메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 149, Issue 5, 1997, Pages 875-902

The relationship among area, elevation, and regional species richness in neotropical birds

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALTITUDE; AREA EFFECT; BIRD; NEOTROPICS; RAPOPORT'S RULE; SPECIES RICHNESS;

EID: 0030620320     PISSN: 00030147     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/286028     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (479)

References (120)
  • 1
    • 0024188915 scopus 로고
    • Resource productivity-consumer species diversity: Simple models of competition in spatially heterogeneous environments
    • Abrams, P. A. 1988. Resource productivity-consumer species diversity: simple models of competition in spatially heterogeneous environments. Ecology 69:1418-1433.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 1418-1433
    • Abrams, P.A.1
  • 2
    • 0028836775 scopus 로고
    • Monotonie or unimodal diversity-productivity gradients: What does competition theory predict?
    • _. 1995. Monotonie or unimodal diversity-productivity gradients: what does competition theory predict? Ecology 76:2019-2027.
    • (1995) Ecology , vol.76 , pp. 2019-2027
  • 3
    • 0021644847 scopus 로고
    • Tilman's predicted productivity-diversity relationship shown by desert rodents
    • Abramsky, Z., and M. L. Rosenzweig. 1984. Tilman's predicted productivity-diversity relationship shown by desert rodents. Nature (London) 309:150-151.
    • (1984) Nature (London) , vol.309 , pp. 150-151
    • Abramsky, Z.1    Rosenzweig, M.L.2
  • 4
    • 10244240700 scopus 로고
    • Birds of the Congo and Amazon forests: A comparison
    • B. J. Meggers, E. S. Ayensu, and W. D. Duckworth, eds. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
    • Amadon, D. 1973. Birds of the Congo and Amazon forests: a comparison. Pages 267-277 in B. J. Meggers, E. S. Ayensu, and W. D. Duckworth, eds. Tropical forest ecosystems in Africa and South America: a comparative review. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
    • (1973) Tropical Forest Ecosystems in Africa and South America: A Comparative Review , pp. 267-277
    • Amadon, D.1
  • 5
    • 0028187136 scopus 로고
    • Andean tapaculos of the genus Scytalopus (Aves, Rhinocryptidae): A study of speciation using DNA sequence data
    • V. Loeschcke, J. Tomiuk, and S. K. Jain, eds. Birkhäuser, Basel
    • Arctander, P., and J. Fjeldså. 1994. Andean tapaculos of the genus Scytalopus (Aves, Rhinocryptidae): a study of speciation using DNA sequence data. Pages 205-225 in V. Loeschcke, J. Tomiuk, and S. K. Jain, eds. Conservation genetics. Birkhäuser, Basel.
    • (1994) Conservation Genetics , pp. 205-225
    • Arctander, P.1    Fjeldså, J.2
  • 6
    • 0000323738 scopus 로고
    • Ecological structuring of forest bird communities in New Guinea
    • Beehler, B. 1981. Ecological structuring of forest bird communities in New Guinea. Monographiae Biologicae 42:837-861.
    • (1981) Monographiae Biologicae , vol.42 , pp. 837-861
    • Beehler, B.1
  • 10
    • 0001011081 scopus 로고
    • Turnover rates in insular biogeography: Effect of immigration on extinction
    • Brown, J. H., and A. Kodric-Brown. 1977. Turnover rates in insular biogeography: effect of immigration on extinction. Ecology 58:445-449.
    • (1977) Ecology , vol.58 , pp. 445-449
    • Brown, J.H.1    Kodric-Brown, A.2
  • 12
    • 0024179788 scopus 로고
    • Succession in old-field plant communities: Effects of contrasting types of nutrient enrichment
    • Carson, W. P., and G. W. Barrett. 1988. Succession in old-field plant communities: effects of contrasting types of nutrient enrichment. Ecology 69:984-994.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 984-994
    • Carson, W.P.1    Barrett, G.W.2
  • 13
    • 0041045618 scopus 로고
    • The agricultural potential of the humid tropics
    • Chang, J. 1968. The agricultural potential of the humid tropics. Geographical Review 58:334-361.
    • (1968) Geographical Review , vol.58 , pp. 334-361
    • Chang, J.1
  • 15
  • 16
    • 0028163949 scopus 로고
    • Nonbiological gradients in species richness and a spurious Rapoport effect
    • Colwell, R. K., and G. C. Hurtt. 1994. Nonbiological gradients in species richness and a spurious Rapoport effect. American Naturalist 144:570-595.
