The statistical upper mantle assemblage

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Volumn 217, Issue 1-2, 2004, Pages 123-139

  Meibom, Anders ^a   Anderson, Don L ^b  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

Central limit theorem; Heterogeneity; MORB; OIB; Sampling theory; Upper mantle

Indexed keywords

GEOCHEMISTRY; HETEROGENEITY; MANTLE CHEMISTRY; MID-OCEAN RIDGE BASALT; UPPER MANTLE;

EID: 0346965757     PISSN: 0012821X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00573-9     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. van Keken P.E.Hauri E.Ballentine C.J.Mantle mixing: The generation, preservation, and destruction of chemical heterogeneity Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 30 2002 493-525
2. Kellogg J.B.Jacobsen S.B.O'Connell R.J.Modeling the distribution of isotopic ratios in geochemical reservoirs Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 204 2002 183-202
3. Helffrich G.R.Wood B.J.The Earth's mantle Nature 412 2001 501-507
4. Hofmann A.W.Mantle geochemistry: The message from oceanic volcanism Nature 385 1997 219-229
5. Dupre B.Lambret B.Rousseau D.Allègre C.J.Limitation on the scale of mantle heterogeneity under oceanic ridges Nature 294 1981 552-554
6. Macdougall J.D.Lugmair G.W.Extreme isotopic homogeneity among basalts fron the southern East Pacific Rise: Mantle or mixing effect? Nature 313 1985 209-211
7. D.W. Graham, Noble gas isotope geochemistry of mid-ocean ridge and ocean island basalts: Characterization of mantle source reservoirs, in: D. Porcelli, C.J. Ballentine, R. Wieler (Eds.), Noble Gases in Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, 47, Geochemical Society and American Society of America, Washington, DC, 2002, pp. 247-315.
8. Allègre C.J.Turcotte D.L.Geodynamic mixing in the mesosphere boundary layer and the origin of oceanic islands Geophys. Res. Lett. 12 1985 207-210
9. Hart S.R.Heterogeneous mantle domains: Signatures, genesis and mixing chronologies Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 90 1988 273-296
10. Zindler A.Hart S.Chemical geodynamics Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 14 1986 493-571
11. Hart S.R.Hauri E.H.Oschmann L.A.Whitehead J.A.Mantle plumes and entrainment: Isotopic evidence Science 256 1992 517-520
12. Hanan B.B.Graham D.W.Lead and helium isotope evidence from oceanic basalts for a common deep source of mantle plumes Science 272 1996 991-995
13. Kellogg L.H.Mixing in the mantle Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 20 1992 365-388
14. Allègre C.J.Levin E.Isotopic systems and stirring times of the Earth's mantle Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 136 1995 629-646
15. Bercovici D.Karato S.-I.Whole-mantle convection and the transition-zone water filter Nature 425 2003 39-44
16. Anderson D.L.Phase changes in the upper mantle Science 157 1967 1165-1173
17. Hamelin B.Allègre C.J.Large scale regional units within the depleted upper mantle: Pb-Sr-Nd study of the southwestern Indian Ridge Nature 315 1985 196-199
18. F. Albarede and R.D. van der Hilst, New mantle convection model may reconcile conflicting evidence, EOS Trans. AGU 80 (1999) 535-539.
19. D.L. Anderson, Theory of the Earth, Blackwell Scientific, Boston, MA, 1989, 366 pp.
20. Batiza R.Inverse relationship between Sr isotope diversity and rate of oceanic volcanism has implications for mantle heterogeneity Nature 309 1984 440-441
21. Fitton J.G.Dunlop H.M.The Cameroon line, West Africa, and its bearing on the origin of oceanic and continental alkali basalt Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 72 1985 23-38
22. Morgan J.P.Morgan W.J.Two-stage melting and the geochemical evolution of the mantle: A recipe for mantle plum-pudding Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 170 1999 215-239
23. Eiler J.M.Schiano P.Kitchen N.Stolper E.M.Oxygen-isotope evidence for recycled crust in the sources of mid-ocean-ridge basalts Nature 403 1999 530-534
24. Mahoney J.J.Graham D.W.Christie D.M.Johnson K.T.M.Hall L.S.Vonderhaar D.L.Between a hotspot and a coldspot: Isotopic variation in the Southeast Indian Ridge asthenosphere, 86°E-118°E J. Petrol. 43 2002 1155-1176
25. Wendt J.I.Regelous M.Niu Y.Hekinian R.Collerson K.D.Geochemistry of lavas from the Garrett Transform Fault: Insights into mantle heterogeneity beneath the eastern Pacific Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 173 1999 271-284
26. Saal A.E.Hauri E.H.Langmuir C.H.Perfit M.R.Vapour undersaturation in primitive mid-ocean-ridge basalt and the volatile content of Earth's upper mantle Nature 419 2002 451-455
