Patterns in species richness and distribution of vascular epiphytes in Chiapas, Mexico

Journal of Biogeography

Volumn 30, Issue 11, 2003, Pages 1689-1707

  Wolf, Jan H D ^a,b   Flamenco S, Alejandro ^a  

^a EL COLEGIO DE LA FRONTERA SUR   (Mexico)

^b UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Botanical collections; Canopy biology; Elevation gradient; Epiphyte quotient; Geographical information system; Rainfall gradient; SChao estimate of diversity; Tropical forests

Indexed keywords

ALTITUDE; EPIPHYTE; PHYTOGEOGRAPHY; RAINFALL; SPECIES RICHNESS; TROPICAL FOREST; VASCULAR PLANT;

MEXICO;

ANIMALIA; ARACEAE; FILICOPHYTA; MAGNOLIOPHYTA; ORCHIDACEAE; PTERIDOPHYTA; TRACHEOPHYTA;

EID: 0242489220     PISSN: 03050270     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2699.2003.00902.x     Document Type: Article

References (105)

1. Aguirre-Leon, E. (1992) Vascular epiphytes of Mexico: a preliminary inventory. Selbyana, 13, 72-76.
2. Annaselvam, J. & Parthasarathy, N. (2001) Diversity and distribution of herbaceous vascular epiphytes in a tropical evergreen forest at Varagalaiar, Western Ghats, India. Biodiversity and Conservation, 10, 317-329.
3. Bader, M., Van Dunne, H.J.F. & Stuiver, H.J. (2000) Epiphyte distribution in a secondary cloud forest vegetation; a case study of the application of GIS in epiphyte ecology. Ecotropica, 6, 181-195.
4. Barker, M.G. & Pinard, M.A. (2001) Forest canopy research: sampling problems, and some solutions. Plant Ecology, 153, 23-28.
5. Benavides, A.M. (2002) Diversidad y distribución de epífitas vasculares en el medio Caquetá, Amazonía noroccidental Colombiana. Thesis, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia.
6. Benzing, D.H. (1990) Vascular epiphytes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
7. Biedinger, N. & Fischer, E. (1996) Epiphytic vegetation and ecology in Central African forests (Rwanda, Zaïre). Ecotropica, 2, 121-142.
8. Boggon, J., Funk, V.A., Kelloff, C., Hoff, M., Cremers, G. & Feuillet, C. (1997) Checklist of the plants of the Guianas. Centre for the study of biological diversity, University of Guyana, Georgetown, Guyana.
9. Bøgh, A. (1992) The composition and distribution of the vascular epiphyte flora of an Ecuadorean montane rain forest. Selbyana, 13, 25-34.
10. Breedlove, D.E. (1978) The phytogeography and vegetation of Chiapas (Mexico). Vegetation and vegetational history of northern Latin America (ed. by A. Graham), pp. 149-165. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA.
11. Breedlove, D.E. (1981) Introduction to the flora of Chiapas. Flora of Chiapas (ed. by D.E. Breedlove), pp. 1-35. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA.
12. Breedlove, D.E. (1986) Listados floristicos de Mexico IV. Flora de Chiapas. UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico.
13. Bussmann, R.W. (2001) Epiphyte diversity in a tropical Andean forest-Reserva Biológica San Francisco, Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador. Ecotropica, 7, 43-59.
14. Castro-Hernandez, J.C., Wolf, J.H.D., Garcia-Franco, J.G. & Gonzalez-Espinosa, M. (1999) The influence of humidity, nutrients and light on the establishment of the epiphytic bromeliad Tillandsia guatemalensis in the highlands of Chiapas, Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 47, 763-773.
15. Catling, P.M. & Lefkovitch, L.P. (1989) Associations of vascular epiphytes in a Guatemalan cloud forest. Biotropica, 21, 35-40.
16. Chao, A. (1984) Nonparametric estimation of the number of classes in a population. Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, 11, 265-270.