    • (1994) American Naturalist , vol.144 , pp. 570-595
    • Colwell, R.K.1    Hurtt, G.C.2
  • 17
    • 0000047612 scopus 로고
    • The ecological regulation of species diversity
    • Connell, J. H., and E. Orias. 1964. The ecological regulation of species diversity. American Naturalist 98:399-413.
    • (1964) American Naturalist , vol.98 , pp. 399-413
    • Connell, J.H.1    Orias, E.2
  • 18
    • 0000889660 scopus 로고
    • The statistics and biology of the species-area relationship
    • Connor, E. F., and E. D. McCoy. 1979. The statistics and biology of the species-area relationship. American Naturalist 113:791-833.
    • (1979) American Naturalist , vol.113 , pp. 791-833
    • Connor, E.F.1    McCoy, E.D.2
  • 19
    • 0026001780 scopus 로고
    • Energy and large-scale patterns of animal- And plant-species richness
    • Currie, D. J. 1991. Energy and large-scale patterns of animal- and plant-species richness. American Naturalist 137:27-49.
    • (1991) American Naturalist , vol.137 , pp. 27-49
    • Currie, D.J.1
  • 21
    • 0028163021 scopus 로고
    • Geographical patterns for relict and young species of birds in Africa and South America and implications for conservation priorities
    • Fjeldså, J. 1994. Geographical patterns for relict and young species of birds in Africa and South America and implications for conservation priorities. Biodiversity and Conservation 3:207-226.
    • (1994) Biodiversity and Conservation , vol.3 , pp. 207-226
    • Fjeldså, J.1
  • 22
    • 0003360935 scopus 로고
    • Bivariate regression
    • J. C. Fry, ed. Oxford University Press, New York
    • Fry, J. C. 1993a. Bivariate regression. Pages 81-125 in J. C. Fry, ed. Biological data analysis: a practical approach. Oxford University Press, New York.
    • (1993) Biological Data Analysis: A Practical Approach , pp. 81-125
    • Fry, J.C.1
  • 23
    • 0002708611 scopus 로고
    • One-way analysis of variance
    • J. C. Fry, ed. Oxford University Press, New York
    • _. 1993b. One-way analysis of variance. Pages 3-37 in J. C. Fry, ed. Biological data analysis: a practical approach. Oxford University Press, New York.
    • (1993) Biological Data Analysis: A Practical Approach , pp. 3-37
  • 24
    • 0025684499 scopus 로고
    • Bats versus birds: Comparison among Peruvian volant vertebrate faunas along an elevational gradient
    • Graham, G. L. 1990. Bats versus birds: comparison among Peruvian volant vertebrate faunas along an elevational gradient. Journal of Biogeography 17:657-668.
    • (1990) Journal of Biogeography , vol.17 , pp. 657-668
    • Graham, G.L.1
  • 25
    • 0000821134 scopus 로고
    • Elevational correlates of speciation and intraspecific geographic variation in plumage in Andean forest birds
    • Graves, G. R. 1985. Elevational correlates of speciation and intraspecific geographic variation in plumage in Andean forest birds. Auk 102:556-579.
    • (1985) Auk , vol.102 , pp. 556-579
    • Graves, G.R.1
  • 26
    • 0002193309 scopus 로고
    • Linearity of geographic range and its possible effect on the population structure of Andean birds
    • _. 1988. Linearity of geographic range and its possible effect on the population structure of Andean birds. Auk 105:47-52.
    • (1988) Auk , vol.105 , pp. 47-52
  • 27
    • 0020872174 scopus 로고
    • Neotropical land-bridge avifaunas: New approaches to null hypotheses in biogeography
    • Graves, G. R., and N. J. Gotelli. 1983. Neotropical land-bridge avifaunas: new approaches to null hypotheses in biogeography. Oikos 41:322-333.
    • (1983) Oikos , vol.41 , pp. 322-333
    • Graves, G.R.1    Gotelli, N.J.2
  • 30
    • 0003730427 scopus 로고
    • Tropical Science Center, San Jose, Costa Rica
    • Holdridge, L. R. 1967. Life zone ecology. Tropical Science Center, San Jose, Costa Rica.
    • (1967) Life Zone Ecology
    • Holdridge, L.R.1
  • 32
    • 0001281379 scopus 로고
    • Homage to Santa Rosalia, or why are there so many kinds of animals?
