, M. (2003) Local priorities and biodiversity in tropical forest landscapes: asking people what matters. Tropical Forest Update (in press) [www document]. URL http://www.itto.or.jp
80. Sheil, D. & Van Heist, M. (2000) Ecology for tropical forest management. International Forestry Review 2: 261-270.
81. Sist, P. (2000) Reduced-impact logging in the tropics: objectives, principles and impacts. International Forestry Review 2: 3-10.
82. Sist, P. & Nguyen-Thé, N. (2002) Logging damage and the subsequent dynamics of a dipterocarp forest in East Kalimantan (1990-1996). Forest Ecology and Management 165: 85-103.
83. Sist, P. & Saridan, A. (1999) Stand structure and floristic composition of a primary lowland dipterocarp forest in East Kalimantan. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 11: 704-722.
84. Sist, P., Dykstra, D.P. & Fimbel, R. (1998a) Reduced-impact logging guidelines for lowland and hill dipterocarp forests in Indonesia. CIFOR Occasional Paper 15, Bogor, Indonesia: 19 pp.
85. Sist, P., Nolan, T., Bertault, J.-G. & Dykstra, D.P. (1998b) Harvesting intensity versus sustainability in Indonesia. Forest Ecology and Management 108: 251-260.
86. Sist, P., Picard, N. & Bertault, J.-G. (2002) Why minimum diameter cutting alone cannot fit with RIL objectives. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on the Application of Reduced Impact Logging to Advance Sustainable Forest Management: Constraint, Challenges and Opportunities, 26 February-1 March 2001, Sarawak, Malaysia.
87. Sist, P., Picard, N. & Gourlet-Fleury, S. (2003a) Sustainable cutting cycle and yields in a lowland mixed dipterocarp forest of Borneo. Annals of Forest Science (in press).
88. Sist, P., Sheil, D., Kartawinata K. & Priyadi H. (2003b) Reduced-impact logging and high extraction rates in mixed dipterocarps forests of Borneo: the need of new silvicultural prescriptions. Forest Ecology and Management 179: 415-427.
89. Soepadmo, E. (1995) Plant diversity of the Malesian tropical rainforest and its phytogeographical and economic significance. In: Ecology, Conservation and Management of South East Asian Rainforests, ed. R.B. Primack & T.E. Lovejoy, pp. 19-40. USA: Yale University Press.
90. Srivastava, P.B.L. (1977) Precocious flowering (paedogenesis) in Dipterocarpaceae. Malaysian Forester 40: 251-253.
91. Swaine, M.D. & Whitmore, T.C. (1988) On the definition of ecological species groups in tropical rain forests. Vegetatio 75: 81-86.
92. Tamari, C. & Jacalne, D.V. (1984) Fruit dispersal of dipterocarps. Bulletin of the Forest and Forest Product Research Institute 325: 127-140.
93. Tuomela, K., Kuusipalo, J., Vesa, L., Nuryanto, K., Sagal, A.P.S., &. Adjers, G. (1996) Growth of dipterocarps seedlings in artificial gaps: an experiment in a logged-over rainforest in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Forest Ecology and Management 81: 95-100.
94. Van Gardingen, P.R., Clearwater, M.J., Nifinluri, T., Effendi, R., Ruswantoro, P.A., Ingleby, K. & Munro, R.C. (1998) Impacts of logging on the regeneration of lowland dipterocarps forest in Indonesia. International Forestry Review 77: 71-82.
95. Whitmore, T.C. (1984) Tropical Rain Forests of the Far East. Second edition. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press: 352 pp.
96. Whitmore, T.C. (1990) Tropical rain forest dynamics and its implications for management. In: Rain Forest Regeneration and Management, ed. A. Gomez-Pompa, T.C. Whitmore & M. Hadley, pp. 67-89. Man and the Biosphere Series, Volume 6. Paris, France: Parthenon Publishing Group.
97. Whitmore, T.C. & Brown, N.D. (1996) Dipterocarp seedling growth in rain forest canopy gaps during six and a half years. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 351: 1195-1203.
98. Wickneswari, R. & Boyle, T. (2000) Effects of logging and other forms of harvesting on genetic diversity in humid tropical forests. In: Forest Conservation Genetics, Principles and Practices, ed. A.Young, D.Boshier & T. Boyle, pp. 115-122. Wallingford, UK: Cabi Publishing.
99. Wyatt-Smith, J. (1963) Manual of Malayan silviculture for inland forest. Malayan Forest Record 23, Forest Department, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
100. Wyatt-Smith, J. (1987) The management of tropical moist forest for the sustained production of timber: some issues. IUCN/IIED Tropical Forestry Policy Paper 4.