Hydrothermal fluxes at mid-ocean ridges and on ridge flanks

Comptes Rendus - Geoscience

Volumn 335, Issue 10-11, 2003, Pages 853-864

  Alt, Jeffrey C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

Hydrothermal fluxes; Mid ocean ridges; MOR systems; Ridge flanks

Indexed keywords

HEAT FLUX; HYDROTHERMAL ACTIVITY; MASS TRANSFER; MID-OCEAN RIDGE;

EID: 0242369894     PISSN: 16310713     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.crte.2003.02.001     Document Type: Short Survey

References (81)

1. Alt J.C. Subseafloor processes in mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal systems Humphris S. Lupton J. Mullineaux L. Zierenberg R. Seafloor Hydrothermal Systems, Physical, Chemical, and Biological Interactions Geophysical Monograph 91 1995 85-114 AGU Washington DC
2. Alt J.C. Sulfur Isotopic Profile through the Oceanic Crust: Sulfur mobility and seawater-crustal sulfur exchange during hydrothermal alteration Geology 23 1995 585-588
3. Alt J.C. Very Low Grade Hydrothermal Metamorphism of Basic Igneous Rocks Frey M. Robinson D. Very Low Grade Metamorphism 1999 169-201 Blackwell Scientific
4. Alt J.C. The stable isotopic composition of upper oceanic crust formed at a fast spreading ridge, ODP Site 801 Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 4 2003 8908 doi: 10.1029/2002GC00400
5. Alt J.C. Teagle D.A.H. Uptake of carbon during alteration of oceanic crust Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 63 1999 1527-1535
6. Alt J.C. Teagle D.A.H. Hydrothermal alteration and fluid fluxes in ophiolites and oceanic crust Dilek Y. Moores E. Elthon D. Nicolas A. Ophiolites and Oceanic Crust: New Insights from Field Studies and the Ocean Drilling Program, Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Paper 349 2000 273-282
7. Alt J.C. Shanks W.C. Serpentinization of abyssal peridotites from the mark area, Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Sulfur geochemistry and reaction modeling Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67 2003 641-653
8. Alt J.C. Honnorez J. Laverne C. Emmermann R. Hydrothermal alteration of a 1 km section through the upper oceanic crust. DSDP Hole 504B: Mineralogy, chemistry and evolution of seawater-basalt interactions J. Geophys. Res. 91 1986 309-335
9. Alt J.C. Teagle D.A.H. Laverne C. Vanko D. Bach W. Honnorez J. Becker K. Ayadi M. Pezard P.A. Ridge flank alteration of upper ocean crust in the eastern Pacific: A synthesis of results for volcanic rocks of holes 504B and 896A Alt J.C. Kinoshita H. Stokking L.B. Michael P.J. Proceedings ODP, Scientific Results, Vol. 148 1996 434-452 Ocean Drilling Program College Station, TX
10. Alt J.C. Laverne C. Vanko D. Tartarotti P. Teagle D.A.H. Bach W. Zuleger E. Erzinger J. Honnorez J. Pezard P.A. Becker K. Salisbury M.H. Wilkens R.H. Hydrothermal alteration of a section of upper oceanic crust in the eastern equatorial Pacific: A synthesis of results from Site 504 (DSDP legs 69, 70, and 83, and ODP legs 111, 137, 140, and 148) Alt J.C. Kinoshita H. Stokking L. Michael P. Proceedings ODP, Scientific Results, Vol. 148 1996 417-434 Ocean Drilling Program College Station, TX
11. Alt J.C. Davidson G.J. Teagle D.A.H. Karson J.A. The isotopic composition of gypsum in the Macquarie island ophiolite: Implications for the sulfur cycle and the subsurface biosphere in oceanic crust Geology 21 2003 549-552
12. Bach W. Alt J.C. Niu Y. Humphris S.E. Erzinger J. Dick H.J.B. The chemical consequences of late-stage hydrothermal circulation in an uplifted block of lower ocean crust at the SW Indian Ridge: Results from ODP Hole 735B (Leg 176) Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 19 2001 3267-3287