    • Hutchinson, G. E. 1959. Homage to Santa Rosalia, or why are there so many kinds of animals? American Naturalist 93:145-159.
    • (1959) American Naturalist , vol.93 , pp. 145-159
    • Hutchinson, G.E.1
  • 33
    • 0000532888 scopus 로고
    • Why mountain passes are higher in the Tropics
    • Janzen, D. H. 1967. Why mountain passes are higher in the Tropics. American Naturalist 101:233-249.
    • (1967) American Naturalist , vol.101 , pp. 233-249
    • Janzen, D.H.1
  • 34
    • 0001387553 scopus 로고
    • Sweep samples of tropical foliage insects: Effects of seasons, vegetation types, elevation, time of day, and insularity
    • _. 1973. Sweep samples of tropical foliage insects: effects of seasons, vegetation types, elevation, time of day, and insularity. Ecology 54:687-708.
    • (1973) Ecology , vol.54 , pp. 687-708
  • 35
    • 0001891628 scopus 로고
    • Insects
    • D. H. Janzen, ed. University of Chicago Press, Chicago
    • _. 1983. Insects. Pages 619-645 in D. H. Janzen, ed. Costa Rican natural history. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
    • (1983) Costa Rican Natural History , pp. 619-645
  • 37
    • 0001989955 scopus 로고
    • Altitude distribution of land birds in New Guinea
    • Kikkawa, J., and E. E. Williams. 1971. Altitude distribution of land birds in New Guinea. Search 2:64-65.
    • (1971) Search , vol.2 , pp. 64-65
    • Kikkawa, J.1    Williams, E.E.2
  • 39
    • 0027498824 scopus 로고
    • Global patterns of tree species richness in moist forests: Energy-diversity theory does not account for variation in species richness
    • Latham, R. E., and R. E. Ricklefs. 1993. Global patterns of tree species richness in moist forests: energy-diversity theory does not account for variation in species richness. Oikos 67:325-333.
    • (1993) Oikos , vol.67 , pp. 325-333
    • Latham, R.E.1    Ricklefs, R.E.2
  • 40
    • 0001010006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns in ecology
    • Lawton, J. H. 1996. Patterns in ecology. Oikos 75:145-147.
    • (1996) Oikos , vol.75 , pp. 145-147
    • Lawton, J.H.1
  • 41
    • 0023479625 scopus 로고
    • Effects of altitude on the abundance and species richness of insect herbivores on bracken
    • Lawton, J. H., M. MacGarvin, and P. A. Heads. 1987. Effects of altitude on the abundance and species richness of insect herbivores on bracken. Journal of Animal Ecology 56:147-160.
    • (1987) Journal of Animal Ecology , vol.56 , pp. 147-160
    • Lawton, J.H.1    MacGarvin, M.2    Heads, P.A.3
  • 43
    • 0024525250 scopus 로고
    • Interpretations and comparisons of constants in the species-area relationship: An additional caution
    • Lomolino, M. V. 1989. Interpretations and comparisons of constants in the species-area relationship: an additional caution. American Naturalist 133:277-280.
    • (1989) American Naturalist , vol.133 , pp. 277-280
    • Lomolino, M.V.1
  • 44
    • 0024257370 scopus 로고
    • Predicting the amount of litterfall in forests of the world
    • Lonsdale, W. M. 1988. Predicting the amount of litterfall in forests of the world. Annals of Botany 61:319-324.
    • (1988) Annals of Botany , vol.61 , pp. 319-324
    • Lonsdale, W.M.1
  • 45
    • 0000258972 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of species diversity
    • MacArthur, R. H. 1965. Patterns of species diversity. Biological Reviews 40:510-533.
    • (1965) Biological Reviews , vol.40 , pp. 510-533
    • MacArthur, R.H.1
  • 46
    • 84880556187 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of communities in the Tropics
    • _. 1969. Patterns of communities in the Tropics. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 1:19-30.
    • (1969) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , vol.1 , pp. 19-30
  • 47
    • 0004062081 scopus 로고
    • Harper & Row, New York
    • _. 1972. Geographical ecology. Harper & Row, New York.
    • (1972) Geographical Ecology
  • 49
    • 0000109871 scopus 로고
    • A climatic index to vascular plant activity
    • Major, J. 1963. A climatic index to vascular plant activity. Ecology 44:485-498.