27. Zindler A.Staudigel H.Batiza R.Isotope and trace element geochemistry of young Pacific seamounts: Implications for the scale of upper mantle heterogeneity Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 70 1984 175-195
28. Niu Y.Batiza R.Trace element evidence from seamounts for recycled oceanic crust in the Eastern Pacific mantle Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 148 1997 471-483
29. Niu Y.Collerson K.D.Batiza R.Wendt J.I.Regelous M.Origin of enriched-type mid-ocean ridge basalt at ridges far from mantle plumes: The East Pacific Rise af 11°20′N J. Geophys. Res. 104 1999 7067-7087
30. Niu Y.Bideau D.Hekinian R.Batiza R.Mantle compositional control on the extend of mantle melting, crust production, gravity anomaly, ridge morphology, and ridge segmentation: A case study at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge 33-35 °N Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 186 2001 383-399
31. Niu Y.Regelous M.Wendt I.J.Batiza R.O'Hara M.J.Geochemistry of near-EPR seamounts: Importance of source vs. process and the origin of enriched mantle component Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 199 2002 327-345
32. Fornari D.J.Perfit M.R.Allan K.F.Batiza R.Haymon R.Barone A.Ryan W.B.F.Smith T.Simkin T.Luckman M.A.Geochemical and structural studies of the Lamont seamounts: Seamounts as indicators of mantle processes Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 89 1988 63-83
33. Regelous M.Niu Y.Wendt J.I.Batiza R.Greig A.Collerson K.D.Variations in the geochemistry of magmatism on the East Pacific Rise at 10°30′N since 800 ka Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 168 1999 45-63
34. Saal A.E.Hart S.R.Shimizu N.Hauri E.H.Layne G.D.Pb isotopic variability in melt inclusions from oceanic island basalts, Polynesia Science 282 1998 1481-1484
35. Burton K.Schiano P.Birck J.-L.Allègre C.J.Osmium isotope disequilibrium between mantle minerals in a spinel-lherzolite Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 172 1999 311-322
36. Parkinson I.J.Hawkesworth C.J.Cohen A.S.Ancient mantle in a modern arc: Osmium isotopes in Izu-Bonin-Mariana forearc peridotites Science 281 1998 2011-2013
37. Meibom A.Frei R.Evidence for an ancient osmium isotopic reservoir in Earth Science 296 2002 516-518
38. Meibom A.Sleep N.H.Chamberlain C.P.Coleman R.G.Frei R.Hren M.T.Wooden J.L.Re-Os isotopic evidence for long-lived heterogeneity and equilibrium processes in Earth's upper mantle Nature 419 2002 705-708
39. Reisberg L.Zindler A.Extreme isotopic variability in the upper mantle: Evidence from Ronda Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 81 1986 29-45
40. Salters V.J.M.Dick B.J.B.Mineralogy of the mid-ocean-ridge basalt source from neodymium isotopic composition of abyssal peridotites Nature 418 2002 68-72
41. Hamelin B.Allègre C.J.Lead isotope study of orogenic lherzolite massifs Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 91 1988 117-131
42. Graham D.W.Lupton J.E.Spera F.J.Christie D.M.Upper-mantle dynamics revealed by helium isotope variations along the southeast Indian Ridge Nature 409 2001 701-703
43. Korenaga J.Kelemen P.B.Major element heterogeneity in the mantle source of the North Atlantic igneous province Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 184 2000 251-268
44. M. Seyler, M. Cannat, C. Mevel, Evidence for major-element heterogeneity in the mantle source of abyssal peridotites from the Southwest Indian Ridge (52° to 68°E), Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 4 (2003) doi: 10.1029/2002GC000305. 10.1029/2002GC000305
45. 204Pb mid-ocean ridge basalt: Isotopic systematics of the central Southwest Indian Ridge (17°-50°E) J. Geophys. Res. 97 1992 19771-19790
46. Shraiman B.I.Siggia E.D.Scalar turbulence Nature 405 2000 639-646
47. R.N. Bracewell, The Fourier Transform and its Applications, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2000, 616 pp.
48. M.A. Menzies, C.J. Hawkesworth, Mantle metasomatism, in: Academic Press Geology Series, Academic Press, London, 1987, 472 pp.
49. G. Faure, Principles of Isotope Geology, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1986, 589 pp.
50. Allègre C.J.Turcotte D.L.Implications of a two-component marble-cake mantle Nature 323 1986 123-127
51. Hirschmann M.M.Stolper E.M.A possible role for garnet pyroxenite in the origin of the 'garnet signature' in MORB Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 124 1996 185-208
52. Presnall D.C.Gudfinnsson G.H.Walter M.J.Generation of mid-ocean ridge basalts at pressures from 1 to 7 GPa Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 66 2002 2073-2092
