Oxidative stress: Its role in air pollution and adverse health effects

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Volumn 60, Issue 8, 2003, Pages 612-616

  Kelly, Frank J ^a  

^a KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

NITROGEN DIOXIDE; OXIDIZING AGENT; OZONE;

AIR POLLUTANT; AIR POLLUTION; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; BRONCHITIS; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; LUNG FLUID; MORBIDITY; OXIDATION REDUCTION REACTION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PARTICULATE MATTER; PNEUMONIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFLAMMATION; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SURFACE PROPERTY;

AIR POLLUTION; HUMANS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PUBLIC HEALTH; RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES;

EID: 0042090310     PISSN: 13510711     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/oem.60.8.612     Document Type: Review

References (20)

1. Sies H. Oxidative stress II. In: Oxidants and antioxidants. London: Academic Press, 1991. This book introduces for the first time the concept of oxidative stress in biological systems. The term is now used extensively in all aspects of disease and is particularly relevant to the lung, for which a number of respiratory diseases involve oxidative stress.
2. Forman HJ, Torres M, Fukuto J. Redox signalling. Mol Cell Biochem 2002;234-235:49-62. Free radicals have recently been shown to be involved in a multiplicity of physiological responses through modulation of signalling pathways. This is an excellent review of the current understanding in this area written by a group at the forefront of this work.
3. Mudway IS, Kelly FJ. Ozone and the lung: a sensitivity issue. Mol Aspects Med 2000;21:1-48.
4. Langford SD, Bidani A, Postlethwait EM. Ozone-reactive absorption by pulmonary epithelial lining fuid constituents. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1995;132:122-30.
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6. Kelly FJ, Tetley T. Nitrogen dioxide depletes uric acid and ascorbic acid but not glutathione from lung lining fluid. Biochem J 1997;325:95-9.
7. Samet JM, Dominici F, Curriero FC, et al. Fine particulate air pollution and mortality in 20 U.S. cities, 1987-1994. N Engl J Med 2000;343:1742-9. This epidemiological study confirms, and builds on, earlier studies in the US indicating that there is consistent evidence that the levels of fine particulate matter in the air are associated with the risk of death from all causes and from cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses.
8. Li XY, Gilmour PS, Donaldson K, et al. Free radical activity and pro-inflammatory effects of particulate air pollution (PM10) in vivo and in vitro. Thorax 1996;51:1216-22. This was one of the first descriptions of free radical activity of ambient PM.
9. Kadiiska MB, Mason RP, Dreher KL, et al. In vivo evidence of free radical formation in the rat lung after exposure to an emission source air pollution particle. Chem Res Toxicol 1997;10:1104-8. This is one of the first studies to show in an in vivo setting free radical activity associated with ambient particulates.
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11. Brown RK, Kelly FJ. The role of free radicals in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis. Thorax 1994;49:738-42. This paper overviews the imbalance in antioxidants and oxidants in cystic fibrosis and discusses how the ensuing oxidative stress may contribute to the long term decline in lung function in cystic fibrosis patients.
12. Kelly FJ, Buhl R, Sandström T. Measurement of antioxidants, oxidants and oxidant products in branchoalveolar lavage fluid. Eur Respir Rev 1999;9:93-8.
13. Hatch GE, Slade R, Harris LP, et al. Ozone dose and effect in humans and rats. A comparison using oxygen-18 labeling and bronchoalveolar lavage. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994;150:676-83. In this study the authors elegantly showed that ozone preferentially reacts with molecular components of lung lining fluid rather than resident cells or lung tissue.
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15. Brown DM, Stone V, Findlay P, et al. Increased inflammation and intracellular calcium caused by ultrafine carbon black is independent of transition metals or other soluble components. Occup Environ Med 2000;57:685-91.
16. Kelly FJ, Mudway IS, Krishna MT, et al. The free radical basis of air pollution: focus on ozone. Respir Med 1995;89:647-56.
17. Kelly FJ, Mudway I, Blomberg A, et al. Altered lung antioxidant status in patients with mild asthma. Lancet 1999;354:482-3. This paper examines the antioxidant defences on the surface of the lung in asthmatics and compares these with those in age and gender matched healthy control subjects. It reports that the concentration of the protective antioxidant, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is drastically reduced in lung lining fluid, while the concentration of oxidised glutathione (a sign of oxidative stress) is increased in asthmatics.
18. Mudway IS, Stenfors N, Blomberg A, et al. Differences in basal airway antioxidant concentrations are not predictive of individual responsiveness to ozone: a comparison of healthy and mild asthmatic subjects. Free Radic Biol Med 2001;31:962-74.
19. Frampton MW, Pryor WA, Cueto R, et al. Ozone exposure increases aldehydes in epithelial lining fluid in human lung. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;159:1134-7.
20. Oury TD, Chang LY, Marklund SL, et al. Immunocytochemical localization of extracellular superoxide dismutase in human lung. Lab Invest 1994;70:889-98.