    • (1963) Ecology , vol.44 , pp. 485-498
    • Major, J.1
  • 50
    • 0025693393 scopus 로고
    • The distribution of insects along elevational gradients
    • McCoy, E. D. 1990. The distribution of insects along elevational gradients. Oikos 58:313-322.
    • (1990) Oikos , vol.58 , pp. 313-322
    • McCoy, E.D.1
  • 51
    • 0021549356 scopus 로고
    • Equations and explanations in the study of species-area curves
    • McGuinness, K. A. 1984. Equations and explanations in the study of species-area curves. Biological Reviews 59:423-441.
    • (1984) Biological Reviews , vol.59 , pp. 423-441
    • McGuinness, K.A.1
  • 52
    • 0000711292 scopus 로고
    • An index of diversity and the relation of certain concepts to diversity
    • McIntosh, R. P. 1967. An index of diversity and the relation of certain concepts to diversity. Ecology 48:392-404.
    • (1967) Ecology , vol.48 , pp. 392-404
    • McIntosh, R.P.1
  • 54
    • 0002681128 scopus 로고
    • Altitudinal distribution of birds in the Sierra Madre del Sur, Guerrero, Mexico
    • Navarro, S. A. G. 1992. Altitudinal distribution of birds in the Sierra Madre del Sur, Guerrero, Mexico. Condor 94:29-39.
    • (1992) Condor , vol.94 , pp. 29-39
    • Navarro, S.A.G.1
  • 55
    • 0027849779 scopus 로고
    • Climatic gradients in woody plant species richness: Towards an explanation based on an analysis of southern Africa's woody flora
    • O'Brien, E. M. 1993. Climatic gradients in woody plant species richness: towards an explanation based on an analysis of southern Africa's woody flora. Journal of Biogeography 20:181-198.
    • (1993) Journal of Biogeography , vol.20 , pp. 181-198
    • O'Brien, E.M.1
  • 56
    • 0001577097 scopus 로고
    • The number of bird species in some tropical forests
    • Orians, G. H. 1969. The number of bird species in some tropical forests. Ecology 50:783-801.
    • (1969) Ecology , vol.50 , pp. 783-801
    • Orians, G.H.1
  • 57
    • 33646272980 scopus 로고
    • Global biodiversity I: Patterns and processes
    • G. K. Meffe and C. R. Carroll, eds. Sinauer, Sunderland, Mass.
    • _. 1994. Global biodiversity I: Patterns and processes. Pages 78-109 in G. K. Meffe and C. R. Carroll, eds. Principles of conservation biology. Sinauer, Sunderland, Mass.
    • (1994) Principles of Conservation Biology , pp. 78-109
  • 58
    • 0001666314 scopus 로고
    • The avifauna of the Huancabamba region, northern Peru
    • P. A. Buckle, M. S. Foster, E. S. Morton, R. S. Ridgely, and F. G. Buckley, eds. Neotropical ornithology. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington D.C.
    • Parker, T. A., T. S. Schulenberg, G. R. Graves, and M. J. Braun. 1985. The avifauna of the Huancabamba region, northern Peru. Pages 169-197 in P. A. Buckle, M. S. Foster, E. S. Morton, R. S. Ridgely, and F. G. Buckley, eds. Neotropical ornithology. Ornithological monographs, no. 36. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington D.C.
    • (1985) Ornithological Monographs , vol.36 , pp. 169-197
    • Parker, T.A.1    Schulenberg, T.S.2    Graves, G.R.3    Braun, M.J.4
  • 59
    • 0001121123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological and distributional databases
    • D. F. Stotz, J. W. Fitzpatrick, T. A. Parker III, and D. K. Moskovits, eds. University of Chicago Press, Chicago
    • Parker, T. A., III, D. F. Stotz, and J. W. Fitzpatrick. 1996. Ecological and distributional databases. Pages 115-436 in D. F. Stotz, J. W. Fitzpatrick, T. A. Parker III, and D. K. Moskovits, eds. Neotropical birds: ecology and conservation. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
    • (1996) Neotropical Birds: Ecology and Conservation , pp. 115-436
    • Parker III, T.A.1    Stotz, D.F.2    Fitzpatrick, J.W.3
  • 60
    • 0026492991 scopus 로고
    • MtDNA phylogeny of Andean mice: A test of diversification across ecological gradients
    • Patton, J. L., and M. F. Smith. 1992. MtDNA phylogeny of Andean mice: a test of diversification across ecological gradients. Evolution 46:174-183.