13. Baker E.T. Chen Y.J. Phipps Morgan J. The relationship between near-axis hydrothermal cooling and spreading rate of mid-ocean ridges Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 142 1996 137-145
14. Bischoff J.L. Rosenbauer R.J. An empirical equation of state for hydrothermal seawater (3.2 percent NaCl) Am. J. Sci. 285 1985 725-763
15. Bohlke J.K. Honnorez J. Honnorez-Guerstein B.M. Muehlenbachs K. Petersen N. Heterogeneous alteration of the upper oceanic crust: correlation of rock chemistry, magnetic properties, and O isotope ratios with alteration patterns in basalts from Site 396B DSDP J. Geophys. Res. 86 1981 7935-7950
16. Brewer T.S., et-al. Ocean floor volcanism: constraints from the integration of core and downhole logging measurments Harvey P.K. Lovell M.A. Core-Log Integration 1998 341-362 Geol. Society London
17. Brewer T.S. Harvey P.K. Haggas S. Pezard P. Goldberg D. Borehole images of the ocean crust: case histories from the Ocean Drilling Program Lovell M.A. Williamson G. Harvey P.K. Borehole Imaging: Applications and Case Histories 1999 283-294 Geol. Society London
18. Butterfield D.A. Nelson B.K. Wheat C.G. Mottl M.J. Roe K.K. Evidence for basaltic Sr in mid-ocean ridge flank hydrothermal systems and importance for the global oceanic Sr isotope balance Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 65 2001 4141-4153
19. Chan L.-H. Alt J.C. Teagle D.A.H. Lithium and lithium isotope profiles through the upper oceanic crust: A study of seawater basalt exchange at ODP Sites 504b and 896A Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 201 2002 187-201
20. Chen Y.J. Phipps Morgan J. The effects of spreading rate, the magma budget, and the geometry of magma emplacement on the axial heat flux at mid-ocean ridges J. Geophys. Res. 101 1996 11475-11482
21. Dick H.J.B. Natland J. Alt J. Bach W. Bideau D. Gee J. Haggas S. Hertogen J. Hirth G. Holm P. Ildefonse B. Iturrino G. John B. Kelley D. Kikawa E. Kingdon A. LeRoux P. Maeda J. Meyer P. Miller D.J. Naslund H.R. Niu Y.L. Robinson P. Snow J. Stephen R. Trimby P. Worm H.U. Yoshinobu A. A long in-situ section of the lower ocean crust: Results of ODP Leg 176 drilling at the southwest Indian Ridge Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 179 2000 31-51
22. Donnelly T.W. Pritchard R.A. Emmermann R. Puchelt H. The aging of oceanic crust: synthesis of mineralogical and chemical results of DSDP Legs 51-53 Donnelly T.W. Initial Reports DSDP, 51-53 Part 2 1979 1563-1577 U.S Gov't. Printing Office Washington
23. Douville E. Charlou J.L. Oelkers E.H. Bienvenu P. Jove Colon C.F. Donval J.P. Fouquet Y. Prieur D. Appriou P. The rainbow vent fluids (36°14′N, MAR): the influence of ultramafic rocks and phase separation on trace metal content in Mid-Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal fluids Chem. Geol. 184 2002 37-48
24. Edmond J.M. Measures C. McDuff R.E. Chan L.H. Collier R. Grant B. Gordon L.I. Corliss J.B. Ridge crest hydrothermal activity and the balances of the major and minor elements in the ocean: the Galapagos data Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 46 1979 1-18
25. Edmonds H.N. Edmond J.M. A three-component mixing model for ridge-crest hydrothermal fluids Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 134 1995 53-67
26. Elderfield H. Schultz A. Mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal fluxes and the chemical composition of the ocean Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 24 1996 191-224
27. Elderfield H. Wheat C.G. Mottl M.J. Monnin C. Fluid and geochemical transport through oceanic crust: a transect across the eastern flank of the Juan de Fuca Ridge Earth Planet Sci. Lett. 172 1999 151-165
