Fulminant hepatic failure

Gastroenterology Clinics of North America

Volumn 32, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 1195-1211

  Sass, David A ^a   Shakil, A Obaid ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CRITICAL ILLNESS; FULMINANT HEPATIC FAILURE; HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; HUMAN; LIVER FAILURE; LIVER FUNCTION; LIVER REGENERATION; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; MONITORING; MORTALITY; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; ORGAN DONOR; PATIENT REFERRAL; PROGNOSIS; REVIEW; SAFETY; TREATMENT OUTCOME; XENOGRAFT;

EID: 0346850014     PISSN: 08898553     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0889-8553(03)00088-8     Document Type: Review

References (73)

1. Rakela J, Lange SM, Ludwig J, Baldus WP. Fulminant hepatitis: Mayo Clinic experience with 34 cases. Mayo Clin Proc 1985;60:289-92.
2. Ostapowicz G, Fontana RJ, Schiodt FV, Larson A, Davern TJ, Han SH, et al. Results of a prospective study of acute liver failure at 17 tertiary care centers in the United States. Ann Intern Med 2002;137:947-54.
3. Trey C, Lipworth L, Chalmers TC, Davidson CS, Gottlieb LS, Popper H, et al. Fulminant hepatic failure: presumable contribution to halothane. N Engl J Med 1968;279:798-801.
4. Bernuau J, Goudeau A, Poynard T, Dubois F, Lesage G, Yvonnet B, et al. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in fulminant hepatitis B. Hepatology 1986;6:648-51.
5. Gimson AE, O'Grady J, Ede RJ, Portmann B, Williams R. Late onset hepatic failure: clinical, serological and histological features. Hepatology 1986;6:288-94.
6. O'Grady JG, Schalm SW, Williams R. Acute liver failure: redefining the syndromes. Lancet 1993;342:273-5.
7. Hoofnagle JH, Carithers RLJ, Shapiro C, Ascher N, Fulminant hepatic failure: summary of a workshop. Hepatology 1995;21:240-52.
8. Seaberg EC, Belle SH, Beringer KC, Schivins JL, Detre KM. Liver transplantation in the United States from 1987-1998: updated results from the Pitt-UNOS liver transplant registry. In: Cecka JM, Terasaki PI, editors. Clinical transplants 1998. Los Angeles: UCLA Tissue Typing Laboratory; 1999. p. 17-37.
9. Anand AC, Nightingale P, Neuberger JM. Early indicators of prognosis in fulminant hepatic failure: an assessment of the King's criteria. J Hepatol 1997;26:62-8.
10. O'Grady JG, Alexander GJ, Hayllar KM, Williams R. Early indicators of prognosis in fulminant hepatic failure., Gastroenterology 1989;97:439-45.
11. Schiodt FV, Rochling FA, Casey DL, Lee WM. Acetaminophen toxicity in an urban county hospital. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1112-7.
12. Shakil AO, Kramer D, Mazariegos GV, Fung JJ, Rakela J. Acute liver failure: clinical features, outcome analysis, and applicability of prognostic criteria. Liver Transpl 2000;6:163-9.
13. Trey C, Davidson CS. The management of fulminant hepatic failure. In: Popper H, Shaffner F, editors. Progress in liver diseases. 3rd edition. New York: Grune & Stratton; 1970, p. 282-98.
14. Ede RJ, Williams RW. Hepatic encephalopathy and cerebral edema. Semin Liver Dis 1986;6:107-18.
15. Gazzard BG, Portmann B, Murray-Lyon IM, Williams R. Causes of death in fulminant hepatic failure and relationship to quantitative histological assessment of parenchymal damage. Q J Med 1975;44:615-26.
16. Ware AJ, D'Agostino AN, Combes B. Cerebral edema: a major complication of massive hepatic necrosis. Gastroenterology 1971;61:877-84.
17. Blei AT. Pathophysiology of brain edema in fulminant hepatic failure, revisited. Metab Brain Dis 2001;16:85-94.
18. Lidofsky SD, Bass NM, Prager MC, Washington DE, Read AE, Wright TL, et al. Intracranial pressure monitoring and liver transplantation for fulminant hepatic failure. Hepatology 1992;16:1-7.
19. Goetting MG, Preston G. Jugular bulb catheterization: experience with 123 patients. Crit Care Med 1990;18:1220-3.
20. Aggarwal S, Kramer D, Yonas H, Obrist W, Kang Y, Martin M, et al. Cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic changes in fulminant hepatic failure: a retrospective study. Hepatology 1994;19:80-7.
21. Jalan R, Damink SW, Deutz NE, Lee A, Hayes PC. Moderate hypothermia for uncontrolled intracranial hypertension in acute liver failure. Lancet 1999;354:1164-8.
22. Bihari D, Gimson AE, Waterson M, Williams R. Tissue hypoxia during fulminant hepatic failure. Crit Care Med 1985;13:1034-9.
