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For vinyl sulfones, see: (d) Simpkins, N. S. Tetrahedron 1990, 46, 6951. For dienyl sulfones, see:
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0034805394
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For examples of other types of synthetic applications involving conjugate additions of amines to vinyl sulfones, see: (a) Caldwell, J. J.; Craig, D.; East, S. P. Synlett 2001, 1602.
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(c) Toyooka, N.; Yotsui, Y.; Yoshida, Y.; Momose, T.; Nemoto, H. Tetrahedron 1999, 55, 15209.
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(e) de Vicente, J.; Arrayás, R. G.; Cañada, J.; Carretero, J. C. Synlett 2000, 53.
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18
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0031903915
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and references therein
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(g) Zhou, F.; Rosen, J.; Zebrowski-Young, J. M.; Freihammer, P. M.; Detty, M. R.; Lachicotte, R. J. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 5403 and references therein.
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Lachicotte, R.J.6
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19
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0030963052
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Amino alcohols 2a-c were prepared by the same method as reported for 2a: Hsiao, Y.; Hegedus, L. S. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 3586.
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0141843416
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For the preparation of 1a, see: (a) Brace, N. O. J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 4506.
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Brace, N.O.1
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0344759764
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note
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(b) Sulfone 1b was prepared by the same procedure as 1a, using 1,2-dibromopropane as the starting material.
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22
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0007631397
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(c) Sulfone 1c was obtained by the method of Reich and Peake: Reich, H. J.; Peake, S. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 4888.
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Reich, H.J.1
Peake, S.L.2
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23
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49549126692
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Desulfonylation was effected via the method of Trost et al.: Trost, B. M.; Arndt, H. C.; Strege, P. E.; Vehoeven, T. R. Tetrahedron Lett. 1976, 3477.
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Trost, B.M.1
Arndt, H.C.2
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Vehoeven, T.R.4
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25
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0026499635
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(b) Di Cesare, P.; Bouzard, D.; Essiz, M.; Jacquet, J. P.; Ledoussal, B. ; Kiechel, J. R.; Remuzon, P.; Kessler, R. E.; Fung-Tomc, J.; Desiderio, J. J. Med. Chem. 1992, 35, 4205.
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Kessler, R.E.8
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26
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(c) Chelucci, G.; Saba, A. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 78.
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Chelucci, G.1
Saba, A.2
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27
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0000620959
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Compound 14b with unspecified stereochemistry has been reported previously: Padwa, A.; Kline, D. N.; Murphree, S. S.; Yeske, P. E. J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 298.
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84981810418
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(b) Crist, D. R.; Leonard, N. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1969, 8, 962.
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(b) Kerwin, J. F.; Ullyot, G. E.; Fuson, R. C.; Zirkle, C. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 2961.
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Ullyot, G.E.2
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Zirkle, C.L.4
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33
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0026572789
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N2 reactions of the presumed chlorosulfite intermediate. For the regio- and stereoselectivity of other reactions of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine with nucleophiles via aziridinium ion intermediates, see: Dieter, R. K.; Deo, N.; Lagu, B.; Dieter, J. W. J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 1663.
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Dieter, J.W.4
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34
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0020059535
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For a precedent where the ring-opening of an aziridinium ion that is fused to a six-membered ring occurs at the less substituted site with chloride ion and other nucleophiles, see: Evans, D. A.; Mitch, C. H. Tetrahedron Lett. 1982, 23, 285.
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Evans, D.A.1
Mitch, C.H.2
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35
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37049045874
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For some earlier studies of elimination-addition reactions of bis-sulfones similar to 25, see: Kader, A. T.; Stirling, C. J. M. J. Chem. Soc. 1962, 3686.
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Kader, A.T.1
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37049122990
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The rate of addition of piperidine to sulfone 1b is greater than that to 1c; see: McDowell, S. T.; Stirling, C. J. M. J. Chem. Soc. B 1967, 351. However, these relative rates may be reversed with substituted piperidines such as 11a and 11b because of the additional steric interaction between the piperidine substituent and the β-methyl group of 1b.
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J. Chem. Soc. B
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McDowell, S.T.1
Stirling, C.J.M.2
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37
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0344327721
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note
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We note that the additions of amines 11a and 11b to 1b provided yields of only 29% and 26% of the rearranged adducts 22a and 22b, even after 3 and 4 days, respectively, in refluxing xylenes. Extensive decomposition of the amine starting materials was observed during this time, along with the gradual appearance of 1c and 1d. On the other hand, the direct addition of 2a to 1b was considerably more facile and proceeded even in the lower boiling solvent 2-propanol to afford 50% of 19 after refluxing for only 1 day. When refluxed in xylenes, the reaction was largely complete in less than 1 day and proceeded cleanly to form 19 in 91% yield after 2 days.
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