Geochemistry of hydrothermally altered oceanic crust: DSDP/ODP Hole 504B-Implications for seawater-crust exchange budgets and Sr-and Pb-isotopic evolution of the mantle

Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems

Volumn 4, Issue 3, 2003, Pages

  Bach, Wolfgang ^a   Bernhard, Peucker Ehrenbrink ^a   Hart, Stanley R ^a   Blusztajn, Jerzy S ^a  

^a WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION   (United States)

Author keywords

Chemical fluxes; Hole 504B; Hydrothermal processes fluid flow; Isotopic evolution; Ocean crust

Indexed keywords

EID: 0142188494     PISSN: 15252027     EISSN: 15252027     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2002GC000419     Document Type: Article

References (91)

1. Agar, S. M., Microstructural evolution of a deformation zone in the upper ocean crust: evidence from DSDP Hole 504B, J. Geodyn., 13, 119-140, 1991.
2. Alt, J. C., Sulfur isotope profile through the oceanic crust: Sulfur mobility and seawater-crustal sulfur exchange during hydrothermal alteration, Geology, 23, 585-588, 1995.
3. Alt, J. C., and R. Emmermann, Geochemistry of hydrothermally altered basalts: Deep Sea Drilling Project Hole 504B, Leg 83, in Inital Rep. Deep Sea Drill. Proj., 83, 249-262, 1985.
4. Alt, J. C., and D. A. H. Teagle, The uptake of carbon during alteration of ocean crust, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 63, 1527-1535, 1999.
5. Alt, J. C., J. Honnorez, C. Laverne, and R. Emmermann, Hydrothermal alteration of a 1 km section through the upper oceanic crust. DSDP Hole 504B: Mineralogy, chemistry and evolution of seawater-basalt interactions, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 309-335, 1986.
6. Alt, J. C., T. F. Anderson, and L. Bonnell, The geochemistry of sulfur in a 1.3 km section of hydrothermally altered oceanic crust, DSDP Hole 504B, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 53, 1011-1023, 1989.
7. Alt, J. C., C. Laverne, D. Vanko, P. Tartarotti, D. A. H. Teagle, W. Bach, E. Zuleger, J. Erzinger, and J. Honnorez, Hydrothermal alteration of a section of upper oceanic crust in the eastern equatorial Pacific: A synthesis of results from DSDP/ ODP Legs 69, 70, 83, 111, 137, 140, and 148 at Site 504B, Proc. Ocean Drill Program Sci. Results, 148, 417-434, 1996a.
8. Alt, J. C., D. A. H. Teagle, W. Bach, A. N. Halliday, and J. Erzinger, Stable and strontium isotopic profiles through hydrothermally altered upper oceanic crust, ODP Hole 504B, Proc. Ocean Drill Program Sci. Results, 148, 57-69, 1996b.
9. Alt, J. C., D. A. H. Teagle, C. Laverne, D. Vanko, W. Bach, J. Honnorez, and K. Becker, Ridge flank alteration of upper oceanic crust in the eastern Pacific: A synthesis of results for volcanic rocks of Holes 504B and 896A, Proc. Ocean Drill. Program Sci. Results, 148, 435-450, 1996c.
10. Andrews, A. J., On the effect of low-tempeature seawater-basalt interaction on the distribution of sulfur in oceanic crust, Layer 2, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 46, 68-80, 1979.
11. Bach, W., and J. Erzinger, Volatile components in basalts and basaltic glasses from the EPR at 9°30′N, Proc. Ocean Drill. Program Sci. Results, 142, 23-29, 1995.
12. Bach, W., and W. Irber, REE mobility in the oceanic lower sheeted dyke complex: Evidence from geochemical data and leaching experiments, Chem. Geol., 151, 309-326, 1998.
13. Bach, W., J. Erzinger, J. C. Alt, and D. A. H. Teagle, Chemistry of the lower sheeted dike complex, ODP Hole 504B, Leg 148: The influence of magmatic differentiation and hydrothermal alteration, in, Proc. Ocean Drill. Program Sci. Results, 148, 39-55, 1996a.
14. Bach, W., J. Erzinger, L. Dosso, C. Bollinger, H. Bougault, J. Etoubleau, and J. Sauerwein, Unusually large Nb-Ta depletions in North Chile Ridge basalts at 36°50′ to 38°56′S: Major element, trace element, and isotopic dat, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 142, 223-240, 1996b.
