Simulation and measurement of surface shear stress over isolated and closely spaced transverse dunes in a wind tunnel

Earth Surface Processes and Landforms

Volumn 28, Issue 10, 2003, Pages 1111-1124

  Walker, Ian J ^a   Nickling, William G ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH   (Canada)

Author keywords

Aeolian; Dunes; Irwin sensor; Lee side; Sediment transport; Shear stress; Wind tunnel

Indexed keywords

ACCELERATION; COST EFFECTIVENESS; SEDIMENTS; SENSORS; SHEAR STRESS; WIND TUNNELS;

TRANSVERSE DUNES;

EARTH (PLANET);

AERODYNAMICS; DUNE; SHEAR STRESS; WIND TUNNEL;

DUNE FORMATION; EOLIAN PROCESS; SHEAR STRESS; WIND TUNNEL;

EID: 0141888949     PISSN: 01979337     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/esp.520     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Anderson RS, Willetts BB. 1991. A review of recent progress in our understanding of aeolian sediment transport. Acta Mechanica 1: 1-19.
2. Arens SM, van Kaam-Peters HME, van Boxel JH. 1995. Airflow over foredunes and implications for sand transport. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 20: 315-332.
3. Bennett SJ, Best JL. 1995. Mean flow and turbulence structure over fixed, two-dimensional dunes: implications for sediment transport and bedform stability. Sedimentology 42: 491-513.
4. Best JL, Kostaschuk RA. 2002. An experimental study of turbulent flow over a low-angle dune. Journal of Geophysical Research 107: 3135-3154.
5. Bradshaw P. 1969. The analogy between streamline curvature and buoyancy in turbulent shear flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 36: 177-191.
6. Bradshaw P, Wong FYF. 1972. The reattachment and relaxation of a turbulent shear layer. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 52: 113-135.
7. Burkinshaw IK, Rust IC. 1993. Aeolian dynamics on the windward slope of a reversing dune. Alexandria coastal dunefield. South Africa. Special Publication International Association of Sedimentologists 16: 13-21.
8. Castro IP, Wiggs GFS. 1994. Pulse-wire anemometry on rough surfaces, with application to desert sand dunes. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 52: 53-71.
9. Crawley DM, Nickling WG. 2003. Drag partition for regularly-arrayed rough surfaces. Boundary-Layer Meteorology 107: 445-468.
10. Dinehart RL. 1999. Correlative velocity fluctations over a gravel river bed. Water Resources Research 35: 569-582.
11. Fiedler H, Head MR. 1966. Intermittency measurements in the turbulent boundary layer. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 25: 719-735.
12. Frank A, Kocurek G. 1996a. Airflow up the stoss slope of sand dunes: limitations of current understanding. Geomorphology 17: 47-54.
13. Frank A, Kocurek G. 1996b. Toward a model of airflow on the lee side of aeolian dunes. Sedimentology 43: 451-458.
14. Ginger JD, Letchford CW. 1993. Characteristics of large pressures in regions of flow separation. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 49: 301-310.
15. Hardisty J, Whitehouse RJS. 1988. Evidence for a new sand transport process from experiments on Saharan dunes. Nature 332: 532-534.
16. Howard AD, Morton JB, Gad-El-Hak M, Pierce DB. 1978. Sand transport model of barchan dune equilibrium. Sedimentology 25: 307-338.
17. Hunt JCR, Leibovich S, Richards KJ. 1988. Turbulent shear flows over low hills. Quarterly Journal of Royal Meteorological Society 114: 1435-1470.
18. Irwin HPAH. 1981. A simple omnidirectional sensor for wind tunnel studies of pedestrian level winds. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 7: 219-239.
19. Jackson PS, Hunt JCR. 1975. Turbulent wind flow over a low hill. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 101: 929-955.
20. Lancaster N. 1985. Variations in wind velocity and sand transport rates on the windward flanks of desert sand dunes. Sedimentology 32: 581-593.
