Do Means Matter? Differences in Characteristics of Finnish Suicide Completers Using Different Methods

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease

Volumn 191, Issue 11, 2003, Pages 745-750

  Pirkola, Sami ^a   Isometsä, Erkki ^a   Lönnqvist, Jouko ^a  

^a NATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE   (Finland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ALCOHOL INTOXICATION; ARTICLE; AUTOPSY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; EXHAUST GAS; FEMALE; FINLAND; GUNSHOT INJURY; HUMAN; INTOXICATION; MALE; METHODOLOGY; PRESCRIPTION; PREVENTION; PSYCHIATRIC TREATMENT; PSYCHOLOGIC ASSESSMENT; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEX RATIO; SOCIOECONOMICS; SUICIDE; SUICIDE ATTEMPT; VICTIM;

ADULT; ALCOHOLISM; DEMOGRAPHY; ETHANOL; FEMALE; FINLAND; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; LIFE CHANGE EVENTS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RECURRENCE; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; SUICIDE; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 0345714879     PISSN: 00223018     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.nmd.0000095127.16296.c1     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Appleby L, Cooper J, Amos T, Faragher B (1999) Psychological autopsy of suicides by people under 35. Br J Psychiatry. 175:168-174.
2. Baca-Garcia E, Diaz-Sastre C, Basurte E, Prieto R, Ceverino A, Saiz-Ruiz J, de Leon J (2001) A prospective study of the paradoxical relationship between impulsivity and lethality of suicide attempts. J Clin Psychiatry. 62:560-564.
3. Blumenthal SJ (1990) An overview and synopsis and risk factors, assessment, and treatment of suicidal patients over the life cycle. In SJ Blumenthal and DJ Kupfer (Eds), Suicide Over the Life Cycle: Risk Factors, Assessment, and Treatment of Suicidal Patients (pp. 685-733). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
4. Cantor CH, Baume PJ (1998) Access to methods of suicide: what impact? Aust NZ J Psychiatry. 32:8-14.
5. Conner KR, Conwell Y, Duberstein PR (2001) The validity of proxy-based data in suicide research: a study of patients 50 years of age and older who attempt suicide. II. Life events, social support and suicidal behavior. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 104:452-457.
6. De Leo D, Evans R, Neulinger K (2002) Hanging, firearm, and non-domestic gas suicides among males: a comparative study. Aust NZ J Psychiatry. 36:183-189.
7. de Moore GM, Robertson AR (1999) Suicide attempts by firearms and by leaping from heights: a comparative study of survivors. Am J Psychiatry. 156:1425-1431.
8. Farmer RD (1979) Suicide by different methods. Postgraduate Medical Journal. 55:775-779.
9. Harris EC, Barraclough B (1997) Suicide as an outcome for mental disorders. Br J Psychiatry. 170:205-228.
10. Hawton K, Ware C, Mistry H, Hewitt J, Kingsbury S, Roberts D, Weitzel H (1996) Paracetamol self-poisoning: characteristics, prevention and harm reduction. Br J Psychiatry. 168:43-48.
11. Hawton K, Harriss L, Simkin S, Juszczak E, Appleby L, McDonnell R, Amos T, Kiernan K, Parrott H (2000) Effect of death of Diana, Princess of Wales on suicide and deliberate self-harm. Br J Psychiatry. 177:463-466.
12. Heikkinen M, Aro H, Lönnqvist J (1994) Recent life events, social support and suicide. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 89(suppl):65-72.
13. Heikkinen ME, Isometsä ET, Marttunen MJ, Aro HM, Lönnqvist JK (1995) Social factors in suicide. Br J Psychiatry. 167:747-753.
14. Henriksson MM, Aro HM, Marttunen MJ, Heikkinen ME, Isometsä ET, Kuoppasalmi KI, Lönnqvist JK (1993) Mental disorders and comorbidity in suicide. Am J Psychiatry. 150:935-940.
15. Hintikka J, Lehtonen J, Viinamäki H (1997) Hunting guns in homes and suicides in 15-24-year-old males in Eastern Finland. Aust NZ J Psychiatry. 31:858-861.