    • (1992) Evolution , vol.46 , pp. 174-183
    • Patton, J.L.1    Smith, M.F.2
  • 61
    • 0001260089 scopus 로고
    • A pantropical comparison of bird community structure of six lowland forest sites
    • Pearson, D. L. 1977. A pantropical comparison of bird community structure of six lowland forest sites. Condor 79:232-244.
    • (1977) Condor , vol.79 , pp. 232-244
    • Pearson, D.L.1
  • 64
    • 0002891016 scopus 로고
    • Latitudinal gradients in species diversity: A review of concepts
    • Pianka, E. R. 1966. Latitudinal gradients in species diversity: a review of concepts. American Naturalist 100:33-46.
    • (1966) American Naturalist , vol.100 , pp. 33-46
    • Pianka, E.R.1
  • 66
    • 0000597988 scopus 로고
    • The canonical distribution of commonness and rarity
    • Preston, F. W. 1962. The canonical distribution of commonness and rarity. Ecology 43:185-215, 410-432.
    • (1962) Ecology , vol.43 , pp. 185-215
    • Preston, F.W.1
  • 67
    • 0024224682 scopus 로고
    • Sources, sinks, and population regulation
    • Pulliam, H. R. 1988. Sources, sinks, and population regulation. American Naturalist 132:652-661.
    • (1988) American Naturalist , vol.132 , pp. 652-661
    • Pulliam, H.R.1
  • 68
    • 0023520378 scopus 로고
    • Coexistence and competition between overwintering willow warblers Phylloscopus trochilus and local warblers at Lake Naivasha, Kenya
    • Rabøl, J. 1987. Coexistence and competition between overwintering willow warblers Phylloscopus trochilus and local warblers at Lake Naivasha, Kenya. Omis Scandinavica 18:101-121.
    • (1987) Omis Scandinavica , vol.18 , pp. 101-121
    • Rabøl, J.1
  • 69
    • 0029170856 scopus 로고
    • The elevational gradient of species richness: A uniform pattern?
    • Rahbek, C. 1995. The elevational gradient of species richness: a uniform pattern? Ecography 18:200-205.
    • (1995) Ecography , vol.18 , pp. 200-205
    • Rahbek, C.1
  • 72
    • 0009886014 scopus 로고
    • Community organization and ecology of birds of high elevation humid forest of the Bolivian Andes
    • P. A. Buckley, M. S. Foster, E. S. Morton, R. S. Ridgely, and F. G. Buckley, eds. Neotropical ornithology. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
    • Remsen, J. V., Jr. 1985. Community organization and ecology of birds of high elevation humid forest of the Bolivian Andes. Pages 733-756 in P. A. Buckley, M. S. Foster, E. S. Morton, R. S. Ridgely, and F. G. Buckley, eds. Neotropical ornithology. Ornithological monographs, no. 36. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
    • (1985) Ornithological Monographs , vol.36
    • Remsen Jr., J.V.1
  • 73
    • 0007690140 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of elevational and latitudinal distribution, including a "niche switch" in some guans (Cracidae) of the Andes
    • Remsen, J. V., Jr., and S. W. Cardiff. 1990. Patterns of elevational and latitudinal distribution, including a "niche switch" in some guans (Cracidae) of the Andes. Condor 92:970-981.
    • (1990) Condor , vol.92 , pp. 970-981
    • Remsen Jr., J.V.1    Cardiff, S.W.2
  • 74
    • 0020859667 scopus 로고
    • Contribution of river-created habitats to bird species richness in Amazonia
    • Remsen, J. V., Jr., and T. A. Parker III. 1983. Contribution of river-created habitats to bird species richness in Amazonia. Biotropica 15:223-231.
    • (1983) Biotropica , vol.15 , pp. 223-231
    • Remsen Jr., J.V.1    Parker III, T.A.2
  • 75
    • 0023509845 scopus 로고
    • Community diversity: Relative roles of local and regional processes
    • Ricklefs, R. E. 1987. Community diversity: relative roles of local and regional processes. Science (Washington, D.C.) 235:167-171.
    • (1987) Science (Washington, D.C.) , vol.235 , pp. 167-171
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1
  • 76
    • 0002433033 scopus 로고
    • Speciation and diversity: Integration of local and regional processes
    • D. Otto and J. A. Endler, eds. Sinauer, Sunderland, Mass.
