Thermal roughness length of a boreal forest

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Volumn 98-99, Issue , 1999, Pages 659-670

  Mölder, Meelis ^a   Lindroth, Anders ^b  

^a UPPSALA UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Excess resistance; Picea abies; Pinus sylvestris; Profile measurements; Roughness sublayer; Surface radiation temperature; Turbulent fluxes

Indexed keywords

BOREAL FOREST; BOUNDARY LAYER; ROUGHNESS; SURFACE LAYER; TEMPERATURE;

SWEDEN;

ABIES; PICEA; PICEA ABIES; PINUS SYLVESTRIS;

EID: 0343621498     PISSN: 01681923     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0168-1923(99)00132-X     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Anton Ya.A., Ross Yu.K. Emissivity of a soil-vegetation system. Sovjet Journal of Remote Sensing. 7:1990;859-869.
2. Arp G.K., Phinney D.E. Ecological variations in thermal infrared emissivity of vegetation. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 20:1980;135-148.
3. Brutsaert, W., 1982. Evaporation into the Atmosphere. Reidel, Dordrecht.
4. Cellier P., Brunet Y. Flux-gradient relationships above tall plant canopies. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 58:1992;93-117.
5. Duynkerke P.G. The roughness length for heat and other vegetation parameters for a surface of short grass. Journal of Applied Meteorology. 31:1992;579-586.
6. Feigelson, E.M., 1970. Radiative Heat Exchange and Clouds. Hydrometeorol. Press, Leningrad, Russia (in Russian).
7. François C., Ottlé C., Prévot L. Analytical parameterization of canopy directional emissivity and directional radiance in the thermal infrared. Application on the retrieval of soil and foliage temperatures using two directional measurements. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 18:1997;2587-2621.
8. Garratt, J.R., 1992. The Atmospheric Boundary Layer. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
9. Garratt J.R. Sensitivity of climate simulations to land-surface and atmospheric boundary-layer treatments - a review. Journal of Climatology. 6:1993;419-449.
10. Garratt J.R., Francey R.J. Bulk characteristics of heat transfer in the unstable baroclinic atmospheric boundary layer. Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 15:1978;399-421.
11. Garratt J.R., Hicks B.B. Momentum, heat, heat and water vapour transfer to and from natural and artificial surfaces. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 99:1973;680-687.
12. Grelle, A., 1997. Long-term water and carbon dioxide fluxes from a boreal forest: Methods and applications, Ph.D. Thesis. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae, Silvestria 28.
13. Grelle, A., Lindroth, A., 1999. Forest surface energy budget in relation to season, stand development, soil moisture and climate (BGF 1). Agric. For. Meteorol. 98-99: Documented dataset on appended CD.
14. Heilman J.L., Kanemasu E.T. An evaluation of a resistance form of the energy balance to estimate evapotranspiration. Agronomy Journal. 68:1976;607-611.
15. Hicks B.B., Hyson P., Moore C.J. A study of eddy fluxes over a forest. Journal of Applied Meteorology. 14:1975;58-66.
16. x fluxes over grassland. Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 34:1986;103-121.
17. Holtslag A.A.M., Ek M. Simulation of surface fluxes and boundary layer development over the pine forest in HAPEX-MOBILHY. Journal of Applied Meteorology. 35:1996;202-213.
18. Huband N.D.S., Monteith J.L. Radiative surface temperature and energy balance of a wheat canopy I. Comparison of radiative and aerodynamic canopy temperature. Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 36:1986;1-17.
19. Högström U. Non-dimensional wind and temperature profiles in the atmospheric surface layer: a re-evaluation. Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 42:1988;55-78.
20. Jacquemin B., Noilhan J. Sensitivity study and validation of a land surface parameterization using the HAPEX-MOBILHY data set. Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 52:1990;93-134.
21. Jarvis, P.G., James, G.B., Landsberg, J.J., 1976. Coniferous forest. In: Monteith, J.L. (Ed.), Vegetation and the Atmosphere, vol. 2, Academic Press, London.
22. Jensen N.O., Hummelshøj P. Derivation of canopy resistance for water vapour fluxes over a spruce forest, using a new technique for the viscous sublayer resistance. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 73:1995;339-352.
23. Kohsiek W., de Bruin H.A.R., The H., van den Hurk B. Estimation of the sensible heat flux of a semi-arid area using surface radiative temperature measurements. Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 63:1993;213-230.