28. Gillis K.M. Controls on hydrothermal alteration in a section of fast-spreading oceanic crust Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 134 1995 473-489
29. Gillis K.M. Subseafloor geology of hydrothermal systems at oceanic spreading centers Halbach P. Tunnicliffe V. Hein J. Dahlem Workshop Report on Energy and Mass Transfer in Marine Hydrothermal Systems 2003 53-70 Dahlem University Press
30. Gillis K.M. Thompson G. Metabasalts from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: new insights into hydrothermal systems in slow-spreading crust Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 113 1993 502-523
31. Gillis K.M. Thompson G. Kelley D.S. A view of the lower crustal component of hydrothermal systems at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge J. Geophys. Res. 98 1993 19597-19619
32. Ginster U. Mottl M.J. Von Herzen R.P. Heat flux from black smokers on the Endeavor and Cleft segments, Juan de Fuca Ridge J. Geophys. Res. 99 1994 4937-4950
33. Hart R. Chemical exchange between seawater and deep ocean basalts Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 9 1973 269-279
34. Hart S.R. Staudigel H. The control of alkalis and uranium in seawater by ocean crust alteration Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 58 1982 202-212
35. Hart S.R. Staudigel H. Ocean crust vein mineral deposition: Rb/Sr ages, U-Th-Pb geochemistry, and duration of circulation at DSDP Sites 261, 462, and 516 Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 50 1986 2751-2761
36. Hart S.R. Blusztajn J. Dick H.J.B. Lawrence J.R. Fluid circulation in the oceanic crust: Contrast between volcanic and plutonic regimes J. Geophys. Res. 99 1994 3163-3174
37. Hart S.R. Blusztajn J. Dick H.J.B. Meyer P.S. Muehlenbachs K. The fingerprint of seawater circulation in a 500-meter section of ocean crust gabbros Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 63 1999 4059-4080
38. Honnorez J. Laverne C. Hubberten H.W. Emmermann R. Muehlenbachs K. Alteration processes of layer 2 basalts from DSDP Hole 504B, Costa Rica Rift Cann J.R. Honnorez J. Langseth M.G. Von Herzen R.P. White S.M. Initial Reports DSDP, Vol. 70 1983 509-546 U.S. Government Printing Office Washington
39. Honnorez J. Alt J.C. Honnorez B.M. Laverne C. Muehlenbachs K. Saltzman E. Ruiz J. Stockwork-like sulfide mineralization in young oceanic crust: DSDP Hole 504B Honnorez J. Anderson R.N. Becker K., et-al. Initial Reports DSDP, Vol. 83 1985 263-282 U.S. Government Printing Office Washington
40. Humphris S.E. Thompson G. Hydrothermal alteration of oceanic basalts by sea water Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 42 1978 107-125
41. 4He in the Galapagos submarine hydrothermal waters Nature 272 1978 156-158
42. D. Kadko, E. Baker, J.C. Alt, J. Baross, Global impact of submarine hydrothermal processes, RIDGE/VENTS workshop report, 1994, 55 pp
43. Kadko D. Baross J. Alt J.C. Hydrothermal fluxes and global change Humphris S. Lupton J. Mullineaux L. Zierenberg R. Seafloor Hydrothermal Systems, Physical, Chemical, and Biological Interactions Geophysical Monograph 91 1995 446-466 AGU Washington, DC
44. Kelley D.S., et-al. An off-axis hydrothermal vent field near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 30°N Nature 412 2001 145-149
45. Kelley D.S. Baross J.A. Delaney J.R. Volcanoes, fluids, and life at mid-ocean ridge spreading centers Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 30 2002 385-491