15. Bach, W., J. C. Alt, Y. Niu, S. E. Humphris, J. Erzinger, and H. J. B. Dick, The geochemical consequences of late-stage low-grade alteration of lower ocean crust at the SW Indian Ridge: Results from ODP Hole 735B (Leg 176), Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 65, 3267-3287, 2001.
16. Barrett, T. J., and H. Friedrichsen, Strontium and oxygen isotopic composition of some basalts from Hole 504B, Costa Rica Rift, DSDP Legs 69 and 70, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 60, 27-38, 1982.
17. Becker, K., M. G. Langseth, R. P. Von Herzen, and R. N. Anderson, Deep crustal geothermal measurements, Hole 504B, Costa Rica Rift, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 3447-3457, 1983.
18. Bednarz, U., and H. U. Schmincke, Mass transfer during subseafloor alteration of the upper Troodos crust (Cyprus), Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 102, 93-101, 1989.
19. Belyi, V. M., A. A. Migdisov, N. V. Barskaya, and V. A. Grinenko, Sulfur isotope composition of hydrothermal sulfides from Hole 504B, DSDP Leg 70, Costa Rica Rift, Inital Rep. Deep Sea Drill. Proj., 83, 619-627, 1983.
20. Bickle, M. J., and D. A. H. Teagle, Strontium alteration in the Troodos ophiolite: implications for fluid fluxes and geochemical transport in mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal systems Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 113, 219-237, 1992.
21. Bloch, A., Some factors controlling the concentration of uranium in the world ocean, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 44, 373-377, 1980.
22. Brewer, T. S., P. K. Harvey, M. A. Lowell, and G. Williamson, Stratigraphy of the ocean crust in ODP Hole 896A from FMS images, Sci. Drill., 5, 87-92, 1995.
23. Butterfield, D. A., B. K. Nelson, C. G. Wheat, M. J. Mottl, and K. K. Roe, Evidence for basaltic Sr in mid-ocean ridge-flank hydrothermal systems and implications for the global oceanic Sr isotope balance, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 65, 4141-4153, 2001.
24. Chauvel, C., S. L. Goldstein, and A. W. Hofmann, Hydration and dehydration of oceanic crust controls Pb evolution in the mantle, Chem. Geol., 126, 65-75, 1995.
25. Christie, D. M., I. S. E. Carmichael, and C. H. Langmuir, Oxidation states of mid-ocean ridge basalt glasses, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 79, 397-411, 1986.
26. Detrick, R., J. Collins, R. Stephen, and S. Swift, In situ evidence for the nature of the seismic layer 2/3 boundary in oceanic crust, Nature, 370, 288-290, 1994.
27. Dunk, R. M., R. A. Mills, and W. J. Jenkins, A reevaluation of the oceanic uranium budget for the Holocene, Chem. Geol., 190, 45-67, 2002.
28. Elliott, T., A. Zindler, and B. Bourdon, Exploring the kappa conundrum: the role of recycling in the lead isotope evolution of the manlte, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 169, 129-145, 1999.
29. Emmermann, R., Basement geochemistry, Hole 504B, Initial Rep. Deep Sea Drill. Proj., 83, 183-199, Government Printing Office, U.S., Washington, D.C., 1985.
30. Etoubleau, J., O. Corre, J. L. Joron, H. Bougault, and M. Treuil, Costa Rica Rift: Variability depleted basalts in the same hole, in Initial Rep, Deep Sea Drill. Proj., 69, 765-773, 1983.
31. Faure, G., Principles of Isotopes Geology, 589 pp., John Wiley, New York, 1986.
32. Fine, G., and E. M. Stolper, Dissolved carbon dioxide in basaltic glasses: Concentrations and speciation, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 76, 263-278, 1986.
33. Fisher, A. T., Permeability within basaltic oceanic crust, Rev. Geophys., 36, 143-182, 1998.
34. Fisher, A. T., and K. Becker, Channelized fluid flow in oceanic crust reconciles heat-flow and permeability data, Nature, 403, 71-74, 2000.
35. Galer, S. J. G., and R. K. O'Nions, Residence time of thorium, uranium and lead in the mantle with implications for mantle convection, Nature, 316, 778-782, 1985.