17. Clark, K.L., Nadkarni, N.M., Schaefer, D. & Gholz, H.L. (1998) Atmospheric deposition and net retention of ions by the canopy in a tropical montane forest, Monteverde, Costa Rica. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 14, 27-45.
18. Colwell, R.K. (1997) EstimateS: statistical estimation of species richness and shared species from samples. Version 5. User's Guide and application published at: http://viceroy.eeb.uconn.edu/estimates.
19. Colwell, R.K. & Coddington, J.K. (1994) Estimating terrestrial biodiversity through extrapolation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society (Series B), 345, 101-118.
20. Colwell, R.K. & Lees, D.C. (2000) The mid-domain effect: geometric constraints on the geography of species richness. TRENDS in Ecology & Evolution, 15, 70-76.
21. Croat, T. (1978) Flora of Barro Colorado Island. Stanford University Press, Stanford, USA.
22. Delgadillo, M.C. & Cárdenas-S, A. (1989) Phytogeography of high-elevation mosses from Chiapas, Mexico. The Bryologist, 92, 461-466.
23. Ek, R.C. (1997) Botanical diversity in the tropical rain forest of Guyana. PhD Thesis, Universiteit Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
24. Engwald, S. (1999) Diversität und Ökologie der vaskulären Epiphyten in einem Berg- und einem Tieflandregenwald in Venezuela. PhD Thesis, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
25. Flores-Palacios, A. & Garcia-Franco, J.G. (2001) Sampling methods for vascular epiphytes: their effectiveness in recording species richness and frequency. Selbyana, 22, 181-191.
26. Foster, R.B. (1990) The floristic composition in the Rio Manu floodplain forest. Four neotropical rainforests (ed. by A.H. Gentry), pp. 99-111. Vail-Ballou Press, Binghamton, New York, USA.
27. Frahm, J.-P. & Gradstein, S.R. (1991) An altitudinal zonation of tropical rain forests using bryophytes. Journal of Biogeography, 18, 669-678.
28. Freiberg, M. (1996) Spatial distribution of vascular epiphytes on three emergent canopy trees in French Guiana. Biotropica, 28, 345-355.
29. Freiberg, M. (1999) The vascular epiphytes on a Virola michelii tree (Myristicaceae) in French Guiana. Ecotropica, 5, 75-81.
30. Freiberg, M. & Freiberg, E. (2000) Epiphyte diversity and biomass in the canopy of lowland and montane forests in Ecuador. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 16, 673-688.
31. Galeano, G., Suarez, S. & Balslev, H. (1998) Vascular plant species count in a wet forest in the Choco area on the Pacific coast of Colombia. Biodiversity and Conservation, 7, 1563-1575.
32. Gentry, A.H. (1986) Species richness and floristic composition of Chocó region plant communities. Caldasia, 15, 71-91.
33. Gentry, A.H. (1991) Breeding and dispersal systems of lianas. The biology of vines (ed. by F.E. Putz and H.A. Mooney), pp. 393-423. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
34. Gentry, A.H. & Dodson, C.H. (1987a) Diversity and biogeography of neotropical vascular epiphytes. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 74, 205-233.
35. Gentry, A.H. & Dodson, C.H. (1987b) Contribution of nontrees to species richness of a tropical rain forest. Biotropica, 19, 149-156.
36. Gradstein, S.R., Hietz, P., Lücking, R., Lücking, A., Sipman, H.J.M., Vester, H.F.M., Wolf, J.H.D. & Gardet, E. (1996) How to sample the epiphytic diversity of tropical rain forests. Ecotropica, 2, 59-72.
37. Greeney, H.F. (2001) The insects of plant-held waters: a review and bibliography. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 17, 241-260.
38. Haber, W.A. (2001) Number of species with different plant growth forms. Monteverde: ecology and conservation of a tropical cloud forest (ed. by N.M. Nadkarni and N.T. Wheelwright), pp. 519-522. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