16. Isometsä ET, Henriksson MM, Aro HM, Heikkinen ME, Kuoppasalmi KI, Lönnqvist JK (1994) Suicide in major depression. Am J Psychiatry. 151:530-536.
17. Isometsä E, Heikkinen M, Henriksson M, Aro H, Lönnqvist J (1995) Recent life events and completed suicide in bipolar affective disorder. A comparison with major depressive suicides. J Affect Disord. 33:99-106.
18. Isometsä E, Lönnqvist J (1998) Suicide attempts preceding completed suicide. Br J Psychiatry. 173:531-535.
19. Kelly TM, Mann JJ (1996) Validity of DSM-III-R diagnosis by psychological autopsy: a comparison with clinician ante-mortem diagnosis. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 94:337-343.
20. Klerman GL (1987) Clinical epidemiology of suicide. J Clin Psychiatry. 48:33-38.
21. Marttunen MJ, Aro HM, Henriksson MM, Lönnqvist JK (1991) Mental disorders in adolescent suicide. DSM-III-R Axes I and II diagnoses in suicides among 13- to 19-year-olds in Finland. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 48:834-839.
22. Marzuk P, Leon A, Tardiff K, Morgan EB, Stajic M, Mann JJ (1992) The effect of access to lethal methods of injury on suicide rates. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 49:451-458.
23. Moens GFG, Loysch MJM (1989) Recent trends in methods of suicide. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 79:207-215.
24. Nielsen A, Stenager E, Bille-Brahe U (1993) Attempted suicide, suicidal intent, and alcohol. Crisis 14:32-38.
25. Öhberg A, Lönnqvist J, Sarna S, Vuori E, Penttilä A (1995) Trends and availability of suicide methods in Finland: proposals for restrictive measures. Br J Psychiatry. 166:35-43.
26. Öhberg A, Lönnqvist J, Sarna S, Vuori E, Penttilä A (1995) Trends and availability of suicide methods in Finland. Proposals for restrictive measures. Br J Psychiatry. 166:35-43.
27. Paykel ES, Myers JK, Dienelt MN, Klerman GL, Lindenthal JJ, Pepper MP (1969) Life events and depression: a controlled study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 21:753-760.
28. Pirkola S, Isometsä E, Heikkinen M, Lönnqvist J (1997) Employment status influences the weekly patterns of suicide among alcohol misusers. Alc Clin Exp Res. 21:1704-1706.
29. Pirkola S, Isometsä E, Heikkinen M, Lönnqvist J (2000) Suicides of alcohol misusers and non-misusers in a nationwide population. Alcohol Alcoholism. 35:70-75.
30. Rahe RH (1977) Epidemiological studies of life change and illness. In: ZJ Lipowski et al. (Eds), Psychosomatic Medicine. Current Trends and Clinical Applications (pp 421-434). New York: Oxford University Press.
31. Schapira K, Linsley KR, Linsley JA, Kelly TP, Kay DW (2001) Relationship of suicide rates to social factors and availability of lethal methods: comparison of suicide in Newcastle upon Tyne and 1985-1994. Br J Psychiatry. 178:458-464.
32. Shneidman ES (1981) The psychological autopsy. Suicide Life Threat Behav. 11:325-340.
33. Skopek MA, Perkins R (1998) Deliberate exposure to motor vehicle exhaustion gas: the psychosocial profile of attempted suicide. Aust NZ J Psychiatry. 32:830-838.
34. Suominen K, Isometsä E, Henriksson M, Ostamo A, Lönnqvist J (1997) Hopelessness, impulsiveness and intent among suicide attempters with major depression, alcohol dependence or both. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 96:142-149.
35. van Heeringen K, Hawton K, Williams JMG (2000) Pathways to suicide: an integrated approach. In K Hawton and K van Heeringen (Eds), The International Handbook of Suicide and Attempted Suicide. Chichester: John Wiley, Sons.
36. Wilkinson D, Gunnell D (2000) Comparison of trends in method-specific suicide rates in Australia and England, Wales. Aust NZ J Public Health. 24:153-157.
37. Wintemute GJ, Parham CA, Beaumont JJ, Wright M, Drake C (1999) Mortality among recent purchasers of handguns. NE J Med. 341:1583-1589.