    • _. 1989. Speciation and diversity: integration of local and regional processes. Pages 599-622 in D. Otto and J. A. Endler, eds. Speciation and its consequences. Sinauer, Sunderland, Mass.
    • (1989) Speciation and Its Consequences , pp. 599-622
  • 77
    • 0027043618 scopus 로고
    • Latitudinal gradients in species diversity: The search for the primary cause
    • Rohde, K. 1992. Latitudinal gradients in species diversity: the search for the primary cause. Oikos 65:514-527.
    • (1992) Oikos , vol.65 , pp. 514-527
    • Rohde, K.1
  • 78
    • 0027834614 scopus 로고
    • Rapoport's rule does not apply to marine teleosts and cannot explain latitudinal gradients in species richness
    • Rohde, K., M. Heap, and D. Heap. 1993. Rapoport's rule does not apply to marine teleosts and cannot explain latitudinal gradients in species richness. American Naturalist 142:1-16.
    • (1993) American Naturalist , vol.142 , pp. 1-16
    • Rohde, K.1    Heap, M.2    Heap, D.3
  • 79
    • 0002048380 scopus 로고
    • Net primary productivity of terrestrial communities: Predictions from clima-tological data
    • Rosenzweig, M. L. 1968. Net primary productivity of terrestrial communities: predictions from clima-tological data. American Naturalist 102:67-74.
    • (1968) American Naturalist , vol.102 , pp. 67-74
    • Rosenzweig, M.L.1
  • 80
    • 0015243940 scopus 로고
    • Paradox of enrichment: Destabilization of exploitation ecosystem in ecological time
    • _. 1971. Paradox of enrichment: destabilization of exploitation ecosystem in ecological time. Science (Washington, D.C.) 171:385-387.
    • (1971) Science (Washington, D.C.) , vol.171 , pp. 385-387
  • 81
    • 0001779242 scopus 로고
    • On continental steady states of species diversity
    • M. L. Cody and J. M. Diamond, eds. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
    • _. 1975. On continental steady states of species diversity. Pages 121-140 in M. L. Cody and J. M. Diamond, eds. Ecology and evolution of communities. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
    • (1975) Ecology and Evolution of Communities , pp. 121-140
  • 82
    • 0008607753 scopus 로고
    • Geographical speciation: On range size and the probability of isolate formation
    • D. Wollkind, ed. May 1974. Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics and Pi Mu Epsilon, Washington Alpha Chapter, Pullman
    • _. 1977. Geographical speciation: on range size and the probability of isolate formation. Pages 172-194 in D. Wollkind, ed. Proceedings of the Washington State University conference on biomathematics and biostatistics, May 1974. Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics and Pi Mu Epsilon, Washington Alpha Chapter, Pullman.
    • (1977) Proceedings of the Washington State University Conference on Biomathematics and Biostatistics , pp. 172-194
  • 83
    • 0027087596 scopus 로고
    • Species diversity gradients: We know more and less than we thought
    • _. 1992. Species diversity gradients: we know more and less than we thought. Journal of Mammology 73:715-730.
    • (1992) Journal of Mammology , vol.73 , pp. 715-730
  • 86
    • 0028670299 scopus 로고
    • Eastern Pacific molluscan provinces and latitudinal diversity gradient: No evidence for "Rapoport's rule."
    • Roy, K., D. Jablonski, and J. W. Valentine. 1994. Eastern Pacific molluscan provinces and latitudinal diversity gradient: no evidence for "Rapoport's rule." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 91:8871-8874.
    • (1994) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA , vol.91 , pp. 8871-8874
    • Roy, K.1    Jablonski, D.2    Valentine, J.W.3
  • 87
    • 0000116421 scopus 로고
    • Geographical trends in numbers of species
    • Schall, J. J., and E. R. Pianka. 1978. Geographical trends in numbers of species. Science (Washington, D.C.) 201:679-686.
    • (1978) Science (Washington, D.C.) , vol.201 , pp. 679-686
    • Schall, J.J.1    Pianka, E.R.2
  • 88
    • 0000786506 scopus 로고
    • The species-area relation within archipelagos: Models and evidence from island land birds
    • H. J. Firth and J. H. Calaby, eds. Australian Academy of Science, Canberra
    • Schoener, T. W. 1976. The species-area relation within archipelagos: models and evidence from island land birds. Pages 629-642 in H. J. Firth and J. H. Calaby, eds. Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Ornithological Conference. Australian Academy of Science, Canberra.