23. Weston MJ, Talbot IC, Horoworth PJ, Mant AK, Capildeo R, Williams R. Frequency of arrhythmias and other cardiac abnormalities in fulminant hepatic failure. Br Heart J 1976;38:1179-88.
24. Trewby PN, Warren R, Contini S, Crosbie WA, Wilkinson SP. Laws JW, et al. Incidence and pathophysiology of pulmonary edema in fulminant hepatic failure. Gastroenterology 1978;74(5 pt 1):859-65.
25. Shakil AO, Mazariegos GV, Kramer DJ. Fulminant hepatic failure. Surg Clin North Am 1999;79:77-108.
26. Ring-Larsen H, Palazzo U. Renal failure in fulminant hepatic failure and terminal cirrhosis: a comparison between incidence, types, and prognosis. Gut 1981;22:585-91.
27. Bihari DJ, Gimson AE, Williams R. Cardiovascular, pulmonary and renal complications of fulminant hepatic failure. Semin Liver Dis 1986;6:119-28.
28. Davenport A, Will EJ, Davidson AM. Improved cardiovascular stability during continuous modes of renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients with acute hepatic and renal failure. Crit Care Med 1993;21:328-38.
29. MacDougall BR, Williams R. H2-receptor antagonist in the prevention of acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in fulminant hepatic failure: a controlled trial. Gastroenterology 1978;74(2 pt 2):464-5.
30. Pereira SP, Langley PG, Williams R. The management of abnormalities of hemostasis in acute liver failure. Semin Liver Dis 1996;16:403-14.
31. Langley PG, Williams R. Physiological inhibitors of coagulation in fulminant hepatic failure. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 1992;3:243-7.
32. Pernambuco JR, Langley PG, Hughes RD, Izumi S, Williams R. Activation of the fibrinolytic system in patients with fulminant liver failure. Hepatology 1993;18: 1350-6.
33. Wyke RJ, Canalese JC, Gimson AE, Williams R. Bacteraemia in patients with fulminant hepatic failure. Liver 1982;2:45-52.
34. Rolando N, Philpott-Howard J, Williams R. Bacterial and fungal infection in acute liver failure. Semin Liver Dis 1996;16:389-402.
35. Canalese J, Gove CD, Gimson AE, Wilkinson SP, Wardle EN, Williams R. Reticulo-endothelial system and hepatocytic function in fulminant hepatic failure. Gut 1982;23: 265-9.
36. Rolando N, Wade J, Davalos M, Wendon J, Philpott-Howard J, Williams R. The systemic inflammatory response syndrome in acute liver failure. Hepatology 2000;32(4 pt 1):734-9.
37. Rolando N, Wade JJ, Stangou A, Gimson AE, Wendon J, Philpott-Howard J, et al. Prospective study comparing the efficacy of prophylactic parenteral antimicrobials, with or without enteral decontamination, in patients with acute liver failure. Liver Transpl 1996;2:8-13.
38. Rolando N, Harvey F, Brahm J, Philpott-Howard J, Alexander G, Casewell M, et al. Fungal infection: a common, unrecognised complication of acute liver failure. J Hepatol 1991;12:1-9.
39. Schneeweiss B, Pammer J, Ratheiser K, Schneider B, Madl C, Kramer L, et al. Energy metabolism in acute hepatic failure. Gastroenterology 1993;105:1515-21.
40. Parbhoo SP, Welch J, Sherlock S. Acute pancreatitis in patients with fulminant hepatic failure. Gut 1973;14:428.
41. Navasa M, Garcia-Pagan JC, Bosch J, Riera JR, Banares R, Mas A, et al. Portal hypertension in acute liver failure. Gut 1992;33:965-8.
42. MacDougall BR, Bailey RJ, Williams R. H2-receptor antagonists and antacids in the prevention of acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage in fulminant hepatic failure: two controlled trials. Lancet 1977;1:617-9.
43. Lake JR, Sussman NL. Determining prognosis in patients with fulminant hepatic failure: when you absolutely, positively have to know the answer. Hepatology 1995;21:879-82.
44. Donaldson BW, Gopinath R, Wanless IR, Phillips MJ, Cameron R, Roberts EA, et al. The role of transjugular liver biopsy in fulminant liver failure: relation to other prognostic indicators. Hepatology 1993;18:1370-6.
45. Pauwels A, Mostefa-Kara N, Florent C, Levy VG. Emergency liver transplantation for aeute liver failure: evaluation of London and Clichy criteria. J Hepatol 1993;17:124-7.
46. Hanau C, Munoz SJ, Rubin R. Histopathological heterogeneity in fulminant hepatic failure. Hepatology 1995;21:345-51.
47. Itai Y, Sekiyama K, Ahmadi T, Obuchi M, Yoshiba M. Fulminant hepatic failure: observation with serial CT. Radiology 1997;202:379-82.
48. Shakil AO, Jones BC, Lee RG, Federle MP, Fung JJ, Rakela J. Prognostic value of abdominal CT scanning and hepatic histopathology in patients with acute liver failure. Dig Dis Sci 2000;45:334-9.