36. 18O buffering of the oceans by deep (>5 km) seawater-hydrothermal circulation at mid-ocean ridges, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 2737-2755, 1981.
37. Haggas, S. L., T. S. Brewer, and P. K. Harvey, Architecture of the volcanic layer from the Costa Rica Rift, constraints from core-log integration, J. Geophys. Res., 107(B2), 2031, doi:10.1029/2002GC000419, 2002.
38. Harper, G. D., J. R. Bowman, and R. Kuhns, A field, chemical, and stable isotope study of subseafloor metamorphism of the Josephine ophiolite, California-Oregon, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 4625-4656, 1988.
39. Hart, S. R., and H. Staudigel, The control of alkalies and uranium in seawater by ocean crust alteration, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 58, 202-212, 1982.
40. Hart, S. R., and H. Staudigel, Isotopic characterization and identification of recycled components, in Crust/Mantle Recycling at Convergence Zones, edited by S. R. Hart and L. Gülen, pp. 15-28, Kluwer Acad., Norwell, Mass., 1989.
41. Hart, S. R., J. Blusztajn, H. J. B. Dick, P. S. Meyer, and K. Muehlenbachs, The fingerprint of seawater circulation in a 500-meter section of ocean crust gabbros, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 63, 4059-4080, 1999.
42. Hawkesworth, C. J., J. M. Hergt, R. M. Ellam, and F. Mcdermott, Element Fluxes Associated with Subduction Related Magmatism, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, A335, 393-405, 1991.
43. Hofmann, A. W., and W. M. White, Mantle plumes from ancient oceanic crust, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 57, 421-436, 1982.
44. Honnorez, J., The aging of the oceanic crust at low temperature, in The Sea, edited by C. Emiliani, pp. 525-587, John Wiley, New York, 1981.
45. Honnorez, J., C. Laverne, H.-W. Hubberten, R. Emmermann, and K. Muehlenbachs, Alteration processes in layer 2 basalts from Deep Sea Drilling Project Hole 504B, Costa Rica Rift, Inital. Rep. Deep Sea Drill. Proj., 69, 509-546, 1983.
46. Honnorez, J., J. C. Alt, B.-M. Honnorez-Guerstein, C. Laverne, K. Muehlenbachs, J. Ruiz, and E. Saltzman, Stockwork-like sulfide mienralization in young oceanic crust: Deep Sea Drilling Project Hole 504B, Initial Rep. Deep Sea Drill. Proj., 83, 263-282, 1985.
47. Johnson, D. M., Crack distribution in the upper oceanic crust and its effects upon seismic velocity, seismic structure, formation permeability, and fluid circulation, Initial Rep. Deep Sea Drill. Proj., 51-53, 1479-1490, 1979.
48. Johnson, K. T. M., M. R. Fisk, and H. R. Naslund, Silicate melt inclusions from ODP Leg 140 diabases: Petrogenetic implications, Eos Trans. AGU, 76(17), Spring Meet. Suppl., F267, 1995.
49. Keppler, H., Constraints from partitioning experiments on the composition of subduction-zone fluids, Nature, 380, 237-240, 1996.
50. Laverne, C., P. Agrinier, and D. Hermitte, Chemical fluxes during hydrothermal alteration of a 1200-m long section of dikes in the oceanic crust, DSDP/ODP Hole 504B, Chem. Geol., 181, 73-98, 2001.
51. Lecuyer, C., M. Brouxel, and F. Albarede, Elemental fluxes during the hydrothermal alteration of the Trinity ophiolite (California) by seawater, Chem. Geol., 89, 87-115, 1990.
52. Ludden, J. N., and G. Thompson, Behaviour of rare earth elements during submarine weathering of tholeiitic basalt, Nature, 274, 147-149, 1978.
53. Mathez, E. A., Sulfur solubility and magmatic sulfides in submarine basalt glass, J. Geophys. Res., 81, 4269-4275, 1976.
54. Mathez, E. A., Sulfide relations in Hole 418A flows and sulfur contents of glasses, Initial Rep. Deep Sea Drill. Project, 51-53, 1069-1085, 1979.
55. Michard, A., F. Albarede, G. Michard, J. F. Minster, and J. L. Charlou, Rare-earth elements and uranium in high-temperature solutions from East Pacific Rise hydrothermal vent field (13°N), Nature, 303, 795-797, 1983.
56. Miller, D. M., S. L. Goldstein, and C. H. Langmuir, Cerium Lead and Lead Isotope Ratios in Arc Magmas and the Enrichment of Lead in the Continents, Nature, 368, 514-520, 1994.
