Concepts in the treatment of bipolar disorder

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Supplement

Volumn 108, Issue 418, 2003, Pages 41-46

  Greil, Waldemar ^a   Kleindienst, N ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^b Psychiat Priv Clin Sanat K   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Bipolar disorder; Carbamazepine; Drug therapy; Lithium; Suicide

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; CARBAMAZEPINE; CLOZAPINE; GABAPENTIN; LAMOTRIGINE; LITHIUM; NIMODIPINE; OLANZAPINE; OXCARBAZEPINE; RISPERIDONE; TOPIRAMATE; VALPROIC ACID; ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT; OXCARBAMAZEPINE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

BIPOLAR DISORDER; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMORBIDITY; CONCEPT FORMATION; CONFERENCE PAPER; DELUSION; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DISEASE DURATION; DRUG ACTIVITY; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG RESPONSE; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG SPECIFICITY; EVALUATION; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; LONG TERM CARE; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MANIA; MENTAL PATIENT; MOOD; MORBIDITY; PATIENT CARE; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PATIENT EDUCATION; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PREVALENCE; PROPHYLAXIS; PROTECTION; PSYCHOSIS; PSYCHOTHERAPY; SOCIAL STATUS; SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; TREATMENT FAILURE; TREATMENT INDICATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; AFFECTIVE PSYCHOSIS; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHIZOAFFECTIVE PSYCHOSIS; SUICIDE;

EID: 0141740524     PISSN: 00651591     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0447.108.s418.9.x     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (48)