46. Krasnov S.G., et-al. Detailed geological studies of hydrothermal fields in the North Atlantic Parson L.M. Walker C.L. Dixon D.R. Hydrothermal Vents and Processes Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ. 87 1995 43-64
47. Laverne C. Agrinier P. Hermitte D. Bohn M. Chemical fluxes during hydrothermal alteration of a 1200-m long section of dikes in the oceanic crust, DSDP/ODP Hole 504B Chem. Geol. 181 2001 73-98
48. Lister C.R.B. "Active" and "passive" hydrothermal systems in the ocean crust. Predicted physical conditions Fanning K.A. Manheim F.T. The Dynamic Environment of the Ocean Floor 1982 441-470 D.C. Heath Lexington, MA
49. Morton J.L. Sleep N.H. A mid-ocean ridge thermal model: constraints on the volume of axial hydrothermal heat flux J. Geophys. Res. 90 1985 11345-11353
50. Mottl M.J. Metabasalts, axial hot springs, and the structure of hydrothermal systems at mid-ocean ridges Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 94 1983 161-180
51. Mottl M.J. Partitioning of heat and mass fluxes between mid-ocean ridge axes and flanks at high and low temperature Halbach P. Tunnicliffe V. Hein J. Dahlem Workshop Report on Energy and Mass Transfer in Marine Hydrothermal Systems 2003 271-286 Dahlem University Press
52. Mottl M.J. Wheat C.G. Hydrothermal circulation through mid-ocean ridge flanks: fluxes of heat and magnesium Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58 1994 2225-2237
53. Muehlenbachs K.M. The oxygen isotopic composition of the oceans, sediments and the seafloor Chem. Geol. 145 1998 263-273
54. Muehlenbachs K. Clayton R.N. Oxygen isotope composition of the oceanic crust and its bearing on seawater J. Geophys. Res. 81 1976 4365-4369
55. Pelayo A.M. Stein S. Stein C.A. Estimation of oceanic hydrothermal heat flux from heat flow and depths of mid-ocean ridge seismicity and magma chambers Geophys. Res. Lett. 21 1994 713-716
56. Rona P.A. Trivett D.A. Discrete and diffuse heat transfer at ASHES vent vield, Axial Volcano, Juan de Fuca Ridge Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 109 1992 57-71
57. Révillon S. Barr S.R. Brewer T.S. Harvey P.K. Tarney J. An alternative approach using integrated gamma-ray and geochemical data to estimate the inputs to subduction zones from ODP Leg 185, Site 801 Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 3 2002 8902 doi:10.1029/2002GC000344.
58. Schultz A. Delaney J.R. McDuff R.E. On the partitioning of heat flux between diffuse and point source seafloor venting J. Geophys. Res. 97 1992 12229-12314
59. Seyfried W.E. Janecky D.R. Mottl M.J. Alteration of the oceanic crust; Implications for the geochemical cycles of lithium and boron Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 48 1984 557-569
60. Seyfried W.E. Ding K. Berndt M.E. Chen X. Experimental and theoretical controls on the composition of mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal fluids Barrie T. Hannington M. Volcanic Associated Massive Sulfide Deposits Reviews in Economic Geology 8 1999 181-200 Soc. Econ. Geol. Chelsea MI
61. Shanks W.C. Bohlke J.K. Seal R.R. Stable Isotopes: Tracers of interactions between fluids, minerals, and organisms Humphris S. Lupton J. Mullineaux L. Zierenberg R. Physical, Chemical, Biological and Geological Interactions within Submarine Hydrothermal Systems Geophysical Monograph 91 1995 85-114 AGU Washington
62. Shipboard Scientific party Site 801 Plank T. Ludden J.N. Escutia C., et-al. Proc. ODP. Init. Repts., Vol. 185 2000 1-222 [online] http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/ 185_IR/VOLUME/CHAPTERS/IR185_03.PDF
63. Sleep N.H. Hydrothermal circulation, anhydrite precipitation, and thermal structure at ridge axes J. Geophys. Res. 96 1991 2375-2387
