Gender differences in cognitive abilities: The mediating role of health state and health habits

Intelligence

Volumn 32, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 7-23

  Jorm, Anthony F ^a   Anstey, Kaarin J ^a   Christensen, Helen ^a   Rodgers, Bryan ^a  

^a AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Cognitive abilities; Gender; Health habit

Indexed keywords

CANNABIS;

ADULT; ALCOHOL ABSTINENCE; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTICLE; COGNITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; DEPRESSION; DRUG USE; EDUCATION; FEMALE; HEALTH BEHAVIOR; HEALTH STATUS; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LANGUAGE; LEARNING; LUNG FUNCTION; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; REACTION TIME; SEX DIFFERENCE; SOCIAL ASPECT; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; SYMBOLISM; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; TASK PERFORMANCE; VERBAL COMMUNICATION; WORD RECOGNITION;

EID: 0346723048     PISSN: 01602896     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2003.08.001     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Aluja-Fabregat A. Colom R. Abad F. Juan-Espinosa M. Sex differences in general intelligence defined as g among young adolescents Personality and Individual Differences 28 2000 813-820
2. Baddeley A. Emslie H. Nimmo-Smith I. The Spot-the-Word test 1992 Thames Valley Bury St Edmunds, UK
3. Barrett-Connor E. Palinkas L.A. Low blood pressure and depression in older men: A population based study British Medical Journal 308 1994 446-449
4. Bashore T.R. Ridderinkhof K.R. Older age, traumatic brain injury, and cognitive slowing: Some convergent and divergent findings Psychological Bulletin 128 2002 151-198
5. Blumenthal J.A. Madden D.J. Effects of aerobic exercise training, age, and physical fitness on memory-search performance Psychology and Aging 3 1988 280-285
6. Caldwell T.M. Rodgers B. Jorm A.F. Christensen H. Jacomb P.A. Korten A.E. Lynskey M.T. Patterns of association between alcohol consumption and symptoms of depression and anxiety in young adults Addiction 97 2002 583-594
7. Christensen H. Griffiths K. Mackinnon A. Jacomb P. A quantitative review of cognitive deficits in depression and Alzheimer-type dementia Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 3 1997 631-651
8. Colom R. Juan-Espinosa M. Abad F. Garcia L.F. Negligible sex differences in general intelligence Intelligence 28 2000 57-68
9. Delis D.C. Kramer J.H. Kaplan E. Ober B.A. California Verbal Learning Test 1987 Psychological Corporation Harcourt Brace Jovanovich San Antonio
10. Dustman R.E. Ruhling R.O. Russell E.M. Shearer D.E. Bonekat H.W. Shigeoka J.W. Wood J.S. Bradford D.C. Aerobic exercise training and improved neuropsychological function of older individuals Neurobiology of Aging 5 1984 35-42
11. Elias P.K. Elias M.F. D'Agostino R.B. Silbershatz H. Wolf P.A. Alcohol consumption and cognitive performance in the Framingham Heart Study American Journal of Epidemiology 150 1999 580-589
12. Emery C.F. Pedersen N.L. Svartengren M. McClearn G.E. Longitudinal and genetic effects in the relationship between pulmonary function and cognitive performance Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences 53 1998 P311-P317
13. Gispen W.H. Biessels G.J. Cognition and synaptic plasticity in diabetes mellitus Trends in Neurosciences 23 2000 542-549
14. Goldberg D. Bridges K. Duncan-Jones P. Grayson D. Detecting anxiety and depression in general medical settings British Medical Journal 297 1988 897-899
15. Grossi D. Matarese V. Orsini A. Sex differences in adults' spatial and verbal memory span Cortex 16 1980 339-340
16. Gur R.C. Turetsky B.I. Matsui M. Yan M. Bilker W. Hughett P. Gur R.E. Sex differences in brain gray and white matter in healthy young adults: Correlations with cognitive performance Journal of Neuroscience 19 1999 4065-4072
17. Harasty J. Double K.L. Halliday G.M. Kril J.J. McRitchie D.A. Language-associated cortical regions are proportionally larger in the female brain Archives of Neurology 54 1997 171-176
