Employment status influences the weekly patterns of suicide among alcohol misusers

Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research

Volumn 21, Issue 9, 1997, Pages 1704-1706

  Pirkola, Sami ^a   Isometsä, Erkki ^a   Heikkinen, Martti ^a   Lönnqvist, Jouko ^a  

^a NATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE   (Finland)

Author keywords

Alcohol in the Blood; Alcohol Misuse; Employment Status; Weekday vs. Weekend

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL;

ALCOHOL ABUSE; ALCOHOL BLOOD LEVEL; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ALCOHOL INTOXICATION; ARTICLE; DRINKING BEHAVIOR; EMPLOYMENT; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; SUICIDE;

EID: 0031473849     PISSN: 01456008     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1997.tb04510.x     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Murphy GE, Wetzcl RD, Robins E, McEvoy L: Multiple risk factors predict suicide in alcoholism. Arch Gen Psychiatry 49:459-463, 1992
2. Robins E, Murphy GE, Wilkinson RH, Gassner S, Kayes J: Some clinical considerations in the prevention of suicide based on a study of 134 successful suicides. Am J Public Health 49:888-899, 1959
3. Dorpat TL, Ripley HS: A study of suicide in the Seattle area. Compr Psychiatry 1:349-359, 1960
4. Barraclough BM, Bunch J, Nelson B, Sainsbury P: A hundred cases of suicide: Clinical aspects. Br J Psychiatry 125:355-373, 1974
5. Hagnell O, Rorsman B: Suicide in the Lunby Study: A comparative investigation of clinical aspects. Neuropsychobiology 5:61-73, 1979
6. Chynoweth R, Tonge JI, Armstrong J: Suicide in Brisbane: A retrospective psychosocial study. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 14:37-45, 1980
7. Rich CL, Young D, Fowler RC: San Diego Suicide Study. I. Young vs old subjects. Arch Gen Psychiatry 43:577-582, 1986
8. Arato M, Demeter E, Rihmer Z, Somogyi E: Retrospective psychiatric assessment of 200 suicides in Budapest. Acta Psychiatr Scand 77: 454-456, 1988
9. Henriksson MM, Aro HM, Marttunen MJ, Heikkinen ME, Isometsä ET, Kuoppasalmi KI, Lönnqvist JK: Mental disorders and comorbidity in suicide. Am J Psychiatry 150:935-940, 1993
10. Cheng AT: Mental illness and suicide. A case-control study in east Taiwan. Arch Gen Psychiatry 52:594-603, 1995
11. Murphy GE, Wetzel RD: The lifetime risk of suicide in alcoholism. Arch Gen Psychiatry 47:383-392, 1990
12. Heikkinen M, Aro H, Lônnqvist J: Recent life-events and their role in suicide as seen by the spouses. Acta Psychiatr Scand 86:489-494, 1992
13. Hagnell O, Rorsman B: Suicide in the Lundby study: A controlled prospective investigation of stressful life events. Neuropsychobiology 6:31932, 19SO
14. Schuckit MA: Alcohol and depression: A clinical perspective. Acta Psychiatr Scand SuppI 377:28-32, 1994
15. Tamerin JS, Mendelson JH: The psychodynamics of chronic inebriation: Observations of alcoholics during the process of drinking in an experimental group setting. Am J Psychiatry 125:886-899, 1969
16. Mayfield DG, Montgomery D: Alcoholism, alcohol intoxication, and suicide attempts. Arch Gen Psychiatry 27:349-353, 1972
17. Mayfield DG: Alcohol and affect: Expérimental studies, in Goodwin DG, Erickson CK (eds): Alcoholism and Affective Disorders: Clinical, Genetic, and Biochemical Studies. Jamaica, NY, Spectrum, 1979, pp 99-107
18. Hawton K, Fagg J, McKeown SP: Alcoholism, alcohol and attempted suicide. Alcohol Alcohol 24:3-9, 1989
19. Cornelius JR, Salloum IM, Day NL, Thase ME, Mann JJ: Patterns of suicidality and alcohol use ïn alcoholics with major depression. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 20:1451-1455, 1996
20. MacMahon K: Short-term temporal cycles in the frequency of suicide, United States, 1972-1978. Am J Epidemiol 117:744-750, 1983
21. Kevan SM: Perspectives, on season of suicide: A review. SoC Sei Med 14:369-378, 1980
22. Chew KS, McCleary R: A life course theory of suicide risk. Suicide Life-Threat Behav 24:234-244, 1994
23. Lester D: Temporal variation in suicide and homicide. Am J Epidemiol 109:517-520, 1979
24. Schmidtke A: Suicidal behaviour on railways in the FRG. Soc Sei Med 38:419-426, 1994
25. Massin W, Angermeyer MC: The monthly and weekly distribution of suicide. Soc Sei Med 21:433-441, 1985
26. Smith SM, Goodman RÄ, Thacker SB, Burton AH, Parsons JE, Hudson P: Alcohol and fatal injuries: Temporal patterns. Am J Prev Med 5:296-302, 1989
27. Poikolainen K: Heavy alcohol use and seasonal variation of suicide rates. Psychiatr Soc Sei 1982;2:115-117
28. Pritchard C: Is there a link between suicide in young men and unemployment? A comparison of the UK with other European community countries. Br J Psychiatry 160:750-756, 1992
29. Kessler RC, Turner JB, House J: Intervening processes in the relationship between unemployment and health. Psychol Med 17:949-961,1987
30. Fergusson DM, Honvood LJ, Lynskey MT: The effects of unemployment on psychiatric illness during young adulthood. Psychol Med 27:371-381, 1997
31. Bebbington P, Hurry J, Tennant C, Sturt E, Wing JK: Epidemiology of mental disorders in Camberwell. Psychol Med 11:561-579, 1981
32. Platt S: Unemployment and suicidal behaviour: A review of the literature. Soc Sei Med 19:93-115, 1984
33. Marttunen M, Aro H, Henriksson M, Lônnqvist J: Mental disorders in adolescent suicide. DSM-III-R axes I and II diagnoses in suicides among 13to 19-year olds in Finland. Arch Gen Psychiatry 48:834-839, 1991
34. Heikkinen ME, Isometsä ET, Marttunen MJ, Aro HM, Lônnqvist JK: Social factors in suicide. Br J Psychiatry 167:747-753, 1995
35. Norusis MJSPSS, Inc.: SPSS for Windows. Advanced Statistics, Version 6.0. Cary, NC, SPSS, Inc., 1993
36. Andreasen NC, Rice J, Endicott J, Reich T, Coryell W: The family history approach to diagnosis: How useful is it? Arch Gen Psychiatry 43:421-429, 1986
37. Cohen PR: The effects of instruments and informants on ascertainment, in Dunner DL, Gershon ES, Barret JE (eds): Relatives at Risk for Mental Disorders. New York, Raven Press; 1988