57. Mottl, M. J., and C. G. Wheat, Hydrothermal circulation through mid-ocean ridge flanks: Fluxes of heat and magnesium, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 58, 2225-2237, 1994.
58. Mottl, M. J., J. Dixon, J. Alt, S. Humphris, M. Lilley, P. Rona, and F. Sansone, Hydrothermal flux working group summary, in RIDGE/VENT Workshop Report, edited by D. Kadko, E. Baker, J. Alt, and J. Barross, pp. 4-15, RIDGE Office, Durban, N.H., 1994.
59. Mottl, M. J., G. Wheat, E. Baker, N. Becker, E. Davis, R. Feely, A. Grehan, D. Kadko, M. Lilley, G. Massoth, C. Moyer, and F. Sansone, Warm springs discovered on 3.5 Ma oceanic crust, eastern flank of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, Geology, 26, 51-54, 1998.
60. Mühe, R., B. Peucker-Ehrenbrink, C. W. Devey, and D. Garbe-Schönberg, On the redistribution of Pb in the oceanic crust during hydrothermal alteration, Chem. Geol., 137, 67-77, 1997.
61. Natland, J. H., A. C. Adamson, C. Laverne, W. G. Melson, and T. O. O'Hearn, A conpositionally nearly steady-state magma chamber at the Costa Rica Rift: Evidence from basalt glass and mineral data, Deep Sea Drilling Project Sites 501, 504, and 505, in Inital Rep. Deep Sea Drill. Proj., 69, 811-858, 1983.
62. Palmer, M., and J. M. Edmond, The strontium isotopic budget of the modern ocean, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 92, 11-26, 1989.
63. Parsons, B., The rates of plate creation and consumption, Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc., 67, 437-448, 1981.
64. Pearce, J. A., and D. W. Peate, Tectonic implications of the composition of volcanic arc magmas, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 23, 251-285, 1995.
65. Pedersen, R. B., and H. Furnes, Nd-and Pb-isotopic variations through the upper oceanic crust in DSDP/ODP Hole 504B, Costa Rica Rift, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 189, 221-235, 2001.
66. Peucker-Ehrenbrink, B., A. W. Hofmann, and S. R. Hart, Hydrothermal lead transfer from mantle to continental crust-The role of metalliferous sediments, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 125, 129-142, 1994.
67. Richardson, S. H., S. R. Hart, and H. Staudigel, Vein mineral ages of old oceanic crust, J. Geophys. Res., 85, 7195-7200, 1980.
68. Rudnick, R. L., and D. M. Fountain, Nature and composition of the continental crust: a lower crustal perspective, Rev. Geophys., 33, 267-309, 1995.
69. Schiffman, P., and B. M. Smith, Petrology and oxygen isotope geochemistry of a fossil seawater hydrothermal system within the Solea Graben, Northern Troodos Ophiolite, Cyprus, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 4612-4624, 1988.
70. Shanks, W. C., J. K. Böhlke, and R. R. Seal, Stable isotopes in mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal systems: Interactions between fluids, minerals, and organisms, in Seafloor Hydrothermal Systems: Physical, Chemical, Biological and Geological Interactions, vol. 91, edited by S. E. Humphris et al., pp. 194-221, AGU, Washington, D.C., 1995.
71. Shimizu, H., K. Mori, and A. Masuda, REE, Ba, and Sr abundances and Sr, Nd, and Ce isotopic ratios in Hole 504B basalts, ODP Leg 111, Costa Rica Rift, Proc. Ocean Drill Program Sci. Results, 111, 77-83, 1989.
72. Staudigel, H., and S. R. Hart, Alteration of basaltic glass: Mechanisms and significance for the oceanic crust-seawater budget, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 47, 337-350, 1983.
73. Staudigel, H., S. R. Hart, H.-U. Schmincke, and B. M. Smith, Cretaceous ocean crust at DSDP Sites 417 and 418: Carbon uptake from weathering versus loss by magmatic outgassing, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 53, 3091-3094, 1989.
74. Staudigel, H., G. R. Davies, S. R. Hart, K. M. Marchant, and B. M. Smith, Large scale isotopic Sr, Nd and O isotopic anatomy of altered oceanic crust: DSDP/ODP sites 417/ 418, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 130, 169-185, 1995.
