Variational assimilation of SSH variability from TOPEX/POSEIDON and ERS1 into an eddy-permitting model of the North Atlantic

Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans

Volumn 108, Issue 3, 2003, Pages

  Köhl, Armin ^a   Willebrand, Jürgen ^a  

^a GEOMAR HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR OCEAN RESEARCH KIEL   (Germany)

Author keywords

Data assimilation; Eddy permitting; North Atlantic Ocean; Primitive equation model; Statistical moments

Indexed keywords

DATA ASSIMILATION; ERS-1; MESOSCALE EDDY; SEA SURFACE HEIGHT; TOPEX-POSEIDON;

(NORTH); ATLANTIC OCEAN;

EID: 0142060650     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21699291     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2001jc000982     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Ayoub, N., D. Stammer, and C. Wunsch, Estimating the North Atlantic circulation with nesting and open boundary conditions using an adjoint model, ECCO Rep 10, Scripps. Inst. of Oceanogr., La Jolla, Calif., 2001.
2. Böning, C. W., Large-scale transport processes in high-resolution circulation models, in The Warmwatersphere of the North Atlantic Ocean, pp. 91-128, Gebrüder Bornträger, Berlin, 1996.
3. Böning, C. W., F. O. Bryan, W. R. Holland, and R. Döscher, Deep-water formation and meridional overturning in a high-resolution model of the North Atlantic, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 26, 1142-1164, 1996.
4. Boyer, T. P., and S. Levitus, Objective analyses of temperature and salinity for the world ocean on a 1/4 degree grid, NOAA Atlas NESDIS 11, U.S. Gov. Print. Off., Washington, D. C., 1997.
5. Brügge, B., Near surface mean circulation and eddy kinetic energy in the central North Atlantic from drifter data, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 20,543-20,554, 1995.
6. Bryan, F. O., and W. R. Holland, A high-resolution simulation of wind and thermohaline-driven circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean, in Parametrizations of Small Scale Processes, Proceedings of the Aha Huliko a Hawaiian Winter Workshop, pp. 99-115, edited by P. Müller and D. Henderson, Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, 1989.
7. Cooper, M., and K. Haines, Altimetric assimilation with water property conservation, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 1059-1077, 1996.
8. Dijkstra, H. A., and M. J. Molemaker, Imperfections of the North Atlantic wind-driven ocean circulation: Continental geometry and windstress shape, J. Mar. Sci., 57, 1-28, 1999.
9. Döscher, R. C., C. W. Böning, and P. Herrman, Response of circulation and heat transport in the North Atlantic to changes in forcing in northern latitudes: A model study, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 2306-2320, 1994.
10. DYNAMO Group, DYNAMO Dynamics of North Atlantic, Models: Simulation and assimilation with high resolution models, Rep. 294, Univ. Kiel, Kiel, Germany, 1997.
11. Evensen, G., Sequential data assimilation with a nonlinear quasigeostrophic model using Monte Carlo methods to forecast error statistics, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 10,143-10,162, 1994.
12. Evensen, G., and P. J. van Leeuwen, Assimilation of Geosat altimeter data for the Agulhas Current using the ensemble Kalman filter with a quasigeostrophic model, Mon. Weather Rev., 124, 85-96, 1996.
13. Fu, L.-L., E. J. Christensen, C. A. Yamarone, M. Lefebvre, Y. Ménard, M. Dorrer, and P. Escudier, TOPEX/POSEIDON mission overview, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 24,369-24,381, 1994.
14. Gavart, M., and P. De Mey, Isopycnal EOFs in the Azores Current region: A statistical tool for dynamical analysis and data assimilation, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 2146-2157, 1997.
15. Giering, R., and T. Kaminski, Recipes for adjoint code construction, Trans. Math Software, 24, 437-474, 1998.
16. Gilbert, J. C., and C. Lemaréchal, Some numerical experiments with variable-storage Quasi-Newton algorithms, Math. Program, 45, 407-435, 1989.
17. Gould, W. J., Physical oceanography of the Azores front, Progr. Oceanogr., 14, 167-190, 1985.
18. Gouretski, V., and K. Jancke, A new world ocean climatology: Objective analysis on neutral surfaces, WHP-SAC Tech. Rep. 3, WOCE Rep., 256/17, 1998.
19. Green, J. S. A., Transfer properties of the large-scale eddies and the general circulation of the atmosphere, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 96, 157-417, 1970.
20. Han, Y.-J., A numerical world ocean general circulation model, II, A baroclinic experiment, Dyn. Atmos. Oceanogr., 8, 141-172, 1984.
