The Kurdish Conflict in Turkey: Issues, Parties and Prospects

Security Dialogue

Volumn 28, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 439-452

  Beriker Atiyas, Nimet ^a,b  

^a BILKENT UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

^b GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0342444999     PISSN: 09670106     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0967010697028004005     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. For the history of the conflict, see Henri Barkey, 'Turkey's Kurdish Dilemma', Survival, vol. 35, no. 4, 1993, pp. 51-70; Michael Gunter, 'The Kurdish Problem in Turkey', Middle East Journal, vol. 42, no. 3, 1988, pp. 389-406; Omer Faruk Genckaya, 'The Kurdish Issue in Turkish Politics: An Overview', Islamic World Review, vol. 1, no. 3, 1996, pp. 94-101.
2. For the history of the conflict, see Henri Barkey, 'Turkey's Kurdish Dilemma', Survival, vol. 35, no. 4, 1993, pp. 51-70; Michael Gunter, 'The Kurdish Problem in Turkey', Middle East Journal, vol. 42, no. 3, 1988, pp. 389-406; Omer Faruk Genckaya, 'The Kurdish Issue in Turkish Politics: An Overview', Islamic World Review, vol. 1, no. 3, 1996, pp. 94-101.
3. For the history of the conflict, see Henri Barkey, 'Turkey's Kurdish Dilemma', Survival, vol. 35, no. 4, 1993, pp. 51-70; Michael Gunter, 'The Kurdish Problem in Turkey', Middle East Journal, vol. 42, no. 3, 1988, pp. 389-406; Omer Faruk Genckaya, 'The Kurdish Issue in Turkish Politics: An Overview', Islamic World Review, vol. 1, no. 3, 1996, pp. 94-101.
4. Milliyet, 17 August 1996. For the details of the changing positions of the PKK see Kemal Kirisci & M. Winrow, The Kurdish Question and Turkey: An Example of Trans-State Ethnic Conflict (London: Frank Cass, 1997).
5. Milliyet, 17 August 1996. For the details of the changing positions of the PKK see Kemal Kirisci & M. Winrow, The Kurdish Question and Turkey: An Example of Trans-State Ethnic Conflict (London: Frank Cass, 1997).
6. Hasan Cemal, Sabah, 28 July 1996; Dogu Ergil, Daily News, 28 July 1997; Kirisci & Winrow, The Kurdish Question.
7. Hasan Cemal, Sabah, 28 July 1996; Dogu Ergil, Daily News, 28 July 1997; Kirisci & Winrow, The Kurdish Question.
8. Hasan Cemal, Sabah, 28 July 1996; Dogu Ergil, Daily News, 28 July 1997; Kirisci & Winrow, The Kurdish Question.
9. Radikal, 5 December 1996.
10. Nur Bilge Criss,'The Nature of PKK Terrorism in Turkey', Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, vol. 18, 1995, pp. 17-37; Yalcin Dogan, Milliyet, 11 November 1996; Sabah, 23 February, 1997.
11. Nur Bilge Criss,'The Nature of PKK Terrorism in Turkey', Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, vol. 18, 1995, pp. 17-37; Yalcin Dogan, Milliyet, 11 November 1996; Sabah, 23 February, 1997.
12. Nur Bilge Criss,'The Nature of PKK Terrorism in Turkey', Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, vol. 18, 1995, pp. 17-37; Yalcin Dogan, Milliyet, 11 November 1996; Sabah, 23 February, 1997.
13. Yeni Yuzyil, 16 October 1996.
14. The village guard system is a local defence force recruited, armed, and paid by the central authority. It consists of local villagers and is distinct from the army and the police.
15. Milliyet, 11 December, 1996.
16. For a detailed account of the international dimensions of the Kurdish conflict, see Kirisci & Winrow The Kurdish Question.
17. The underlying assumption of this effort is twofold. One is the belief that in any conflict situation a major first step of the third parties - researchers, activists, policy-makers, and conflict resolvers - is to clarify the way in which parties to the conflict identify the issues. This step is seen as crucial to carrying out a sound analysis of the conflict and establishing an ethical basis to any possible intervention. Second, it is assumed that one of the major obstacles to a peaceful solution to the conflict stems from the fact that the parties have different metaphors in perceiving, understanding, and interpreting similar events.
18. Hasan Cemal, Sabah, 28 July 1996.
19. According to this author, this was an important turning-point in the history of the conflict and it represented the end of a policy of denial as regards the Kurdish problem in Turkey.
20. Sedat Ergin, Hurriyet, 5 November 1996.
21. Bulent Ecevit, in a TV program broadcast by ATV, Siyaset Meydani 'The South East', 24 December 1994.
22. From the official election declaration of MHP on the eve of Turkey's general elections of 24 December 1995.
23. Yasemin Ersolak, 'The Kurdish Conflict', unpublished paper (1994), Bilkent University, Department of International Relations.
24. Ibid.
25. Milliyet, 4 November 1996.
26. Radikal, 16 October 1996.
27. DYP Election declaration immediately prior to the general election of 24 December 1995.
28. Dogu Perincek, in a TV program broadcast by ATV, Siyaset Meydani 'The South East', 24 December 1994.
29. Milliyet, 3-4 January 1997, and Yeni Yuzyil, 30 January 1997.
30. Milliyet, 3-4 January 1997, and Yeni Yuzyil, 30 January 1997.
31. Alawites are Anatolian Shiites; the majoiry of the Turkish population is Sunni.
32. From the action program of the Democratic Peace Movement, 'Peace Project: Principles and Goals'.
33. Milliyet, 24 July 1996.
34. See Kirisci & Winrow, The Kurdish Question (note 2 above).
35. Interview with Murat Gedik, Milliyet, 3 September 1996.
36. See Meltem Müftüler-Bac,'Negotiating Kurdish Separatism in Turkey,' in Marc Howard Ross & Jay Rothmans, eds., Theory and Practice in Ethnic Conflict Management: Conceptualizing Success and failure (London and New York, Macmillan, forthcoming).
37. See Genckaya 1996 and Barkey 1993.
38. Ufuk Guldemir, Texas Malatya (Istanbul: Tekin Yayinevi, 1992), p. 407.
39. For a detailed account of the events see Henri Barkey & Graham Fuller, 'Turkey's Kurdish Question: Critical Turning Points and Missed Opportunities', Middle East Journal, vol. 51, no. 1, 1997, pp. 59-79.
40. Christopher Mitchell, Cutting Losses: Reflections on Appropriate Timing. Working Paper, George Mason University, no. 9, March 1996.
41. Izak Atiyas, The Effect of the State's Presence in the Economy on Politics: Notes on the Reform of the State, Paper presented at the 5th National Conference on Quality: Total Quality Management and Quality in Politics, 13-14 November 1996, Istanbul.