Exploring the kappa conundrum: The role of recycling in the lead isotope evolution of the mantle

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Volumn 169, Issue 1-2, 1999, Pages 129-145

  Elliott, Tim ^a   Zindler, Alan ^a   Bourdon, Bernard ^a  

^a International Research Institute for Climate and Society   (United States)

Author keywords

Isotopes; Lead; Recycling; Th U; Upper mantle

Indexed keywords

ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; LEAD; LEAD ISOTOPE; MANTLE PROCESS; MID-OCEAN RIDGE BASALT; THORIUM; URANIUM;

EID: 0033617654     PISSN: 0012821X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00077-1     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Allègre C.J., Brevart O., Dupré B., Minster J.-F. Isotopic and chemical effects produced in a continuously differentiating convecting Earth mantle. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A. 297:1980;447-477.
2. Patterson C.C. The age of meteorites and the Earth. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 10:1956;230-237.
3. Vollmer R. Terrestrial lead isotopic evolution and formation time of the Earth's core. Nature. 270:1977;144-147.
4. Allègre C.J. Comportement des systemes U-Th-Pb dans le manteau superieur et modele d'evolution de ce dernier au cours des temps geologiques. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 5:1969;261-269.
5. B.R. Doe, R.E. Zartman, Plumbotectonics I, the Phanerozoic, in: H.L. Barnes (Ed.) Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ore Deposits, Wiley Interscience, New York, 1979, pp. 22-70.
6. Rudnick R.L., Goldstein S.L. The Pb isotopic composition of lower crustal xenoliths and the evolution of lower crustal Pb. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 98:1990;192-207.
7. Oversby V.M., Ringwood A.E. Time of formation of the Earth's core. Nature. 234:1971;463-465.
8. Zindler A., Hart S. Chemical geodynamics. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 14:1986;493-571.
9. Lee D.-C., Halliday A.N. Hafnium-tungsten chronometry and the timing of terrestrial core formation. Nature. 378:1995;771-774.
10. S.J.G. Galer, S.L. Goldstein, Influence of accretion on lead in the Earth, in: Hart, Basu (Eds.), Reading the Isotopic Code, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, Geophys. Monogr. 95 (1996) 75-98.
11. Tatsumoto M. Genetic relations of oceanic basalts as indicated by lead isotopes. Science. 153:1966;1094-1101.
12. Galer S.J.G., O'Nions R.K. Residence time of thorium, uranium and lead in the mantle with implications for mantle convection. Nature. 316:1985;778-782.
13. Galer S.J.G., O'Nions R.K. Magmagenesis and the mapping of chemical and isotopic variations in the mantle. Chem. Geol. 56:1986;45-61.
14. D.J. DePaolo, Neodymium Isotope Geochemistry: An Introduction, Springer, New York, 1988, 187 pp.
15. Salters V.J.M., Hart S.R. The hafnium paradox and the role of garnet in the source of mid-ocean ridge basalts. Nature. 342:1989;420-422.
16. 230Th disequilibrium data. Nature. 384:1996;231-235.
17. Lundstrom C.C., Williams Q., Gill J.B. Investigating solid upwelling rates beneath mid-ocean ridges using U-series disequilibria, 1: a global approach. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 157:1998;151-165.
18. Elliott T. Fractionation of U and Th during mantle melting: a reprise. Chem. Geol. 139:1997;165-183.
19. O'Nions R.K., McKenzie D. Estimates of mantle thorium/uranium ratios from Th, U and Pb isotopic abundances in basaltic melts. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A. 342:1993;65-77.
20. Galer S.J.G., Goldstein S.L., O'Nions R.K. Limits on the chemical and convective isolation in the Earth's interior. Chem. Geol. 75:1989;257-290.
21. 204Pb on MORB and open system evolution of the depleted mantle. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 115:1993;211-226.
22. Gill J.B., Williams R.W. Th isotope and U-series studies of subduction-related volcanic rocks. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 54:1990;1427-1442.
23. McDermott F.M., Hawkesworth C. Th, Pb, and Sr isotope variations in young island arc volcanics and oceanic sediments. Earth Planet. Sci Lett. 104:1991;1-15.
24. Allègre C.J., Dupré B., Lewin E. Thorium/uranium ratio of the earth. Chem. Geol. 56:1986;219-227.
25. Rocholl A., Jochum K.P. Th, U and other trace elements in carbonaceous chondrites: implications for the terrestrial and solar-system Th/U ratios. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 117:1993;265-278.
26. Tatsumoto M. Isotopic composition of lead in oceanic basalt and its implication to mantle evolution. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 38:1978;63-87.
27. Staudigel H., Davies G.R., Hart S.R., Marchant K.M., Smith B.M. Large-scale isotopic Sr, Nd, and O isotopic composition of altered oceanic crust at DSDP/ODP Sites 417/418. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 130:1995;169-185.
28. Liew T.C., Hofmann A.W. Th-U-Pb evolution of the MORB mantle and upper continental crust. Abstr., Geol. Soc. Aus. 27:1990;60.