39. Hartshorn, G.S. & Hammel, B.E. (1994) Vegetation types and floristic patterns. La Selva: ecology and natural history of a neotropical rain forest (ed. by L.A. McDade, K.S. Bawa, H.A. Hespenheide and G.S. Hartshorn). The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
40. Hietz, P. (1997) Population dynamics of epiphytes in a Mexican humid montane forest. Journal of Ecology, 85, 767-775.
41. Hietz, P. & Hietz-Seifert, U. (1995a) Structure and ecology of epiphyte communities of a cloud forest in central Veracruz, Mexico. Journal of Vegetation Science, 6, 719-728.
42. Hietz, P. & Hietz-Seifert, U. (1995b) Composition and ecology of vascular epiphyte communities along an altitudinal gradient in Central Veracruz, Mexico. Journal of Vegetation Science, 6, 487-498.
43. Hietz-Seifert, U., Hietz, P. & Guevara, S. (1996) Epiphyte vegetation and diversity on remnant trees after forest clearance in southern Veracruz, Mexico. Biological Conservation, 75, 103-111.
44. Hofstede, R.G.M., Dickinson, K.J.M. & Mark, A.F. (2001) Distribution, abundance and biomass of epiphyte-lianoid communities in a New Zealand lowland Nothofagus-podocarp temperate rain forest: tropical comparisons. Journal of Biogeography, 28, 1033-1049.
45. Hosokawa, T. (1950) Epiphyte-quotient. Botanical Magazine Tokyo, 63, 739-740.
46. Hubbell, S.P. (2001) The unified neutral theory of biodiversity and biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
47. Ibisch, P.L. (1996) Neotropische Epiphytendiversität - das Beispiel Bolivien. Martina Galunder-Verlag, Wiehl, Germany.
48. Ibisch, P.L., Boegner, A., Nieder, J. & Barthlott, W. (1996) How diverse are neotropical epiphytes? An analysis based on the 'Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru'. Ecotropica, 2, 13-28.
49. Ingram, S.W. & Nadkarni, N.M. (1993) Composition and distribution of epiphytic organic-matter in a neotropical cloud forest, Costa-Rica. Biotropica, 25, 370-383.
50. Janzen, D.H. & Liesner, R. (1980) Annotated check-list of plants of lowland Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica, exclusive of grasses and non-vascular cryptogams. Brenesia, 18, 15-90.
51. Jaramillo, J. (2001) Flora de Río Guajalito. The flora of the Río Guajalito mountain rain forest (Ecuador). Results of the Bonn - Quito epiphyte project, funded by the Volkswagen foundation. (ed. by J. Nieder and W. Barthlott), pp. 47-322. Books on Demand GmbH, Bonn.
52. Jarman, S.J. & Kantvilas, G. (1995) Epiphytes on an Old Huon Pine Tree (Lagarostrobos-Franklinii) in Tasmanian Rain-Forest. New Zealand Journal of Botany, 33, 65-78.
53. Johansson, D. (1974) Ecology of vascular epiphytes in west African rain forest. Acta Phytogeographica Suecica, 59, 1-123.
54. Kelly, D.L., Tanner, E.V.J., Lughadha, E.M.N. & Kapos, V. (1994) Floristics and biogeography of a rain-forest in the Venezuelan Andes. Journal of Biogeography, 21, 421-440.
55. Kessler, M. (2000) Altitudinal zonation of Andean cryptogam communities. Journal of Biogeography, 27, 275-282.
56. Kessler, M. (2001) Pteridophyte species richness in Andean forests in Bolivia. Biodiversity and Conservation, 10, 1473-1495.
57. Kessler, M., Parris, B.S. & Kessler, E. (2001) A comparison of the tropical montane pteridophyte floras of Mount Kinabalu, Borneo, and Parque Nacional Carrasco, Bolivia. Journal of Biogeography, 28, 611-622.
58. Köster, N., Kreft, H., Schmit-Neuerburg, V., Küper, W., Nieder, J. & Barthlott, W. (2003) High variability in diversity and abundance of vascular epiphytes within Amazonia. Abstract 16. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Tropenökologie -Tropische Biodiversität im globalen Wandel. Universität Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