24. Kubota A., Sugita M. Radiometrically determined skin temperature and scalar roughness to estimate surface heat flux. Part I: Parameterization of radiometric scalar roughness. Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 70:1994;397-416.
25. Kustas W.P., Choudhury B.J., Moran M.S., Reginato R.J., Jackson R.D., Gay L.W., Weaver H.L. Determination of sensible heat flux over sparse canopy using thermal infrared data. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 44:1989;197-216.
26. Lagouarde J.P., Kerr Y.H., Brunet Y. An experimental study of angular effects on surface temperature for various plant canopies and bare soils. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 77:1995;167-190.
27. Lorenz, D., Baumgartner, A., 1970. Oberflächentemperatur und Transmission infraroter Strahlung in einem Fichtenwald. Archiv für Meteorologie und Geophysik und Bioklimatologie Ser. B, 18, 305-324 (in German).
28. Mahrt L., Ek M. Spatial variability of turbulent fluxes and roughness lengths in HAPEX-MOBILHY. Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 65:1993;381-400.
29. Mahrt L., Sun J., MacPherson J.I., Jensen N.O., Desjardins R.L. Formulation of surface heat flux: application to BOREAS. Journal of Geophysical Research. 102(D24):1997;29641-29649.
30. McNaughton K.G., van den Hurk B.J.J.M. A 'Lagrangian' revision of the resistors in the two-layer model for calculating the energy budget of a plant canopy. Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 74:1995;261-288.
31. Mölder M. Parameterization of exchange processes over a barley field. Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 84:1997;341-361.
32. Mölder, M., Grelle, A., Lindroth, A., Halldin, S., 1999a. Flux-profile relationships over a boreal forest - roughness sublayer corrections. Agric. For. Meteorol. 98-99, 645-658.
33. Mölder, M., Halldin, S., Lindroth, A., 1999b. Characterization of the lowest 100 m of the boundary layer and the radiation budget of the surface. Agric. For. Meteorol. 98-99. Documented of dataset of appended CD.
34. 2, and temperature profiles in and above a forest - accuracy assessment of an unattended measurement system. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, accepted for publication.
35. Paltridge, G.W., Platt, C.M.R., 1976. Radiative Processes in Meteorology and Climatology. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
36. Physick W.L., Garratt J.R. Incorporation of a high-roughness lower boundary into a mesoscale model for studies of dry deposition over complex terrain. Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 74:1995;55-71.
37. Rubio E., Caselles V., Badenas C. Emissivity measurements of several soils and vegetation types in the 8-14 μm wave band: analysis of two field methods. Remote Sensing of Environment. 59:1997;490-521.
38. Salisbury J.W., D'Aria D.M. Emissivity of terrestrial materials in the 8-14 μm atmospheric window. Remote Sensing of Environment. 42:1992;83-106.
39. Stewart J.B. Turbulent surface fluxes derived from radiometric surface temperature of sparse prairie grass. Journal of Geophysical Research. 100(D12):1995;25429-25433.
40. Stewart J.B., Kustas W.P., Humes K.S., Nichols W.D., Moran M.S., de Bruin H.A.R. Sensible heat flux - radiometric surface temperature relationship for eight semiarid areas. Journal of Applied Meteorology. 33:1994;1110-1117.
41. Stewart J.B., Thom A.S. Energy budgets in pine forest. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 99:1973;154-170.
42. Sun J., Mahrt L. Relationship of surface heat flux to microscale temperature variations: application to BOREAS. Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 76:1995;291-301.
43. Svendsen H., Jensen H.E., Jensen S.E., Mogensen V.O. The effect of clear sky radiation on crop surface temperature determined by thermal thermometry. Agric. For. Meteorol. 50:1990;239-243.
44. Thom A.S. Momentum, mass, and heat exchange of vegetation. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 98:1972;124-134.
45. Thomas G., Rowntree P.R. The boreal forests and climate. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 118:1992;469-497.
46. -1 parameter. Journal of Hydrology. 188/189:1997;815-838.
47. -1 for sparse vegetation. Journal of Applied Meteorology. 36:1997;560-572.
48. Wieringa J. Representative roughness parameters for homogeneous terrain. Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 63:1993;323-363.