1. HWU HG, YEH EK, CHANG LY. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Taiwan defined by the Chinese Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1989;79:136-147.
2. ROBINS LN, REGIER DA. Psychiatric disorders in America: the Epidemiological Catchment Area Study. New York: Free Press, 1991.
3. FOGARTY F, RUSSELL JM, NEWMAN SC, BLAND RC. Epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in Edmonton. Mania. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1994;89(Suppl. 376):16-23.
4. STOLL AL, TOHEN M, BALDESSARINI RJ et al. Shifts in diagnostic frequencies of schizophrenia and major affective disorders at six North American psychiatric hospitals, 1972-88. Am J Psychiatry 1993;150:1668-1673.
5. ANGST J, MARNEROS A. Bipolarity from ancient to modern times: conception, birth and rebirth. J Affect Dis 2001;67:3-19.
6. AKISKAL HS. The bipolar spectrum - the shaping of a new paradigm in psychiatry. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2002;4:1-3.
7. ANGST J. The emerging epidemiology of hypomania and bipolar II disorder. J Affect Dis 1998;50:143-151.
8. SACHS GS. Treatment-resistant bipolar depression. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1996;19:215-236.
9. BOWDEN CL. Pharmacological treatment of bipolar disorder: a review. In: MAJ M, AKISKAL HA, LOPEZ-IBOR JJ, SARTORIUS N, eds. Bipolar disorder. New York: Wiley, 2002:191-221.
10. GROF P. Same data, different interpretations. In: MAJ M, AKISKAL HA, LOPEZ-IBOR JJ, SARTORIUS N, eds. Bipolar disorder. New York: Wiley, 2002:224-226.
11. GREIL W. SASSIM N, STRÖBEL-SASSIM C. Manic-depressive illness: therapy with carbamazepine. For patients, relatives and therapists. Stuttgart: Thieme, 1996.
12. AKISKAL HS. Classification diagnosis and boundaries of bipolar disorders. A review. In: MAJ M, AKISKAL HA, LOPEZ-IBOR JJ, SARTORIUS N, eds. Bipolar disorder. New York: Wiley, 2002:1-52.
13. KUKOPULOS A, REGINALADI D, LADDOMADA P, FLORIS G, SERRA G, TONDO L. Course of the manic-depressive cycle and changes caused by treatments. Pharmacopsychiatry 1980;13:156-167.
14. WEHR TA, GOODWIN FK. Rapid cycling between mania and depression caused by maintenance tricyclics. Psychopharmacol Bull 1979;15:17-19.
15. MÖLLER HJ, GRUNZE H. Have some guidelines for the treatment of acute bipolar depression gone too far in the restriction of antidepressants? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2000;250:57-68.
16. HIRSCHFELD RM. Guidelines for the long-term treatment of depression. J Clin Psychiatry 1994;89(Suppl. 377):61-69.
17. PEET M. Induction of mania with selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants. Br J Psychiatry 1994;164:549-550.
18. BOTTLENDER R, RUDOLF D, STRAUSS A, MÖLLER HJ. Mood-stabilisers reduce the risk of developing antidepressant-induced maniform states in acute treatment of bipolar 1 depressed patients. J Affect Dis 2001;63:79-83.
19. MÜLLER-OERLINGHAUSEN B, BERGHOFER A, BAUER M. Bipolar disorder. Lancet 2002;359:241-247.
20. YATHAM LN, KUSUMAKAR V, CALABRESE JR, RAO R, SCARROW G, KROEKER G. Third generation anticonvulsants in bipolar disorder: a review of efficacy and summary of clinical recommendations. J Clin Psychiatry 2002;63:275-283.
21. GREIL W. KLEINDIENST N, ERAZO N, MÜLLER-OERLINGHAUSEN B. Differential response to lithium and carbamazepine in the prophylaxis of bipolar disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1998;18:455-460.
22. CALABRESE JR, BOWDEN CL, SACHS GS, ASCHER JA, MONAGHAN E, RUDD GD. A double-blind placebo-controlled study of lamotrigine monotherapy in outpatients with bipolar I depression. J Clin Psychiatry 1999;60:79-88.
23. GRUNZE H. The search for the Holy Grail - the ideal mood stabilizer: fiction or future? In: MAJ M, AKISKAL HA, LOPEZ-IBOR JJ, SARTORIUS N, eds. Bipolar Disorder. New York: Wiley, 2002:229-233.
24. GREIL W. Novel mood stabilizing strategies and 50 years of lithium. In: MAJ M, AKISKAL HA, LOPEZ-IBOR JJ, SARTORIUS N, eds. Bipolar Disorder. New York: Wiley, 2002:233-236.
25. FREEMAN MP, STOLL AL. Mood stabilizer combinations, a review of safety and efficacy. Am J Psychiatry 1998;155:12-21.
26. GUSCOTT R, TAYLOR L. Lithium prophylaxis in recurrent affective illness. Efficacy, effectiveness and efficiency. Br J Psychiatry 1994;164:741-746.
27. FAVA CA. Subclinical symptoms in mood disorders: pathophysiological and therapeutic implications. Psychol Med 1999;29:47-61.
28. LINGAM R, SCOTT J. Treatment non-adherence in affective disorders. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2002;105:164-172.
29. MACQUEEN GM, YOUNG LT, JOFFE RT. A review of psychosocial outcome in patients with bipolar disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2001;103:164-172.
30. KELLER MB, LAVORI PW, KANE JM et al. Subsyndromal symptoms in bipolar disorder. A comparison of standard and low serum levels of lithium. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992;49:371-376.
31. BAUWENS F, TRACY A, PARDOEN D, VANDER ELST M, MENDLEWICZ J. Social adjustment of remitted bipolar and unipolar out-patients. A comparison with age- and sex-matched controls. Br J Psychiatry 1991;159:239-244.
32. COLOM F, VIETA E, MARTINEZ-ARAN A, REINARES M, BENABARRE A, GASTO C. Clinical factors associated with treatment noncompliance in euthymic bipolar patients. J Clin Psychiatry 2000;61:549-555.
33. KECK PE Jr, MCELROY SL, STRAKOWSKI SM, BOURNE ML, WEST SA. Compliance with maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder. Psychopharmacol Bull 1997;33:87-91.
34. GOODWIN FK, JAMISON KR. Manic-depressive illness. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.
35. KLEIN HE, BROUCEK B, GREIL W. Lithium withdrawal triggers psychotic states. Br J Psychiatry 1981;139:255-256.
36. GREIL W, BROUCEK B, KLEIN HE, ENGEL-SITTENFELD P. Discontinuation of lithium maintenance therapy: reversibility of clinical, psychological, and neuroendocrinological changes. In: EMRICH HM, ALDENHOFF JB, LUX HD eds. Basic mechanisms in the action of lithium. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica, 1982:235-248.
37. BALDESSARINI RJ, TONDO L, FLORIS G, RUDAS N. Reduced morbidity after gradual discontinuation of lithium treatment for bipolar I and II disorders: a replication study. Am J Psychiatry 1997;154:551-553.
38. KLEINDIENST N, GREIL W. Inter-episodic morbidity and drop-out under carbamazepine and lithium in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder. Psychol Med 2002;32:493-501.
39. HARVEY NS, PEET M. Lithium maintenance: 2. Effects of personality and attitude on health information acquisition and compliance. Br J Psychiatry 1991;158:200-204.
40. GREIL W. LUDWIG-MAYERHOFER W, ERAZO N et al. Lithium versus carbamazepine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorders: a randomized study. J Affect Dis 1997;43:151-161.
41. GREIL W, LUDWIG-MAYERHOFER W, ERAZO N et al. Lithium versus carbamazepine in the maintenance treatment of schizoaffective disorder - a randomised study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1997:247:42-50.
42. THIES-FLECHTNER K, MÜLLER-OERLINGHAUSEN B, SEIBERT W. WALTHER A, GREIL W. Effect of prophylactic treatment on suicide risk in patients with major affective disorders. Data from a randomized prospective trial. Pharmacopsychiatry 1996;29:103-107.
43. AHRENS B, MÜLLER-OERLINGHAUSEN B. Does lithium exert an independent antisuicidal effect? Pharmacopsychiatry 2001;34:132-136.
44. TONDO L, HENNEN J, BALDESSARINI RJ. Lower suicide risk with long-term lithium treatment in major affective illness: a meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2001;104:163-172.
45. CALABRESE JR, RAPPORT DJ, SHELTON MD. Pursuit of the ideal mood stabilizer: time to give up and move to combination trials. In: MAJ M, AKISKAL HA, LOPEZ-IBOR JJ, SARTORIUS N, eds. Bipolar disorder. New York: Wiley, 2002:222-224.
46. FRANK E, SWARTZ HA, KUPFER DJ. Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy: managing the chaos of bipolar disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2000;48:593-604.
47. MIKLOWITZ DJ, SIMONEAU TL, GEORGE EL et al. Family-focused treatment of bipolar disorder: 1-year effects of a psychoeducational program in conjunction with pharmacotherapy. Biol Psychiatry 2000;48:582-592.
48. JAMISON KR. An unquiet mind. A memoir of moods and madness. New York: Vintage Books, 1997.