49. Ranek L, Andreasen PB, Tygstrup N. Galactose elimination capacity as a prognostic index in patients with fulminant liver failure. Gut 1976;17:959-64.
50. Saibara T, Onishi S, Sone J, Yamamoto N, Shimahara Y, Mori K, et al. Arterial ketone body ratio as a possible indicator for liver transplantation in fulminant hepatic failure. Transplantation 1991;51:782-6.
51. Pereira LM, Langley PG, Hayllar KM, Tredger JM, Williams R. Coagulation factor V and VIII/V ratio as predictors of outcome in paracetamol induced fulminant hepatic failure: relation to other prognostic indicators. Gut 1992;33:98-102.
52. Lee WM, Galbraith RM, Watt GH, Hughes RD, McIntire DD, Hoffman BJ, et al. Predicting survival in fulminant hepatic failure using serum Gc protein concentrations. Hepatology 1995;21:101-5.
53. Mitchell I, Bihari D, Chang R, Wendon J, Williams R. Earlier identification of patients at risk from acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. Crit Care Med 1998;26:279-84.
54. Bernal W, Donaldson N, Wyncoll D, Wendon J. Blood lactate as an early predictor of outcome in paracetamol-induced acute liver failure: a cohort study. Lancet 2002;359: 558-63.
55. Demetriou AA. Support of the acutely failing liver: state of the art. Ann Surg 1998;228: 14-5.
56. Klein AS, Hart J, Brems JJ, Goldstein L, Lewin K, Busuttil RW. Amanita poisoning: treatment and the role of liver transplantation. Am J Med 1989;86:187-93.
57. Ockner SA, Brunt EM, Cohn SM, Krul ES, Hanto DW, Peters MG. Fulminant hepatic failure caused by acute fatty liver of pregnancy treated by orthotopic liver transplantation. Hepatology 1990;11:59-64.
58. Anonymous. Randomised trial of steroid therapy in acute liver failure: report from the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL). Gut 1979;20:620-3.
59. Woolf GM, Redeker AG. Treatment of fulminant hepatic failure with insulin and glucagon: a randomized, controlled trial. Dig Dis Sci 1991;36:92-6.
60. Sinclair SB, Greig PD, Blendis LM, Abecassis M, Roberts EA, Phillips MJ, et al. Biochemical and clinical response of fulminant viral hepatitis to administration of prostaglandin E: a preliminary report. J Clin Invest 1989;84:1063-9.
61. O'Grady JG, Gimson AE, O'Brien CJ, Pucknell A, Hughes RD, Williams R. Controlled trials of charcoal hemoperfusion and prognostic factors in fulminant hepatic failure. Gastroenterology 1988;94(5 pt 1):1186-92.
62. Redeker AG, Yamahiro HS. Controlled trial of exchange-transfusion therapy in fulminant hepatitis. Lancet 1973;1:3-6.
63. Starzl TE, Iwatsuki S, Van Thiel DH, Gartner JC, Zitelli BJ, et al. Evolution of liver transplantation. Hepatology 1982;2:614-36.
64. Anonymous. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement: liver transplantation-June 20-23, 1983. Hepatology 1984;4(1 suppl):107S-10S.
65. Ascher NL, Lake JR, Emond JC, Roberts JP. Liver transplantation for fulminant hepatic failure. Arch Surg 1993;128:677-82.
66. Schiodt FV, Atillasoy E, Shakil AO, Schiff ER, Caldwell C, Kowdley KV, et al. Etiology and outcome for 295 patients with acute liver failure in the United States. Liver Transpl 1999;5:29-34.
67. Ringe B, Lubbe N, Kuse E, Frei U, Pichlmayr R. Total hepatectomy and liver transplantation as two-stage procedure. Ann Surg 1993;218:3-9.
68. Chenard-Neu MP, Boudjema K, Bernuau J, Degott C, Belghiti J, Cherqui D, et al. Auxiliary liver transplantation: regeneration of the native liver and outcome in 30 patients with fulminant hepatic failure-a multicenter European study. Hepatology 1996;23: 1119-27.
69. Silk DB, Trewby PN, Chase RA, Mellon PJ, Hanid MA, Davies M, et al. Treatment of fulminant hepatic failure by polyacrylonitrile-membrane haemodialysis. Lancet 1977;2:1-3.
70. Opolon P. High-permeability membrane hemodialysis and hemofiltration in acute hepatic coma: experimental and clinical results. Artif Organs 1979;3:354-60.
71. Fox IJ, Langnas AN, Fristoe LW, Shaefer MS, Vogel JE, Antonson DL, et al. Successful application of extracorporeal liver perfusion: a technology whose time has come. Am J Gastroenterol 1993;88:1876-81.
72. Wang X, Andersson R. Hepatocyte transplantation: a potential treatment for acute liver failure. Scand J Gastroenterol 1995;30:193-200.
73. Starzl TE, Valdivia LA, Murase N, Demetris AJ, Fontes P, Rao AS, et al. The biological basis of and strategies for clinical xenotransplantation. Immunol Rev 1994;141:213-44.