59. Kress, W.J. (1986) The systematic distribution of vascular epiphytes: an update. Selbyana, 9, 2-22.
60. Kürschner, H. (1990) Höhengliederung (ordination) von epiphytischen Laub-und Lebermoosen in Nord-Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu). Nova Hedwigia, 51, 77-86.
61. Lawton, J.H. (1996) Patterns in ecology. Oikos, 75, 145-147.
62. Lowman, M.D. (2001) Plants in the forest canopy: some reflections on current research and future direction. Plant Ecology, 153, 39-50.
63. Madison, M. (1977) Vascular epiphytes: their systematic occurrence and salient features. Selbyana, 2, 1-13.
64. Madison, M. (1979) Distribution of epiphytes in a rubber plantation in Sarawak. Selbyana, 5, 107-115.
65. Malcolm, J.R. (1991) Comparitive abundances of neotropical small mammals by trap height. Journal of Mammalogy, 72, 188-192.
66. Mitchell, A.W., Secoy, K. & Jackson, T. (ed.) (2002) The global canopy handbook. Techniques of access and study in the forest roof. Global Canopy Programme, Oxford, UK.
67. Moffett, M.W. (1993) The high frontier: exploring the tropical rain forest canopy. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
68. Müllerried, F.K.G. (1957) Geología de Chiapas. Gobierno del estado de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Mexico.
69. Nadkarni, N.M. (1994) Diversity of species and interactions in the upper tree canopy of forest ecosystems. American Zoologist, 34, 70-78.
70. Nieder, J., Engwald, S. & Barthlott, W. (1999) Patterns of neotropical epiphyte diversity. Selbyana, 20, 66-75.
71. Nieder, J., Prosperi, J. & Michaloud, G. (2001) Epiphytes and their contribution to canopy diversity. Plant Ecology, 153, 51-63.
72. Nowicki, C. (2001). Epifitas vasculares de la Reserva Otonga. Epiphytes and canopy fauna of the Otonga rain forest (Ecuador). Results of the Bonn - Quito epiphyte project, funded by the Volkswagen foundation. (ed. by J. Nieder and W. Barthlott), pp. 115-160. Books on Demand GmbH, Bonn.
73. Ochoa-Gaona, S. & González-Espinosa, M. (2000) Land use and deforestation in the highlands of Chiapas, Mexico. Applied Geography, 20, 17-42.
74. Olmsted, I. & Gómez-Juarez, M. (1996) Distribution and conservation of epiphytes on the Yucatan peninsula. Selbyana, 17, 58-70.
75. Perry, D.R. (1978) A method of access into the crowns of emergent and canopy trees. Biotropica, 10, 155-157.
76. Pianka, E.R. (1966) Latitudinal gradients in species diversity: a review of concepts. American Naturalist, 100, 33-46.
77. Prance, G.T. (1994) A comparison of the efficacy of higher taxa and species numbers in the assessment of the biodiversity in the neotropics. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society (Series B), 345, 89-99.
78. Rahbek, C. (1997) The relationship among area, elevation, and regional species richness in neotropical birds. American Naturalist, 149, 875-902.
79. Rauer, G. & Rudolph, D. (2001) Vaskuläre Epiphyten eines westandinen Bergregenwaldes in Ecuador. The flora of the Río Guajalito mountain rain forest (Ecuador). Results of the Bonn - Quito epiphyte project, funded by the Volkswagen foundation. (ed. by J. Nieder and W. Barthlott), pp. 323-470. Books on Demand GmbH, Bonn.
80. Reenen, G.B.A. & Gradstein, S.R. (1983) A transect analysis of the bryophyte vegetation along an altitudinal gradient on the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. Acta Botanica Neerlandica, 32, 163-165.
81. Ribeiro, J.E.L., Nelson, B.W., Silva, M.F., Martins, L.S.S. & Hopkins, M. (1994) Reserva florestal Ducke: Diversidade e composiçã o da flora vascular. Acta Amazonica, 24, 19-30.
82. Rossi, M.R., Mendez, V.H. & Monge-Najera, J. (1997) Distribution of Costa Rican epiphytic bromeliads and the Holdridge Life Zone System. Revista De Biologia Tropical, 45, 1021-1031.