    • (1976) Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Ornithological Conference , pp. 629-642
    • Schoener, T.W.1
  • 89
    • 0001854356 scopus 로고
    • Coexistence of plant species with similar niches
    • Shmida, A., and S. Ellner. 1984. Coexistence of plant species with similar niches. Vegetatio 58:29-55.
    • (1984) Vegetatio , vol.58 , pp. 29-55
    • Shmida, A.1    Ellner, S.2
  • 90
    • 0000322998 scopus 로고
    • Pattern and biological microsite effects in two shrub communities, southern California
    • Shmida, A., and R. H. Whittaker. 1981. Pattern and biological microsite effects in two shrub communities, southern California. Ecology 62:234-251.
    • (1981) Ecology , vol.62 , pp. 234-251
    • Shmida, A.1    Whittaker, R.H.2
  • 91
    • 0022181546 scopus 로고
    • Biological determinants of species diversity
    • Shmida, A., and M. V. Wilson. 1985. Biological determinants of species diversity. Journal of Biogeography 12:1-20.
    • (1985) Journal of Biogeography , vol.12 , pp. 1-20
    • Shmida, A.1    Wilson, M.V.2
  • 94
    • 0001178527 scopus 로고
    • [Review of] distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world
    • Siegel-Causey, D. 1992. [Review of] distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world. Auk 109:939-944.
    • (1992) Auk , vol.109 , pp. 939-944
    • Siegel-Causey, D.1
  • 95
    • 0003187770 scopus 로고
    • A historical phytogeography of the high Andean flora
    • Simpson, B. 1983. A historical phytogeography of the high Andean flora. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 56:109-122.
    • (1983) Revista Chilena De Historia Natural , vol.56 , pp. 109-122
    • Simpson, B.1
  • 96
    • 0002969802 scopus 로고
    • A method of establishing groups of equal amplitude in plant sociology based on similarity in species content
    • Sørensen, T. 1948. A method of establishing groups of equal amplitude in plant sociology based on similarity in species content. Biologiske Skrifter, Kongelige Danske Videnskabemes Selskab 5:1-34.
    • (1948) Biologiske Skrifter, Kongelige Danske Videnskabemes Selskab , vol.5 , pp. 1-34
    • Sørensen, T.1
  • 97
    • 0024567609 scopus 로고
    • The latitudinal gradient in geographical range: How so many species coexist in the tropics
    • Stevens, G. C. 1989. The latitudinal gradient in geographical range: how so many species coexist in the tropics. American Naturalist 133:240-256.
    • (1989) American Naturalist , vol.133 , pp. 240-256
    • Stevens, G.C.1
  • 98
    • 0027046690 scopus 로고
    • The elevational gradient in altitudinal range: An extension of Rapoport's latitudinal rule to altitude
    • _. 1992. The elevational gradient in altitudinal range: an extension of Rapoport's latitudinal rule to altitude. American Naturalist 140:893-911.
    • (1992) American Naturalist , vol.140 , pp. 893-911
  • 99
    • 0002065972 scopus 로고
    • Birds
    • D. H. Janzen, ed. University of Chicago Press, Chicago
    • Stiles, F. G. 1983. Birds. Pages 502-530 in D. H. Janzen, ed. Costa Rican natural history. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
    • (1983) Costa Rican Natural History , pp. 502-530
    • Stiles, F.G.1
  • 100
    • 0001762375 scopus 로고
    • S = CA Z, Z = 1/4: A reply to Connor and McCoy
    • Sugihara, G. 1981. S = CA Z, Z = 1/4: a reply to Connor and McCoy. American Naturalist 117:790-793.
    • (1981) American Naturalist , vol.117 , pp. 790-793
    • Sugihara, G.1
  • 102
    • 0002656705 scopus 로고
    • Distribution on environmental gradients: Theory and a preliminary interpretation of distributional patterns in the avifauna of the Cordillera Vilcabamba, Peru
    • Terborgh, J. 1971. Distribution on environmental gradients: theory and a preliminary interpretation of distributional patterns in the avifauna of the Cordillera Vilcabamba, Peru. Ecology 52:23-40.
    • (1971) Ecology , vol.52 , pp. 23-40
    • Terborgh, J.1
  • 103
    • 0001366655 scopus 로고
    • On the notion of favorableness in plant ecology
    • _. 1973. On the notion of favorableness in plant ecology. American Naturalist 107:481-501.