75. Staudigel, H., T. Plank, B. While, and H.-U. Schmincke, Geochemical fluxes during seafloor alteration of the basaltic upper oceanic crust: DSDP Sites 417 and 418, in Subduction Top to Bottom, vol. 96, edited by G. E. Bebout et al., pp. 19-38, AGU, Washington, D.C., 1996.
76. Sun, S. S., and W. F. McDonough, Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: implications for mantle composition and processes, in Magmatism of the Ocean Basins, edited by A. D. Saunders and M. J. Norry, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 42, 313-345, 1989.
77. Swift, S. A., D. Lizarralde, R. A. Stephen, and H. Hoskins, Velocity structure in upper ocean crust at Hole 504B from vertical seismic profiles, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 15,361-15,376, 1998.
78. Teagle, D. A. H., J. C. Alt, W. Bach, A. Halliday, and J. Erzinger, Alteration of the upper ocean crust in a ridge flank hydrothermal up-flow zone: Mineral, chemical, and isotopic constraints from ODP Hole 896A., in, Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 148, 119-150, 1996.
79. Teagle, D. A. H., J. C. Alt, and A. N. Halliday, Tracing the chemical evolution of fluids during hydrothermal recharge: Constraints from anhydrite recovered in ODP Hole 504B, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 155, 167-182, 1998a.
80. Teagle, D. A. H., J. C. Alt, and A. N. Halliday, Tracing the evolution of hydrothermal fluids in the upper oceanic crust: Sr isotopic constraints from DSDP/ODP Holes 504B and 896A, in Modern Ocean-Floor Processes and the Geological Record, edited by R. A. Mills and K. Harrison, Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., 148, 81-97, 1998b.
81. Teagle, D. A. H., M. J. Bickle, A. C. Davis, and J. C. Alt, Ridge-flank hydrothermal circulation is not a cure for imbalance in oceanic Sr-isotope budgets, Eos Trans. AGU, 82(47), Fall Meet. Suppl., F663, 2001.
82. Thompson, G., Basalt-seawater interaction, in Hydrothermal Processes at Seafloor Spreading Centers, edited by P. A. Rona, K. Bostrom, and K. L. Smith, pp. 225-278, Plenum, New York, 1983.
83. Tual, E., B. M. Jahn, H. Bougault, and J. L. Joron, 7. Geochemistry of basalts from Hole 504B, Leg 83, Costa Rica Rift, Initial Rep. Deep Sea Drill. Proj., 83, 201-214, 1985.
84. Vanko, D., and C. Laverne, Hydrothermal anorthitization of plagioclase within the magmatic/hydrothermal transition at mid-ocean ridges: Examples from deep sheeted dikes (Hole 504B, Costa Rica Rift) and a sheeted dike root zone (Oman ophiolite), Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 162, 27-43, 1998.
85. Wallace, P., and I. S. E. Carmichael, Sulfur in basaltic magmas, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 56, 1863-1874, 1992.
86. Wheat, C. G., and M. J. Mottl, Composition of pore and spring waters from baby bare: Global implications of geochemical fluxes from a ridge flank hydrothermal system, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 64, 629-642, 2000.
87. Wheat, C. G., R. A. Feely, and M. J. Mottl, Phosphate removal by oceanic hydrothermal processes: An update of the phosphorus budget in the oceans, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 60, 3593-3608, 1996.
88. White, W. M., 238U/204Pb in MORB and open system evolution of the depleted mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 115, 4881-4893, 1993.
89. White, W. M., A. W. Hofmann, and H. Puchelt, Isotope geochemistry of Pacific Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalt, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 4881-4893, 1987.
90. Zindler, A., and S. Hart, Chemical geodynamics, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 14, 493-571, 1986.
91. Zuleger, E., J. C. Alt, and J. Erzinger, Primary and secondary variations in major and trace element geochemistry of the lower sheeted dike complex: Hole 504B, Leg 140, in Proc. ODP. Sci. Results, 142, 65-80, 1995.