83. Rzedowski, J. (1992) Diversidad y origen de la flora fanerogámica de México. La diversidad biológica de Iberoamérica (ed. by G. Halffter), pp. 315-335. Acta Zoologica Mexicana volumen especial.
84. Schimper, A.F.W. (1888) Die epiphytische Vegetation Amerikas. Fischer, Jena.
85. Schneider, J.V. (2001) Diversity, structure, and biogeography of a successional and mature upper montane rain forest of the Venezuelan Andes. PhD Thesis, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
86. Shmida, A. & Wilson, M.V. (1985) Biological determinants of species diversity. Journal of Biogeography, 12, 1-20.
87. Sipman, H.J.M. & Wolf, J.H.D. (1998) Provisional checklist for the lichens of Chiapas. Acta Botánica Mexicana, 45, 1-29.
88. Smith, R.F. (1970) The vegetation structure of a Puerto Rican rain forest before and after short-term gamma radiation. A tropical rain forest - a study of irradiation and ecology at El Verde, Puerto Rico (ed. by H.T. Odum and R.F. Pigeon), pp. D103-D140. US Atomic Energy Commission, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
89. Smith, A.R. (1981) Pteridophytes. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco.
90. Soto Arenas, M.A. (1988) Listado actualizado de las orquídeas de México. Orquídea (Mex.), 11, 233-272.
91. Stevens, G.C. (1992) The Elevational Gradient in Altitudinal Range - an Extension of Rapoport Latitudinal Rule to Altitude. American Naturalist, 140, 893-911.
92. Stork, N.E. (1988) Insect diversity: facts, fiction and speculation. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 35, 321-337.
93. Sugden, A.M. & Robins, R.J. (1979) Aspects of the ecology of vascular epiphytes in Colombian cloud forests. I. The distribution of the epiphytic flora. Biotropica, 11, 173-188.
94. Ter Steege, H. & Cornelissen, J.H.C. (1989) Distribution and ecology of vascular epiphytes in lowland rain forest of Guyana. Biotropica, 21, 331-339.
95. Utley, J.F. (1994) Bromeliaceae. Flora Mesoamericana (ed. by G. Davidse), pp. 89-156. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico DF.
96. Walther, B.A. & Morand, S. (1998) Comparative performance of species richness estimation methods. Parasitology, 116, 395-405.
97. Webster, G.L. & Rhode, R.M. (2001) Plant diversity of an Andean cloud forest - checklist of the vascular flora of Maquipucuna, Ecuador. University of California Press, Berkeley-Los Angeles-London.
98. Went, F.W. (1940) Soziologie der Epiphyten eines tropischen Urwaldes. Annales du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg, 50, 1-98.
99. Werneck, M.d.S. & Espírito-Santo, M.M.d. (2002) Species diversity and abundance of vascular epiphytes on Vellozia piresina in Brazil. Biotropica, 34, 51-57.
100. Whitmore, T.C. & R. Peralta, K.B. (1985) Total species count in a Costa Rican tropical rain forest. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 1, 375-378.
101. Winkler, H. & Preleuthner, M. (2001) Behaviour and ecology of birds in tropical rain forest canopies. Plant Ecology, 153, 193-202.
102. Wolf, J.H.D. (1993a) Diversity patterns and biomass of epiphytic bryophytes and lichens along an altitudinal gradient in the northern Andes. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 80, 928-960.
103. Wolf, J.H.D. (1993b) Ecology of epiphytes and epiphyte communities in montane rain forests, Colombia. PhD Thesis, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam.
104. Wolf, J.H.D. & Konings, C.J.F. (2001) Toward the sustainable harvesting of epiphytic bromeliads: a pilot study from the highlands of Chiapas, Mexico. Biological Conservation, 101, 23-31.
105. Zotz, G. (1999) The epiphyte vegetation of Annona glabra on Barro Colorado. Journal of Biogeography, 26, 761-776.