    • (1973) American Naturalist , vol.107 , pp. 481-501
  • 104
    • 85063915399 scopus 로고
    • Bird species diversity on an Andean elevational gradient
    • _. 1977. Bird species diversity on an Andean elevational gradient. Ecology 58:1007-1019.
    • (1977) Ecology , vol.58 , pp. 1007-1019
  • 105
    • 0022189915 scopus 로고
    • The role of ecotones in the distribution of Andean birds
    • _. 1985. The role of ecotones in the distribution of Andean birds. Ecology 66:1237-1246.
    • (1985) Ecology , vol.66 , pp. 1237-1246
  • 106
    • 0001374297 scopus 로고
    • The role of competition in the distribution of Andean birds
    • Terborgh, J., and J. S. Weske. 1975. The role of competition in the distribution of Andean birds. Ecology 56:562-576.
    • (1975) Ecology , vol.56 , pp. 562-576
    • Terborgh, J.1    Weske, J.S.2
  • 107
    • 0344989800 scopus 로고
    • L'evolution des peuplements d'oiseaux tropicaux le long d'un gradient altitudinal dans Phimalaya central
    • Thiollay, J. M. 1980. L'evolution des peuplements d'oiseaux tropicaux le long d'un gradient altitudinal dans Phimalaya central. Terre et Vie 34:199-269.
    • (1980) Terre et Vie , vol.34 , pp. 199-269
    • Thiollay, J.M.1
  • 109
    • 0027332772 scopus 로고
    • Species richness of experimental productivity gradients: How important is colonization limitation?
    • _. 1993. Species richness of experimental productivity gradients: how important is colonization limitation? Ecology 74:2179-2191.
    • (1993) Ecology , vol.74 , pp. 2179-2191
  • 110
    • 0027704788 scopus 로고
    • The maintenance of species richness in plant communities
    • R. E. Ricklefs and D. Schluter, eds. University of Chicago Press, Chicago
    • Tilman, D., and S. Pacala. 1993. The maintenance of species richness in plant communities. Pages 13-25 in R. E. Ricklefs and D. Schluter, eds. Species diversity in ecological communities: historical and geographical perspectives. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
    • (1993) Species Diversity in Ecological Communities: Historical and Geographical Perspectives , pp. 13-25
    • Tilman, D.1    Pacala, S.2
  • 112
    • 0001659587 scopus 로고
    • Insular biogeography in continental regions. I. the northern Andes of South America
    • Vuilleumier, F. 1970. Insular biogeography in continental regions. I. The northern Andes of South America. American Naturalist 104:373-388.
    • (1970) American Naturalist , vol.104 , pp. 373-388
    • Vuilleumier, F.1
  • 113
    • 0001226978 scopus 로고
    • Vegetation of the Siskiyou Mountains, Oregon and California
    • Whittaker, R. H. 1960. Vegetation of the Siskiyou Mountains, Oregon and California. Ecological Monographs 30:279-338.
    • (1960) Ecological Monographs , vol.30 , pp. 279-338
    • Whittaker, R.H.1
  • 114
    • 0001657739 scopus 로고
    • Vegetation of Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona. V. biomass, production, and diversity along the elevation gradient
    • Whittaker, R. H., and W. A. Niering. 1975. Vegetation of Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona. V. biomass, production, and diversity along the elevation gradient. Ecology 56:771-790.
    • (1975) Ecology , vol.56 , pp. 771-790
    • Whittaker, H.R.1    Niering, W.A.2
  • 117
    • 0021562554 scopus 로고
    • Measuring beta diversity with presence-absence data
    • Wilson, M. V., and A. Shmida. 1984. Measuring beta diversity with presence-absence data. Journal of Ecology 72:1055-1064.
    • (1984) Journal of Ecology , vol.72 , pp. 1055-1064
    • Wilson, M.V.1    Shmida, A.2
  • 118
    • 0020901565 scopus 로고
    • Species-energy theory: An extension of species-area theory
    • Wright, D. H. 1983. Species-energy theory: an extension of species-area theory. Oikos 41:496-506.
    • (1983) Oikos , vol.41 , pp. 496-506
    • Wright, D.H.1
  • 119
    • 0028011322 scopus 로고
    • Geographic and seasonal patterns of clutch-size variation in house wrens
    • Young, B. E. 1994. Geographic and seasonal patterns of clutch-size variation in house wrens. Auk 111:545-555.
    • (1994) Auk , vol.111 , pp. 545-555
    • Young, B.E.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.