21. Hellerman, S., and M. Rosenstein, Normal monthly windstress over the world ocean with error estimates, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 13, 1093-1104, 1983.
22. Kazantsev, E., Local Lyapunov exponents of the quasi-geostrophic ocean dynamics, Appl. Math. Comput., 104, 217-257, 1999.
23. Kazantsev, E., J. Sommeria, and J. Verron, Subgrid-scale parameterization by statistical mechanics in a barotropic ocean model, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 28, 1017-1042, 1998.
24. Killworth, P. D., C. Dietrich, C. L. Provost, A. Oschlies, and J. Willebrand, Assimilation of altimetric data and mean sea surface height into an eddy-permitting model of the North Atlanic, Progr. Oceanogr., 48, 313-335, 2001.
25. Köhl, A., and J. Willebrand, An adjoint method for the assimilation of statistical characteristics into eddy-resolving ocean models, Tellus, Ser. A, 54, 406-425, 2002.
26. Krauss, W., and R. H. Käse, Mean circulation and eddy kinetic energy in the eastern North Atlantic, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 3407-3415, 1984.
27. Le Dimet, F.-X., and O. Talagrand, Variational algorithms for analysis and assimilation of meteorological observations: Theoretical aspects, Tellus, Ser. A, 38A, 97-110, 1986.
28. Levitus, S., Climatological atlas of the world ocean, Tech. Pap., 173 pp., Natl. Ocean. Atmos. Admin., Silver Spring, Md., 1982.
29. Morris, C., and S. Gill, Evaluation of the TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter system over great lakes, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 24,527-24,539, 1994.
30. Morrow, R., and P. De Mey, Adjoint assimilation of atlimetric, surface drifter, and hydrographic data in a quasigeostrophic model of the Azores Current, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 25,007-25,025, 1995.
31. Oschlies, A., and V. Garçon, Eddy induced enhancement of primary production in a model of the North Atlantic Ocean, Nature, 394, 266-269, 1998.
32. Oschlies, A., and J. Willebrand, Assimilation of Geosat altimeter data into an eddy-resolving primitive equation model of the North Atlantic Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 14,175-14,190, 1996.
33. Pacanowski, R., K. Dixson, and A. Rosati, The GFDL modular ocean model users guide. Tech. Rep., Geophy. Fluid Dyn. Lab., Ocean Group, Princeton Univ., Princeton, N. J., 1993.
34. Podesta, G. P., S. Shenoi, J. W. Brown, and R. H. Evans, AVHRR Pathfinder Oceans Matchup Database 1985-1993 (Version 18), 33 pp., Rosenstiel Sch. of Mar. and Atmos. Sci., Univ. of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla., 1995.
35. Richardson, P. L., Eddy kinetic energy in the North Atlantic from surface drifters, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 88, 4355-4367, 1983.
36. Schröter, J., U. Seiler, and M. Wenzel, Variational assimilation of Geosat data into an eddy resolving model of the Gulf Stream extension area, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 925-953, 1993.
37. Singh, S., and K. A. Kelly, Monthly maps of sea surface hight in the North Atlantic and zonal indices for the Gulf Stream using TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter data, Rep. WHOI-97-06, 50 pp., Woods Hole Oceanogr. Inst., Woods Hole, Mass., 1997.
38. Sirkes, Z., and E. Tziperman, Finite difference of adjoint or adjoint of finite difference?, Mon. Weather Rev., 125, 3373-3378, 1997.
39. Smith, E., J. Vazquez, A. Tran, and R. Sumagaysay, Satellite-derived sea surface temperature data available form the NOAA/NASA Pathfinder program, Eos. Trans. AGU Electron. Suppl., 1996. (Available as http://www.agu.org/eos_elec/95274e.html)
40. Stammer, D., Global characteristics of ocean variability estimated from regional TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter measurements, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 1743-1768, 1997.
41. Stammer, D., and C. W. Böning, Generation and distribution of mesoscale eddies, in The Warmwatersphere of the North Atlantic Ocean, pp. 159-194, Gebrüder Bornträger, Berlin, 1996.
42. Stone, P. H., A simplified radiative-dynamical model for the static stability of rotating atmospheres, J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 405-418, 1972.
43. Sy, A., Investigation of large scale circulation patterns in the central North Atlantic: the North Atlantic Current, the Azores Current, and the Mediterranean Water plume in the area of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Deep-Sea Res., 35, 383-413, 1988.
44. Treguier, A. M., I. Held, and V. Larichev, Parametrization of quasigeostrophic eddies in primitive equation ocean models, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 567-580, 1997.