Drag and shear stress partitioning in sparse desert creosote communities

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences

Volumn 34, Issue 11, 1997, Pages 1486-1498

  Wyatt, V E ^a   Nickling, W G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARID ENVIRONMENT; CREOSOTE SHRUB; DESERT; DRAG; SHEAR STRESS; WIND EROSION;

EID: 0031392671     PISSN: 00084077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/e17-121     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Arya, S.P.S. 1975. A drag partition theory for determining the large-scale roughness parameter and wind stress on the Arctic pack ice. Journal of Geophysical Research, 80: 3447-3454.
2. Gillette, D.A., and Stockton, P.H. 1989. The effect of non-erodible particles on wind erosion of erodible surfaces. Journal of Geophysical Research, 94: 12 885-12 893.
3. Gillies, J.A. 1994. A wind tunnel study of the relationships between complex surface roughness form, flow geometry and shearing stress. Ph.D. thesis, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont.
4. Glendening, J.W. 1977. Aeolian transport and vegetative capture of particles. M.Sc. thesis, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colo.
5. Grant, P.F. 1994. Wind interaction with 3-dimensional porous roughness elements in a natural boundary layer: empirical observations and theoretical considerations. M.Sc. thesis, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont.
6. Grant, R.H. 1983. The scaling of flow in vegetative structures. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 27: 171-184.
7. Grant, R. H. 1985. The influence of the physical attributes of a spruce shoot on momentum transfer. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 36: 7-18.
8. Gross, G. 1987. A numerical study of the air flow within and around a single tree. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 40: 311-327.
9. Irwin, H.P.A.H. 1980. A simple omnidirectional sensor for wind tunnel studies of pedestrian level winds. National Research Council of Canada, Laboratory Report LTR-LA-242.
10. Iversen, J.D., Wang, W.P., Rasmussen, K.R., Mikkelsen, H.E., and Leach, R.N. 1991. Roughness element effect on local and universal saltation transport. Acta Mechanica (supplement), 2: 65-75.
11. Lee, B.E., and Soliman, B.F. 1977. An investigation of the forces on three-dimensional bluff bodies in rough wall turbulent boundary layers. Journal of Fluids Engineering, 99: 503-510.
12. Lee, J.A. 1991. The role of desert shrub size and spacing on wind profile parameters. Physical Geography, 12: 72-89.
13. Lyles, L., and Allison, B.E. 1976. Wind erosion: the protective role of simulated standing stubble. Transactions of the ASAE, 19: 61-64.
14. Lyles, L., Schrandt, R.L., and Schmeidler, N.F. 1974. How aerodynamic roughness elements control sand movement. Transactions of the ASAE, 17: 134-139.
15. Marshall, J.K. 1971. Drag measurements in roughness arrays of varying density and distribution. Agricultural Meteorology, 8: 269-292.
16. Musick, H.B., and Gillette, D.A. 1990. Field evaluation of relationships between a vegetation structural parameter and sheltering against wind erosion. Land Degradation and Rehabilitation, 2: 87-94.
17. Musick, H.B., Trujillo, S.M., and Truman, C.R. 1996. Windtunnel modelling of the influence of vegetation structure on saltation threshold. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 21: 589-605.
18. Nickling, W.G., and Gillies, J.A. 1989. Emission of fine-grained particulates from desert soils. In Paleometeorology: modern and past patterns of global atmospheric transport. Edited by M. Leinen and M. Sarnthein. Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York, pp. 133-165.
19. Nickling, W.G., and McKenna Neuman, C. 1995. Development of deflation lag surfaces. Sedimentology, 42: 403-414.
20. Priestly, C.H.B. 1959. Turbulent transfer in the lower atmosphere. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
21. Raupach, M.R. 1992. Drag and drag partition on rough surfaces. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 60: 375-395.
22. Raupach, M.R., and Thom, A.S. 1981. Turbulence in and above plant canopies. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 13: 97-129.
23. Raupach, M.R., Thom, A.S., and Edwards, I. 1980. A wind-tunnel study of turbulent flow close to regularly arrayed rough surfaces. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 18: 373-397.
24. Raupach, M.R., Gillette, D.A., and Leys, J.F. 1993. The effect of roughness elements on wind erosion threshold. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98: 3023-3029.
25. Schlichting, H. 1936. Experimentelle Untersuchungen zum Rauhigkeitsproblem (Experimental investigation of the problem of surface roughness). Ingenieur Archiv, 7: 1-34. (English translation published as NACA Technical Memorandum 823.)
26. Schlichting, H. 1936. Experimentelle Untersuchungen zum Rauhigkeitsproblem (Experimental investigation of the problem of surface roughness). Ingenieur Archiv, 7: 1-34. (English translation published as NACA Technical Memorandum 823.)
27. Siddoway, F.H., Chepil, W.S., and Armbrust, D.V. 1965. Effect of kind, amount, and placement of residue on wind erosion control. Transactions of the ASAE, 8: 327-331.
28. Stockton, P.H., and Gillette, D.A. 1990. Field measurement of the sheltering effect of vegetation on erodible land surfaces. Land Degradation and Rehabilitation, 2: 77-85.
29. Taylor, P.A. 1988. Turbulent wakes in the boundary layer. In Flow and transport in the natural environment: advances and applications. Edited by W.L. Steffen and O.T. Denmead. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 270-292.
30. van de Ven, T.A.M., Fryrear, D.W., and Spaan, W.P. 1989. Vegetation characteristics and soil loss by wind. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 44: 347-349.
31. Vogel, S. 1989. Drag and reconfiguration of broad leaves in high winds. Journal of Experimental Botany, 40: 941-948.
32. Wolfe, S.A. 1993. Sparse vegetation as a surface control on wind erosion. Ph.D. thesis, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont.
33. Wolfe, S.A., and Nickling, W.G. 1996. Shear stress partitioning in sparsely vegetated desert canopies. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 21: 607-619.