Stream temperatures in two shaded reaches below cutblocks and logging roads: Downstream cooling linked to subsurface hydrology

Canadian Journal of Forest Research

Volumn 33, Issue 8, 2003, Pages 1383-1396

  Story, A ^a   Moore, R D ^b   Macdonald, J S ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^b SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c Story Environmental Services   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FORESTRY; GROUNDWATER; HEAT CONDUCTION; THERMAL EFFECTS;

CREEK TEMPERATURE;

STREAM FLOW;

COOLING; FORESTRY; HARVESTING; RIPARIAN ZONE; STREAM; SUBSURFACE FLOW; WATER TEMPERATURE;

CANADA;

RIPARIA;

EID: 0141857683     PISSN: 00455067     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/x03-087     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (41)

1. Barton, D.R., Taylor, W.D., and Biette, R.M. 1985. Dimensions of riparian buffer strips required to maintain trout habitat in southern Ontario streams. North Am. J. Fish. Manage. 5: 364-378.
2. Baxter, C.V., and Hauer, F.R. 2000. Geomorphology, hyporheic exchange, and selection of spawning habitat by bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 57: 1470-1481.
3. Beaudry, P.G. 2001. Effects of riparian management strategies on the hydrology of small streams in the Takla region of British Columbia. Final report submitted to the Science Council of British Columbia by P. Beaudry and Associates Ltd., Prince George B.C.
4. Beschta, R.L., Bilby, R.E., Brown, G.W., Holtby, L.B., and Hofstra, T.D. 1987. Stream temperature and aquatic habitat: fisheries and forestry interactions. In Streamside management: forestry and fishery interactions. Edited by E.O. Salo and T.W. Cundy. Institute of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash. pp. 191-232.
5. Bilby, R.E. 1984. Characteristics and frequency of cool-water areas in a western Washington stream. J. Freshw. Ecol. 2: 593-602.
6. Black, T.A., Chen, J.-M., Lee, X., and Sagar, R.M. 1991. Characteristics of shortwave and longwave irradiances under a Douglas-fir forest stand. Can. J. For. Res. 21: 1020-1028.
7. Brown, G.W. 1969. Predicting temperatures of small streams. Water Resour. Res. 5: 68-75.
8. Brown, G.W., and Krygier, J.T. 1970. Effects of clear-cutting on stream temperature. Water Resour. Res. 6: 1133-1139.
9. Brown, G.W., Swank, G.W., and Rothacher, J. 1971. Water temperature in the Steamboat Drainage. USDA For. Serv. Res. Pap. PNW-119.
10. Castro, N.M., and Hornberger, G.M. 1991. Surface-subsurface water interactions in an alluviated mountain stream channel. Water Resour. Res. 27: 1613-1621.
11. Christie, T., and Fletcher, W.K. 1999. Contamination from forestry activities: implications for stream sediment exploration programmes. J. Geochem. Explor. 67: 201-210.
12. Collett, A., and Ryder, J.M. 1997. Baptiste Creek Watershed: detailed terrain and sediment source mapping with interpretations for slope stability, erosion potential and sediment transfer. Report prepared for the B.C. Ministry of Forests, Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, and The University of British Columbia. J.M. Ryder and Associates Terrain Analysis Inc., Vancouver, B.C.
13. Curry, R.A., and Devito, K.J. 1996. Hydrogeology of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) spawning and incubation habitats: implications for forestry and land use development. Can. J. For. Res. 26: 767-772.
14. den Hartog, G., and Ferguson, H.L. 1978. Water balance-derived precipitation and evapotranspiration. In Hydrological Atlas of Canada. Department of Fisheries and Environment, Ottawa, Ont. Plate 25.
15. Dingman, S.L. 1994. Physical hydrology. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, N.J.
16. Environment Canada. 2002. Canadian climate normals 1971-2000 [online]. Available from http://www.msc-smc.ec.gc.ca/climate/climate_normals [cited May 2002].
17. Geist, D.R. 2000. Hyporheic discharge of river water into fall chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning areas in the Hanford Reach, Columbia River. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 57: 1647-1656.
18. Golden Software Inc. 1995. SURFER for windows, version 6. Golden Software Inc., Golden, Colo.
19. Greene, G.E. 1950. Land use and trout streams. J. Soil Water Conserv. 5: 125-126.
