Relative influences of current and historical factors on mammal and bird diversity patterns in deglaciated North America

Global Ecology and Biogeography

Volumn 12, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 475-481

  Hawkins, Bradford A ^a   Porter, Eric E ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b U S FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE   (United States)

Author keywords

Birds; Climate change; Diversity gradient; Global warming; Ice Age; Mammals; Recolonization; Spatial autocorrelation; Species richness

Indexed keywords

BIRD; CLIMATE CHANGE; DEGLACIATION; GLOBAL CHANGE; MAMMAL; NEARCTIC REGION; SPECIES DIVERSITY; ZOOGEOGRAPHY; CLIMATE MODELING; CURRENT; GLOBAL WARMING; HISTORY; PLEISTOCENE; RECOLONIZATION; SPECIES RICHNESS;

NORTH AMERICA;

AVES; MAMMALIA; NEARCTIC;

EID: 0242710788     PISSN: 1466822X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1466-822X.2003.00060.x     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Adams, J.M. & Faure, H., eds (1997) Review and atlas of paleovegetation: preliminary land ecosystem maps of the world since the Last Glacial Maximum. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, USA. [online]. URL http://www.esd.ornl.gov/projects/qen/adams1.html.
2. Badgley, C. & Fox, D.L. (2000) Ecological biogeography of North American mammals: species density and ecological structure in relation to environmental gradients. Journal of Biogeography, 27, 1437-1467.
3. Cardillo, M. (1999) Latitude and rates of diversification in birds and butterflies. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 266, 1221-1225.
4. Currie, D.J. (1991) Energy and large-scale patterns of animal- and plant-species richness. American Naturalist, 137, 27-49.
5. Currie, D.J. (2001) Projected effects of climate change on patterns of vertebrate and tree species richness in the conterminous United States. Ecosystems, 4, 216-225.
6. Currie, D.J. & Paquin, V. (1987) Large-scale biogeographical patterns of species richness of trees. Nature, 329, 326-327.
7. Danell, K., Lundberg, P. & Niemelä, P. (1996) Species richness in mammalian herbivores: patterns in the boreal zone. Ecography, 19, 404-409.
8. Diniz-Filho, J.A.F., Bini, L.M. & Hawkins, B.A. (2003) Spatial autocorrelation and red herrings in geographical ecology. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 12, 53-64.
9. Dyke, A.S. & Prest, V.K. (1987) Late Wisconsinan and Holocene history of the Laurentide ice sheet. Géographie Physique et Quaternaire, 41, 237-264.
10. Francis, A.P. & Currie, D.J. (1998) Global patterns of tree species richness in moist forests: another look. Oikos, 81, 598-602.
11. Graham, R.W., Lundelius, E.L., Graham, M.A., Schroeder, E.K., Toomey, R.S., Anderson, E., Barnosky, A.D., Burns, J.A., Churcher, C.S., Grayson, D.K., Guthrie, R.D., Harington, C.R., Jefferson, G.T., Martin, L.D., McDonald, H.G., Morlan, R.E., Semken, H.A., Webb, S.D., Werdelin, L. & Wilson, M.C. (1996) Spatial response of mammals to late Quaternary environmental fluctuations. Science, 272, 1601-1606.
12. Hall, E.R. & Kelson, K.R. (1959) The mammals of North America. 2 Vol. Ronald Press, New York.
13. Hawkins, B.A., Field, R., Cornell, H.V, Currie, D.J., Guégan, J.-F., Kaufman, D.M., Kerr, J.T., Mittelbach, G.G., Oberdorff, T., O'Brien, E.M., Porter, E.E. & Turner, J.R.G. (in press a) Energy, water, and broad-scale geographic patterns of species richness. Ecology, in press.
14. Hawkins, B.A., Porter, E.E. & Diniz-Filho, J.A.F. (in press b) Productivity and history as predictors of the latitudinal diversity gradient of terrestrial birds. Ecology, in press.
15. Heggberget, T.M. (1987) Number and proportion of southern bird species in Norway in relation to latitude, spring temperature and respiration equivalent. Holarctic Ecology, 10, 81-89.
16. Kerr, J.T. (2001) Butterfly species richness patterns in Canada: energy, heterogeneity, and the potential consequences of climatic change. Conservation Ecology, 5, 10. [online] URL: http://www. consecol.org/vol5.iss1/art10.
17. Kerr, J.T. & Packer, L. (1997) Habitat heterogeneity as a determinant of mammal species richness in high-energy regions. Nature, 385, 252-254.
18. Kerr, J.T. & Packer, L. (1999) The environmental basis of North American species richness patterns among Epicauta (Coleoptera: Meloidae). Biodiversity and Conservation, 8, 617-628.
19. Kerr, J.T., Southwood, T.R.E. & Cihlar, J. (2001) Remotely sensed habitat diversity predicts butterfly species richness and community similarity in Canada. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 98, 11365-11370.
20. Kerr, J.T., Vincent, R. & Currie, D.J. (1998) Lepidopteran richness patterns in North America. Ecoscience, 5, 448-453.
21. Latham, R.E. & Ricklefs, R.E. (1993) Global patterns of tree species richness in moist forests - energy-diversity theory does not account for variation in species richness. Oikos, 67, 325-333.
22. Legendre, P. (1993) Spatial autocorrelation: trouble or new paradigm? Ecology, 74, 1659-1673.
23. Legendre, P. & Legendre, L. (1998) Numerical ecology. 2nd English edn. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
24. Lennon, J.J., Greenwood, J.J.D. & Turner, J.R.G. (2000) Bird diversity and environmental gradients in Britain: a test of the species-energy hypothesis. Journal of Animal Ecology, 69, 581-598.
25. McGlone, M.S. (1996) When history matters: scale, time, climate and tree diversity. Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters, 5, 309-314.
26. National Geographic Society. (1999) Field Guide to the Birds of North America, 3rd edn. National Geographic Society, Washington, DC.
27. Parmesan, C., Ryrholm, N., Stefanescu, C., Hill, J.K., Thomas, C.D., Descimon, H., Huntley, B., Kaila, L., Kullberg, J., Tammaur, T., Tennet, W.J., Thomas, J.A. & Warren, M. (1999) Poleward shifts in geographical ranges of butterfly species associated with global warming. Nature, 399, 579-583.
28. Pergamon World Atlas. (1968). Pergamon Press, New York.
29. Pielou, C. (1991) After the Ice Age. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
30. Terent'ev, P.W. (1963) Attempt at application of analysis of variation to the qualitative richness of the fauna of terrestrial vertebrates of the U.S.S.R. Vestnik Leningradskovo Universiteta, 21, 19-26. Translated by E.J. Maly (ed. by E.R. Pianka), Smithsonian Herpetological Information Services, 1968.
31. Wartenberg, D. (1989) SAAP 4.3: spatial autocorrelation analysis program. Exeter Software, New York.
32. Whittaker, R.J. & Field, R. (2000) Tree species richness modelling: an approach of global applicability? Oikos, 89, 399-402.
33. Williams, J.W., Post, D.M., Cwynar, L.C., Lotter, A.F. & Levesque, A.J. (2002) Rapid and widespread vegetation responses to past climate change in the North Atlantic region. Geology, 30, 971-974.
34. Wright, D.H., Currie, D.J. & Maurer, B.A. (1993) Energy supply and patterns of species richness on local and regional scales. Species Diversity in Ecological Communities: Historical and Geographyraphical Perspectives (ed. by R.E. Ricklefs and D. Schluter), pp. 66-74. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.