Severe pneumonia: When and why to hospitalize

Postgraduate Medicine

Volumn 105, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 117-129

  Kohler, Richard B ^a  

^a INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; AZITHROMYCIN; BETA LACTAM ANTIBIOTIC; BETA LACTAMASE INHIBITOR; CARBAPENEM; CEFEPIME; CEFOTAXIME; CEFTRIAXONE; CLINDAMYCIN; GREPAFLOXACIN; LEVOFLOXACIN; MACROLIDE; METRONIDAZOLE; PENICILLIN G; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; SPARFLOXACIN; TROVAFLOXACIN;

CONFERENCE PAPER; DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH ROUTE; DISEASE SEVERITY; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; MEDICAL ASSESSMENT; MORTALITY; PATIENT CARE; PATIENT SELECTION; PNEUMONIA; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; TREATMENT PLANNING;

HOSPITALIZATION; HUMANS; PNEUMONIA, BACTERIAL;

EID: 0344959489     PISSN: 00325481     EISSN: 19419260     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3810/pgm.1999.04.669     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Fine MJ, Auble TE, Yealy DM, et al. A prediction rule to identify low-risk patients with community-acquired pneumonia. N Engl J Med 1997; 336 (4): 243 – 50
2. Bartlett JG, Breiman RF, Mandell LA, et al, for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Community-acquired pneumonia in adults: guidelines for management. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 26 (4): 811 – 38
3. Marrie TJ. Community-acquired pneumonia: epidemiology, etiology, treatment. Infect Dis Clin North Am 1998; 12 (3): 723 – 40
4. Aubier M, Verster R, Regamey C, et al, for the Sparfloxacin European Study Group. Once-daily Sparfloxacin versus high-dosage amoxicillin in the treatment of community-acquired, suspected pneumococcal pneumonia in adults. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 26 (6): 1312 – 20
5. Zervos M, Nelson M, for the Cefepime Study Group. Cefepime versus ceftriaxone for empiric treatment of hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42 (4): 729 – 33
6. Genne D, Siegrist HH, Humair L, et al. Clarithromycin versus amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in the treatment of community- acquired pneumonia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1997; 16 (11): 783 – 8
7. Portier H, May T, Proust A, for the French Study Group. Comparative efficacy of Sparfloxacin in comparison with amoxycillin plus ofloxacin in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. J Antimicrob Chemother 1996; 37 Suppl A: 83 – 91
8. Plouffe JF, Herbert MT, File TM Jr, et al, for the Pneumonia Study Group. Ofloxacin versus standard therapy in treatment of community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996; 40 (5): 1175 – 9
9. Bohte R, van't Wout JW, Lobatto S, et al. Efficacy and safety of azithromycin versus benzylpenicillin or erythromycin in community- acquired pneumonia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1995; 14 (3): 182 – 7
10. Williams D, Perri M, Zervos MJ. Randomized comparative trial with ampicillin/sulbactam versus cefamandole in the therapy of community acquired pneumonia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1994; 13 (4): 293 – 8
11. Shlaes DM, Baughman R, Boylen CT, et al. Piperacillin/tazobactam compared with ticarcillin/clavulanate in community- acquired bacterial lower respiratory tract infection. J Antimicrob Chemother 1994; 34 (4): 565 – 77
12. Ortqvist A, Valtonen M, Cars O, et al, for the Scandinavian Sparfloxacin Study Group. Oral empiric treatment of community- acquired pneumonia: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized study comparing Sparfloxacin with roxithromycin. Chest 1996; 110 (6): 1499 – 506
13. File TM Jr, Segreti J, Dunbar L, et al. A multicenter, randomized study comparing the efficacy and safety of intravenous and/or oral levofloxacin versus ceftriaxone and/or cefuroxime axetil in treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41 (9): 1965 – 72
14. Niedertnan MS, Bass JB Jr, Campbell GD, et al. Guidelines for the initial management of adults with community-acquired pneumonia: diagnosis, assessment of severity, and initial antimicrobial therapy. American Thoracic Society. Medical Section of the American Lung Association. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 148 (5): 1418 – 26
15. Plouffe JF, McNally C, File TM Jr. Value of noninvasive studies in community-acquired pneumonia. Infect Dis Clin North Am 1998; 12 (3): 689 – 99, ix
16. Reed WW, Byrd GS, Gates RH Jr, et al. Sputum Gram's stain in community-acquired pneumococcal pneumonia: a meta-analysis. West J Med 1996; 165 (4): 197 – 204
17. Rein MF, Gwaltney JM Jr, O'Brien WM, et al. Accuracy of Gram's stain in identifying pneumococci in sputum. JAMA 1978; 239 (25): 2671 – 3
18. Kohler RB. Update on legionnaires' disease: how to make the diagnosis; how best to treat. J Crit Illness 1993; 8: 771 – 8
19. Chalasani NP, Valdecanas MA, Gopal AK, et al. Clinical utility of blood cultures in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia without defined underlying risks. Chest 1995; 108 (4): 932 – 6