Resource dispersion and consumer dominance: Scavenging at wolf- and hunter-killed carcasses in Greater Yellowstone, USA

Ecology Letters

Volumn 6, Issue 11, 2003, Pages 996-1003

  Wilmers, Christopher C ^a   Stahler, Daniel R ^b   Crabtree, Robert L ^c   Smith, Douglas W ^b   Getz, Wayne M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b YELLOWSTONE CENTER FOR RESOURCES   (United States)

^c Yellowstone Ecological Research Center   (United States)

Author keywords

Carrion; Community diversity; Foraging behaviour; Resource pulse; Sage grouse; Scavengers; Subsidy; Wolves

Indexed keywords

CANID; DISPERSION; HUNTING; PREDATION; SCAVENGER;

UNITED STATES;

CANIDAE; CANIS; CANIS FAMILIARIS; CANIS LATRANS; CANIS LUPUS; CENTROCERCUS UROPHASIANUS; CICONIIFORMES; CORVUS; CORVUS CORAX; HALIAEETUS; HALIAEETUS LEUCOCEPHALUS; LETHRINIDAE; PHASIANIDAE; SALVIA;

EID: 0242658602     PISSN: 1461023X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1461-0248.2003.00522.x     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Autenrieth, R. (1981). Sage-grouse management in Idaho. In: Idaho Department of Fish and Game Wildlife Bulletin 9, Boise, Idaho.
2. Bekoff, M. & Andrews, R.D. (1978). Coyotes: Biology, Behavior, and Management. Academic Press, New York.
3. Blanchard, B.M. (1987). Size and growth patterns of the Yellowstone grizzly bear. Int. Conf. Bear Res. Manage., 7, 99-107.
4. Buehler, D. (2000). Bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucephalus). In: The Birds of North America, No. 506 (eds Poole, A. & Gill, F.). The Birds of North America Inc., Philadelphia, PA.
5. Crabtree, R.L. & Sheldon, J.W. (1999a). Coyotes and canid coexistence in Yellowstone. In: Carnivores in Ecosystems: The Yellowstone Experience (eds Clark, T.W., Curlee, A.P., Minta, S.C. & Kareiva, P.M.), Yale University Press, New Haven, pp. 429.
6. Crabtree, R.L. & Sheldon, J.W. (1999b). The ecological role of coyotes on Yellowstone's northern range. Yell. Sci., 7, 15-23.
7. Dall, S.R.X. (2002). Can information sharing explain recruitment to food from communal roosts? Behav. Ecol., 13, 42-51.
8. Dhindsa, M.S. & Boag, D.A. (1990). The effect of food supplementation on the reproductive success of black-billed magpies Pica pica. Ibis, 132, 595-602.
9. Folkard, N.F.G. & Smith, J.N.M. (1995). Evidence for bottom up effects in the boreal forest - do passerine birds respond to large-scale experimental fertilization. Can. J. Zool., 73, 2231-2237.
10. Gese, E.M., Ruff, R.L. & Crabtree, R.L. (1996). Foraging ecology of coyotes (Canis latrans): the influence of extrinsic factors and a dominance hierarchy. Can. J. Zool., 74, 769-783.
11. Gonzalez, M.E. & Donoso, C. (1999). Seed litter fall in Chusquea quila (Poaceae: Bombusoideae), after synchronous flowering in south-central Chile. Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 72, 169-180.
12. Heinrich, B. (1988). Winter foraging at carcasses by 3 sympatric corvids, with emphasis on recruitment by the Raven, Corvus-Corax. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., 23, 141-156.
13. Houston, D.B. (1978). Elk as winter-spring food for carnivores in northern yellowstone national park. J. Appl. Ecol., 15, 653-661.
14. Houston, D.B. (1982). The Northern Yellowstone Elk: Ecology and Management. Macmillan, New York.
15. Ito, Y. (1998). Role of escape from predators in periodical cicada (Homoptera: Cicadidae) cycles. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am., 91, 493-496.
16. Jedrzejewska, B. & Jedrzejewski, W. (1998). Predation in Vertebrate Communtities: The Bialowieza Primeval Forest as a Case Study. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
17. Kelly, D. (1994). The evolutionary ecology of mast seeding. Trends Ecol. Evol., 9, 465-471.
18. LeFrank Jr, M. & Clark, W. (1983). Working Bibliography of the Golden Eagle and the Genus Aquila. National Wildlife Federation - Scientific and Technical Series 7, Washington, DC.
19. Lemke, T. (2001). Gardiner late elk hunt annual report. In: Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Livingston, MT.
20. Lemke, T. (2002). Gardiner late elk hunt annual report. In: Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Livingston, MT.
21. Lemke, T., Mack, J.A. & Houston, D.B. (1998). Winter range expansion by the Northern Yellowstone elk herd. Intermtn. J. Sci., 4, 1-9.
22. Magoun, A.J. (1976). Summer scavenging activity in northeastern Alaska. In: Biology and Resource Management Project. University of Alaska, Fairbanks, pp. 167.
23. Marzluff, J.M., Heinrich, B. & Marzluff, C.S. (1996). Raven roosts are mobile information centres. Anim. Behav., 51, 89-103.
24. Mech, L.D., Smith, D.W., Murphy, K.M. & MacNulty, D.R. (2001). Winter severity and wolf predation on a formerly wolf-free elk herd. J. Wildl. Manage., 65, 998-1003.
25. Murie, A. (1940). Ecology of the Coyote in the Yellowstone. US National Park Service Fauna Series No. 4. Washington, DC.
26. Murphy, K.M., Felzien, G.S., Hornocker, M.G. & Ruth, T.K. (1997). Encounter competition between bears and cougars: some ecological implications. Int. Conf. Bear Res. Manage., 10, 55-60.
27. Newton, I., Davis, P.E. & Davis, J.E. (1982). Ravens and buzzards in relation to sheep-farming and forestry in Wales. J. Appl. Ecol., 19, 681-706.
28. Ostfeld, R.S. & Keesing, F. (2000). Pulsed resources and community dynamics of consumers in terrestrial ecosystems. Trends Ecol. Evol., 15, 232-237.
29. Rose, M.D. & Polis, G.A. (1998). The distribution and abundance of coyotes: the effects of allochthonous food subsidies from the sea. Ecology, 79, 998-1007.
30. Smith, D.W., Peterson, R.O. & Houston, D.B. (2003). Yellowstone after wolves. Bioscience, 53, 330-340.
31. Smith, D.W., Drummer, T.D., Murphy, K.M., Guernsey, D. & Evans, S.B. (in press). Winter prey selection and estimation of wolf kill rates in Yellowstone National Park, 1995-2000. J. Wildl. Manage.
32. Swenson, J.E., Alt, K.L. & Eng, R.L. (1986). Ecology of Bald Eagles in the Greater Yellowstone ecosystem. Wildl. Monogr., 1-46.
33. Trost, C. (1999). Black-billed magpie (Pica pica). In: The Birds of North America, No. 389 (eds Poole, A. & Gill, F.). The Birds of North America Inc., Philadelphia, PA, 1-28.
34. Wilmers, C.C. & Stahler, D.R. (2002). Constraints on active-consumption rates in gray wolves, coyotes and grizzly bears. Can. J. Zool., 80, 1256-1261.
35. Wilmers, C.C., Crabtree, R.L., Smith, D., Murphy, K.M. & Getz, W.M. (2003). Trophic facilitation by introduced top predators: gray wolf subsidies to scavengers in Yellowstone National Park. J. Anim. Ecol., 72(6).