18. Heishman S.J. Behavioral and cognitive effects of smoking: Relationship to nicotine addiction Nicotine and Tobacco Research 1 1999 S143-S147
19. Herlitz A. Airaksinen E. Nordström E. Sex differences in episodic memory: The impact of verbal and visuospatial ability Neuropsychology 13 1999 590-597
20. Herlitz A. Nilsson L. Bäckman L. Gender differences in episodic memory Memory and Cognition 25 1997 801-811
21. Hyde J.S. McKinley N.M. Gender differences in cognition: Results from meta-analyses In Caplan P.J. Crawford M. Hyde J.S. & Richardson J.T.E. (Eds.) Gender differences in human cognition 1997 30-51 Oxford University Press New York
22. Jorm A.F. Christensen H. Griffiths K.M. Rodgers B. Effectiveness of complementary and self-help treatments for depression Medical Journal of Australia 176 2002 S84-S96
23. Kalaria R.N. Ballard C. Stroke and cognition Current Atherosclerosis Reports 3 2001 334-339
24. Levy J. Reid M. Variations in cerebral organization as a function of handedness, hand posture in writing, and sex Journal of Experimental Psychology. General 107 1978 119-144
25. Maccoby E.E. Jacklin C.N. The psychology of sex differences 1974 Stanford University Press Stanford
26. MacKinnon D.P. Lockwood C.M. Hoffman J.M. West S.G. Sheets V. A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects Psychological Methods 7 2002 83-104
27. Madden D.J. Blumenthal J.A. Allen P.A. Emery C.F. Improving aerobic capacity in healthy older adults does not necessarily lead to improved cognitive performance Psychology and Aging 4 1989 307-320
28. McKeever W.F. Hormone and hemisphericity hypotheses regarding cognitive sex differences: Possible future explanatory power, but current empirical chaos Learning and Individual Differences 7 1995 323-340
29. Molloy D.W. Beerschoten D.A. Borrie M.J. Crilly R.G. Cape R.D. Acute effects of exercise on neuropsychological function in elderly subjects Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 36 1988 29-33
30. National Health and Medical Research Council Is there a safe level of daily consumption of alcohol for men and women 1992 Australian Government Publishing Service Canberra
31. Pope H.G. Gruber A.J. Hudson J.I. Huestis M.A. Yurgelun-Todd D. Neuropsychological performance in long-term cannabis users Archives of General Psychiatry 58 2001 909-915
32. Richardson J.T.E. Introduction to the study of gender differences in cognition In Caplan P.J. Crawford M. Hyde J.S. & Richardson J.T.E. (Eds.) Gender differences in human cognition 1997 3-29 Oxford University Press New York
33. Saunders J.B. Aasland O.G. Babor T.F. De La Fuente J.R. Grant M. Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption: II Addiction 88 1993 791-804
34. Schafer J.L. Graham J.W. Missing data: Our view of the state of the art Psychological Methods 7 2002 147-177
35. Smith A. Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) manual 1982 Western Psychological Services Los Angeles
36. Sullivan E.V. Rosenbloom M.J. Pfefferbaum A. Pattern of motor and cognitive deficits in detoxified alcoholic men Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research 24 2000 611-621
37. Svardsudd K. Moderate alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease: Is there evidence for a preventive effect? Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research 22 1998 307S-314S
38. Tarbuck A.F. Paykel E.S. Effects of major depression on the cognitive function of younger and older subjects Psychological Medicine 25 1995 285-295
39. Thomas J.R. French K.E. Gender differences across age in motor performance: A meta-analysis Psychological Bulletin 98 1985 260-282
40. Waldstein S.R. Manuck S.B. Ryan C.M. Muldoon M.F. Neuropsychological correlates of hypertension: Review and methodologic considerations Psychological Bulletin 110 1991 451-468
41. Wechsler D. A standardized memory scale for clinical use Journal of Psychology 19 1945 87-95
42. Yaffe K. Barnes D. Nevitt M. Lui L. Covinsky K. A prospective study of physical activity and cognitive decline in elderly women: Women who walk Archives of Internal Medicine 161 2001 1703-1708