21. Lancaster N, Nickling WG, McKenna Neuman C, Wyatt VE. 1996. Sediment flux and airflow on the stoss slope of a barchan dune. Geomorphology 17: 55-62.
22. Livingstone I, Bullard JE, Wiggs GFS, Thomas DSG. 1999. Grain-size variation on dunes in the Southwest Kalhari, southern Africa. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 69: 546-552.
23. McEwan IK, Willetts BB. 1993. Sand transport by wind: a review of the current conceptual model. In Dynamics and Environmental Context of Aeolian Sedimentary Systems, Pye K (ed.). Special Publication No. 72. Geological Society: London 7-16.
24. McKenna Neuman C, Lancaster N, Nickling WG. 1997. Relations between dune morphology, air flow, and sediment flux on reversing dunes, Silver Peak, Nevada. Sedimentology 44: 1103-1113.
25. McKenna Neuman C, Lancaster N, Nickling WG. 2000. The effect of unsteady winds on sediment transport on the stoss slope of a transverse dune. Silver Peak, NV, USA. Sedimentology 47: 211-226.
26. McLean SR, Smith JD, 1986. A model for flow over two-dimensional bed forms. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 112: 300-317.
27. Monteiro JP, Viegas DX. 1996. On the use of Irwin and Preston wall shear stress probes in turbulent incompressible flows with pressure gradients. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 64: 15-29.
28. Mulligan KR. 1988. Velocity profiles measured on the windward slope of a transverse dune. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 13: 573-582.
29. Nelson JO, McLean SR, Wolfe SR. 1993. Mean flow and turbulence fields over two-dimensional bed forms. Water Resources Research 29: 3935-3953.
30. Oke TR. 1978. Boundary Layer Climates. Methuen: New York.
31. Sarre RD. 1987. Aeolian sand transport. Progress in Physical Geography 11: 157-82.
32. Stout JE, Zobeck TM. 1997. Intermittent saltation. Sedimentology 44: 959-970.
33. Tsoar H. 1983. Dynamic processes acting on a longitudinal (seif.) dune. Sedimentology 30: 567-578.
34. Tsoar H, Rasmussen KR, Sorensen M, Willetts BB. 1985. Laboratory studies of flow over dunes. In Proceedings of International Workshop on the Physics of Blown Sand, vol. 2, Barndorff-Nielsen OE. Møller JT, Rasmussen KR, Willetts BB (eds). University of Aarhus: Aarhus; 327-350.
35. Walker IJ. 1999. Secondary airflow and sediment transport in the lee of reversing dunes. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 24: 437-448.
36. Walker IJ. 2000. Secondary airflow and sediment transport in the lee of transverse dunes. PhD thesis, University of Guelph. Guelph.
37. Walker IJ, Nickling WG. 2002. Dynamics of secondary airflow and sediment transport over and in the lee of transverse dunes. Progress in Physical Geography 26: 47-75.
38. Walmsley JL, Howard AD. 1985. Application of a boundary-layer model to flow over an eolian dune. Journal of Geophysical Research 90: 10 631-10 640.
39. Wiggs GFS. 1993. Desert dune dynamics and the evaluation of shear velocity: an integrated approach. In The Dynamics and Environmental Context of Aeolian Sedimentary Systems, Pye K (ed.). Special Publication 72. Geological Society: London: 37-48.
40. Wiggs GFS. 2001. Desert dune processes and dynamics. Progress in Physical Geography 25: 53-79.
41. Wiggs GFS, Livingstone I, Warren A. 1996. The role of streamline curvature in sand dune dynamics: evidence from field and wind tunnel measurements. Geomorphology 17: 29-46.
42. Wu H, Stathopoulos T. 1994. Further experiments on Irwin's surface wind sensor. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 53: 441-452.
43. Wyatt V, Nickling WG. 1997. Drag and shear stress partitioning in sparse desert creosote communities. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 34: 1486-1498.