20. Harvey, J.W., and Fuller, C.C. 1998. Effect of enhanced manganese oxidation in the hyporheic zone on basin-scale geochemical mass balance. Water Resour. Res. 34: 623-636.
21. Harvey, J.W., and Wagner, B.J. 2000. Quantifying hydrologic interactions between streams and their subsurface hyporheic zones. In Streams and ground waters. Edited by J.B. Jones and P.J. Mulholland. Academic Press Inc., San Diego, Calif. pp. 3-44.
22. Harvey, J.W, Wagner, B.J., and Bencala, K.E. 1996. Evaluating the reliability of the stream tracer approach to characterize stream-subsurface water exchange. Water Resour. Res. 32: 2441-2451.
23. Hill, A.R. 2000. Stream chemistry and riparian zones. In Streams and ground waters. Edited by J.B. Jones and P.J. Mulholland, Academic Press Inc., San Diego, Calif. pp. 83-110.
24. Johnson, S.L., and Jones, J.A. 2000. Stream temperature responses to forest harvest and debris flows in western Cascades, Oregon. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 57(Suppl. 2): 30-39.
25. Kasahara, T., and Wondzell, S.M. 2003. Geomorphic controls on hyporheic exchange flow in mountain streams. Water Resour. Res. 39(1): 1005. doi: 10.1029/2002WR001386, 2003.
26. Keith, R.M., Bjornn, T.C., Meehan, W.R., Hetrick, N.J., and Brusven, M.A. 1998. Response of juvenile salmonids to riparian and instream cover modifications in small streams flowing through second-growth forests of southeast Alaska. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 127: 889-907.
27. Lapham, W.W. 1989. Use of temperature profiles beneath streams to determine rates of vertical ground-water flow and vertical hydraulic conductivity. U.S. Geol. Surv. Water-Supply Pap. 2337.
28. Levno, A., and Rothacher, J. 1967. Increases in maximum stream temperatures after logging in old-growth Douglas-fir watersheds. Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experimental Station, Portland, Ore. USDA For. Serv. Res. Note PNW-65.
29. Macdonald, J.S., MacIsaac, E.A., and Herunter, H. 2003. The effect of variable-retention riparian buffer zones on water temperatures in small headwater streams in sub-boreal forest ecosystems of British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 33: 1371-1382.
30. McGurk, B.J. 1989. Predicting stream temperature after riparian vegetation removal. In Proceedings of the California Riparian Systems Conference: Protection, Management, and Restoration for the 1990s, 22-24 September 1988, Davis, California. Technical coordinator: D.L. Abell. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-110. pp. 157-164.
31. Moore, R.D., Macdonald, J.S., and Herunter, H. 2003. Downstream thermal recovery of headwater streams below cutblocks and logging roads. Can. Tech. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. In press.
32. Oke, T.R. 1987. Boundary layer climates. 2nd ed. Routledge, New York.
33. Poole, G.C., and Berman, C.H. 2001. An ecological perspective on in-stream temperature: natural heat dynamics and mechanisms of human-caused thermal degradation. Environ. Manage. 27: 787-802.
34. Power, G., Brown, R.S., and Imhof, J.G. 1999. Groundwater and fish - insights from northern North America. Hydrol. Process. 13: 401-422.
35. Runkel, R.L. 1998. One-dimensional transport with inflow and storage (OTIS): a solute transport model for streams and rivers. U.S. Geol. Surv. Water-Resour. Invest. Rep. 98-4018.
36. Silliman, S.E., and Booth, D.F. 1993. Analysis of time-series measurements of sediment temperature for identification of gaining vs. losing portions of Juday Creek, Indiana. J. Hydrol. 146: 131-148.
37. Sinokrot, B.A., and Stefan, H.G. 1993. Stream temperature dynamics: measurements and modeling. Water Resour. Res. 29: 2299-2312.
38. Story, A. 2002. Creek temperatures in shaded reaches downstream of forestry activities, central British Columbia. M.Sc. thesis, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
39. Titcomb, J.W. 1926. Forests in relation to fresh water fishes. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 56: 122-129.
40. Webb, B.W., and Zhang, Y. 1999. Water temperatures and heat budgets in Dorset chalk water courses. Hydrol. Process. 13: 309-321.
41. Webster, J.R., and Ehrman, T.P. 1996. Solute dynamics. In Methods in stream ecology. Edited by F.R. Haver and G. Lamberti. Academic Press, Toronto, Ont. pp. 145-160.