64. Spivack A.J. Edmond J.M. Boron isotope exchange between seawater and the oceanic crust Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 51 1987 1033-1043
65. Spivack A.J. Staudigel H. Low-temperature alteration of the upper oceanic crust and the alkalinity budget of seawater Chem. Geol. 115 1994 239-247
66. Staudigel H. Hart S.R. Dating of ocean crust hydrothermal alteration: Strontium isotope ratios from Hole 504B carbonates and the re-interpretation of Sr isotope data from Deep Sea Drilling Project Sites 105, 332, 417, and 418 Anderson R.N. Honnorez J. Becker K. Initial Reports DSDP, Vol. 83 1985 297-303 U.S. Govt. Printing Office Washington
67. Staudigel H.R. Hart S.R. Schmincke H.U. Smith B.M. Cretaceous ocean crust at DSDP Sites 417 and 418: Carbon uptake from weathering versus loss by magmatic outgassing Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 53 1989 3091
68. Staudigel H. Davies G.R. Hart S.R. Marchant K.M. Smith B.M. Large scale Sr, Nd, and O isotopic anatomy of altered oceanic crust: DSDP sites 417/418 Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 130 1995 169-185
69. Staudigel H. Plank T. White W. Schmincke H.U. Geochemical fluxes during seafloor alteration of the basaltic upper oceanic crust: DSDP Sites 417 and 418 Subduction Top to Bottom Geophys. Monogr. 96 1996 19-38 AGU Washington
70. Stein C.A. Stein S. Constraints on hydrothermal heat flux through the oceanic lithosphere from global heat flow J. Geophys. Res. 99 1994 3081-3096
71. Talbi E.H. Honnorez J. Clauer N. Gauthier-Lafaye F. Stille P. Petrology, isotope geochemistry and chemical budgets of oceanic gabbros-seawater interactions in the equatorial Atlantic Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 137 1999 246-266
72. Teagle D.A.H. Alt J.C. Halliday A.N. Tracing the chemical evolution of fluids during hydrothermal recharge: Constraints from anhydrite recovered in ODP Hole 504B Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 155 1998 167-182
73. Thompson G. A geochemical study of the low-temperature interaction of seawater and oceanic igneous rocks EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 54 1973 1015-1019
74. Thompson G. Basalt-seawater interaction Rona P.A. Bostrom K. Smith K.L. Hydrothermal Processes at Seafloor Spreading Centers 1983 225-278
75. Von Damm K.L. Controls on the chemistry and temporal variability of fluids Humphris S. Lupton J. Mullineaux L. Zierenberg R. Seafloor Hydrothermal Systems, Physical, Chemical, and Biological Interactions Geophysical Monograph 91 1995 222-247 AGU Washington, DC
76. Von Damm K.L. Edmond J.M. Grant B. Measures C. Walden B. Weiss R.F. Chemistry of hydrothermal solutions at 21°N, East Pacific Rise Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 49 1985 1031-1083
77. Waggoner D.G. The age and alteration of central Pacific oceanic crust near Hawaii, Site 843 Wilkens R.H. Firth J. Bender J. Proceedings ODP, Vol. 136 1993 119-132 Ocean Drilling Program College Station, TX
78. 18δO values Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 65 2001 2469-2485
79. Wheat C.G. Mottl M.J. Composition of pore and spring waters from baby bare: global implications of geochemical fluxes from a ridge flank hydrothermal system Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 64 2000 629-642
80. Wolery T.J. Sleep N.H. Hydrothermal circulation and geochemical flux at mid-ocean ridges J. Geol. 84 1976 249-275
81. Zuleger E. Alt J.C. Erzinger J. Primary and secondary variations in major and trace element geochemistry of the lower sheeted dike complex, ODP Hole 504B, Leg 140 Dick Erzinger Stokking, et-al. Proc. ODP, Sci. Results 140 1995 65-80