53. Rowley D.B.Rate of plate creation and destruction: 180 Ma to present GSA Bull. 114 2002 927-933
54. Trompert R.Hansen U.Mantle convection simulations with rheologies that generate plate-like behaviour Nature 395 1998 686-689
55. Bunge H.-P.Richards M.A.The origin of large scale structure in mantle convection: Effects of plate motions and viscosity stratification Geophys. Res. Lett. 23 1996 2987-2990
56. Hansen U.Yuen D.A.Kroening S.E.Larsen T.B.Dynamical consequences of depth-dependent thermal expansivity and viscosity on mantle circulations and thermal structure Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 77 1993 205-233
57. Kellogg L.H.Turcotte D.L.Homogenization of the mantle by convective mixing and diffusion Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 81 1986/87 371-378
58. Hofmann A.W.Hart S.R.An assessment of local and regional isotopic equilibrium in the mantle Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 38 1978 44-62
59. Sleep N.Tapping of magmas from ubiquitous mantle heterogeneities: An alternative to mantle plumes? J. Geophys. Res. 89 1984 10029-10041
60. Prinzhofer A.Lewin E.Allègre C.J.Stochastic melting of the marble cake mantle: Evidence from local study of the East Pacific Rise at 12°50′N Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 92 1989 189-206
61. P.W. Reiners, Temporal-compositional trends in intraplate basalt eruptions: Implications for mantle heterogeneity and melting processes, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 3 (2002) doi: 10.1029/2001GC000250.
62. Asimow P.D.Langmuir C.H.The importance of water to oceanic mantle melting regimes Nature 421 2003 815-820
63. J.P. Morgan, Thermodynamics of presdure release melting of a veined plum pudding mantle, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 2 (2001) doi: 10.1029/2000GC000049.
64. P.B. Kelemen, M. Braun, G. Hirth, Spatial distribution of melt conduits in the mantle beneath oceanic spreading ridges: Observations from the Ingalls and Oman ophiolites, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 1 (2000) doi: 0.1029/1999GC000012.
65. O'Hara M.J.Trace element geochemical effects of integrated melt extraction and 'shaped' melting regimes J. Petrol. 36 1995 1111-1132
66. Plank T.Langmuir C.H.Effects of the melting regime on the composition of the oceanic crust J. Geophys. Res. 97 1992 19749-19770
67. Ekstrom G.Dziewonski A.M.The unique anisotropy of the Pacific upper mantle Nature 394 1998 168-172
68. Nielsen L.Thybo H.Egorkin A.V.Constraints on reflective bodies below the 8 degrees discontinuity from reflectivity modelling Geophys. J. Int. 145 2001 759-770
69. Whitcomb J.H.Anderson D.L.Reflection of P′P′ seismic waves from discontinuities in the mantle J. Geophys. Res. 75 1970 5713-5728
70. Thybo H.Perchuc E.The seismic 8° discontinuity and partial melting in continental mantle Science 275 1997 1626-1629
71. Fuchs K.Tittgemeyer M.Ryberg T.Wenzel F.Mooney W.Global significance of a sub-Moho boundary layer (SMBL) deduced from high-resolution seismic observations Int. Geol. Rev. 44 2002 671-685
72. L. Vinnik, V. Farra, Subcratonic low-velocity layer and flood basalts, Geophys. Res. Lett. 29 (2002) doi: 10.1029/2002GL014064. 10.1029/2002GL014064
73. Warner M.Morgan J.Barton P.Morgan P.Price C.Jones K.Seismic reflections from the mantle represent relict subduction zones within the continental lithosphere Geology 24 1996 39-41
74. Van der Lee S.Nolet G.Seismic image of the subducted trailing fragments of the Farallon plate Nature 386 1997 266-269
75. Bonatti E.Not so hot 'hot spots' in the oceanic mantle Science 250 1990 107-111
76. Bonatti E.Ligi M.Brunelli D.Cipriana A.Fabretti P.Farrante V.Gasperini L.Ottolini L.Mantle thermal pulses below the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and temporal variations in the formation of oceanic lithosphere Nature 432 2003 499-505
77. G. Ito, J.J. Mahoney, Effects of variable melt productivity and active mantle upwelling on trace-element and isotopic composition of hot-spot magmas, EOS Trans. AGU 83, Fall Meeting Suppl. (2002) Abstract S71D-06.
78. Allègre C.J.The evolution of mantle mixing Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London A 360 2002 2411-2431
79. Allègre C.J.Hamelin B.Provost A.Dupre B.Topology in isotopic multispace and origin of mantle chemical heterogeneities Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 81 1987 319-337
80. Woodhead J.D.McCullogh M.T.Ancient seafloor signals in Pitcairn Island lavas and evidence for large amplitude, small length-scale mantle heterogeneities Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 94 1989 257-273