29. Calas G. Etude experimentale du comportement de l'uranium dans les magmas: etats d'oxydation et coordinance. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 43:1979;1521-1531.
30. Langmuir D. Uranium solution-mineral equilibria at low temperatures with applications to sedimentary rocks. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 42:1978;547-569.
31. S.R. Hart and H. Staudigel, Isotopic characterisation and identification of recycled components, in: Hart, Gulen (Eds.), Crust/Mantle Recycling at Convergent Margins, NATO ASI Ser. 258 (1987) 15-28.
32. H.D. Holland, The Chemical Evolution of the Atmosphere and Oceans, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1984, 582 pp.
33. H.D. Holland, Early Proterozoic atmospheric change, in: S. Bengtson (Ed.), Early Life on Earth, Columbia University Press, New York, 1994.
34. M.M. Kimberly, Uranium Deposits, Their Mineralogy and Their Origin, University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 1978.
35. R.A. Rich, H.D. Holland, U. Petersen, Hydrothermal Uranium Deposits, Elsevier, New York, 1977.
36. McLennan S.M., Taylor S.R. Th and U in sedimentary rocks: crustal evolution and sedimentary recycling. Nature. 285:1980;621-624.
37. Zartman R.E., Doe B.R. Plumbotectonics - the model. Tectonophysics. 75:1981;135-162.
38. Zartman R.E., Haines S.M. The plumbotectonic model for Pb isotopic systematics among major terrestrial reservoirs - a case for bi-directional transport. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 52:1988;1327-1339.
39. Allègre C.J., Lewin E., Dupré B. A coherent crust-mantle model for the uranium-thorium-lead isotopic system. Chem. Geol. 70:1988;211-234.
40. Kramers J.D., Tolstikhin I.N. Two terrestrial lead isotope paradoxes, forward transport modelling, core formation and the history of the continental crust. Chem. Geol. 139:1997;75-110.
41. McCulloch M.T. The role of subducted slabs in an evolving earth. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 115:1993;89-100.
42. Parsons B. The rates of plate creation and consumption. Geophys. J.R. Astron. Soc. 67:1984;437-448.
43. Michard A., Albarède F., Michard G., Minster J.-F., Chalou J.L. Rare-earth elements and uranium in high-temperature solutions from the East Pacific Rise vent field (13°N). Nature. 303:1983;795-797.
44. Albarède F., Michard A. Transfer of continental Mg, S, O and U to the mantle through hydrothermal alteration of the oceanic crust. Chem. Geol. 57:1986;1-15.
45. Klinkhammer G.P., Palmer M.R. Uranium in the oceans: where it goes and why. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 55:1991;1799-1806.
46. Palmer M.R., Edmond J.M. Uranium in river water. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 57:1993;4947-4955.
47. T. Plank, Mantle Melting and Crustal Recycling in Subduction Zones, Columbia University, New York, 1993.
48. Reymer A., Schubert G. Phanerozoic addition rates to the continental crust and crustal growth. Tectonics. 3:1984;63-77.
49. Hawkesworth C.J., Gallagher K., Hergt J.M., McDermott F. Mantle and slab contributions in arc magmas. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 21:1993;175-204.
50. Kay R.W. Volcanic arc magmas: implications of a melting-mixing model for element recycling in the crust-upper mantle system. J. Geol. 88:1980;497-522.
51. White W.M., Dupré B. Sediment subduction and magma genesis in the Lesser Antilles: isotopic and trace element constraints. J. Geophys. Res. 91:1986;5927-5941.
52. Plank T., Langmuir C.H. The geochemical composition of subducting sediment and its consequences for the crust and mantle. Chem. Geol. 145:1998;325-394.
53. J. Ryan, J. Morris, G. Bebout, B. Leeman, Describing chemical fluxes in subduction zones: insights from 'depth profiling' studies of arc and forearc rocks, in: Bebout et al. (Eds.), Subduction Top to Bottom, American Geophysical Union, Washington DC, Geophys. Monogr. 96 (1996) 263-268.
54. Hawkins J.W., Melchoir J.T. Petrology of Mariana trough and Lau basin basalts. J. Geophys. Res. 90:1985;11431-11468.
55. Rea D.K., Ruff L.J. Composition and mass of sediment entering the world's subduction zones: implications for global sediment budgets, great earthquakes and volcanism. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 140:1996;1-12.
56. Armstrong R.L. A model of the evolution of strontium and lead isotopes in a dynamic Earth. Rev. Geophys. 6:1968;175-199.
57. Miller D.M., Goldstein S.L., Langmuir C.H. Cerium/lead and lead isotope ratios in arc magmas and the enrichment of lead in the continents. Nature. 368:1994;514-520.
58. Christensen U.R., Hofmann A.W. Segregation of subducted oceanic crust in the convecting mantle. J. Geophys. Res. 99:1994;19867-19884.
59. Hart S.R. A large scale isotope anomaly in the Southern Hemisphere mantle. Nature. 309:1984;753-757.
60. Hanan B.B., Kingsley R.H., Schilling J.-G. Pb isotope evidence in the South Atlantic for migrating ridge-hotspot interactions. Nature. 322:1986;137-144.