Fat distribution and metabolic abnormalities in HIV-infected patients on first combination antiretroviral therapy including stavudine or zidovudine: Role of physical activity as a protective factor

Antiviral Therapy

Volumn 8, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 223-231

  Domingo, Pere ^a   Samb́eat, María A ^a   Pérez, Antonio ^a   Ordoñez, Jordi ^a   Rodríguez, José ^a   Vázquez, Ouillermo ^a  

^a UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; CHOLESTEROL; FOLLITROPIN; INSULIN; LUTEINIZING HORMONE; NUCLEOSIDE ANALOG; STAVUDINE; TESTOSTERONE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; ZIDOVUDINE;

ARTICLE; BODY COMPOSITION; FOLLITROPIN BLOOD LEVEL; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INSULIN RELEASE; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; LIPOATROPHY; LIPODYSTROPHY; LIPOHYPERTROPHY; LONG TERM CARE; LUTEINIZING HORMONE BLOOD LEVEL; LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; METABOLIC DISORDER; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SKINFOLD THICKNESS; TESTOSTERONE BLOOD LEVEL; VIRUS LOAD;

ADULT; ANTHROPOMETRY; ANTI-HIV AGENTS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HIGHLY ACTIVE; BODY COMPOSITION; EXERCISE; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HIV-ASSOCIATED LIPODYSTROPHY SYNDROME; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS; STAVUDINE; ZIDOVUDINE;

EID: 0041654439     PISSN: 13596535     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Carr A, Samaras K & Chisholm DJ. Pathogenesis of HIV- 1-protease inhibitor-associated peripheral lipodystrophy, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance. Lancet 1998; 351:1881-1883.
2. Carr A, Samaras K & Burton S. A syndrome of peripheral lipodystrophy, hyperlipidaemia and insulin resistance in patients receiving HIV proteases inhibitors. AIDS 1998; 12:F51-F58.
3. Carr A, Samaras K, Thorisdottir A, Kaufmann GR, Chisholm DJ & Cooper DA. Diagnosis, prediction, and natural course of HIV-1 protease-inhibitor-associated lipodystrophy, hyperlipidaemia, and diabetes mellitus: a cohort study. Lancet 1999; 353:2093-2099.
4. Saint-Marc T, Partisani M, Poizot-Martin I, Bruno F, Rouviere O, Lang JM, Gastaut, JA & Touraine JL. A syndrome of peripheral fat wasting (lipodvstrophy) in patients receiving long-term nucleoside analogue therapy. AIDS 1999; 13:1659-1667.
5. Brinkman K, Smeitink JA, Romijin JA & Reiss P. Mitochondrial toxicity induced by nuceloside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors is a key factor in the pathogenesis of antiretroviral-therapy-related lipodystrophy. Lancet 1999; 354:1112-1115.
6. Chéne G, Angelini E, Cotte L, Lang JM, Morlat P, Rancinan C, May T, Journot V, Raffi F, Jarrousse B, Grappin M, Lepeu G & Molina JM. Role of long-term nucleoside-analogue therapy in lipodystrophy and metabolic disorders in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2002; 34:649-657.
7. Joly V, Flandre P, Meiffredy V, Leturque N, Harel M, Aboulker JP & Yeni P. Increased risk of lipoatrophy under stavudine in HIV-1-infected patients: results of a substudy from a comparative trial. AIDS 2002; 16:2447-2454.
8. Dubé MP, Zackin R, Tebas P, Roubenoff R, Mulligan K, Robbins G, Yang Y, Shafer R, Zinder S & Grinspoon SK. Prospective study of regional body composition in antiretroviral-naive subjects randomized to receive zidovudine+lamivudine or didanosine+stavudine combined with nelfinavir, efavirenz, or both: A5005s, a substudy of ACTG 384. Antiviral Therapy 2002; 7:L18
9. Centers for Disease Control. 1993 revised classification system for HIV infection and expanded surveillance case definition for AIDS among adolescents and adults. MMWR 1993; 41(RR-17):1-13.
10. Pierson RN Jr, Wang J & Heymsfield SB. Measuring body fat: calibrating the rulers. Intermethod comparisons in 389 normal caucasian subjects. American Journal of Physiology 1991; 261:E829-E834.
11. Lohman TG. Skinfolds and body density and their relation to body fatness: a review. Human Biology 1981; 53:181-225.
12. Lemieux S, Prud'homme D, Bouchard C, Tremblay A & Despres JP. A single threshold of waist girth identifies normal-weight and overweight subjects with excess visceral adipose tissue. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1996; 64:685-693.
13. Shafrin S & Grunfeld C. Fat distribution and metabolic changes in patients with HIV infection. AIDS 1999; 13:2493-2505.
14. Sugiuchi H, Uji Y & Okabe K. Direct measurement of highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol in serum with polyethylene glycol-modified enzymes and sulfated alpha-cyclodextrin. Clinical Chemistry 1995; 41:717-723.
15. Hainline A, Karon J & Lippel K. Lipid Ressearch Clinic Program. Manual of Laboratory Operations, Lipid and Lipoprotein Analysis. 2nd edn. Washington, DC, USA: Govt Printing Office; 2000.
16. Christeef N, Melchior JC, de Truchis P, Perronne CH, Nunez EA & Gougeon ML. Lipodystrophy defined by a clinical source in HIV-infected men on highly active antiretroviral therapy: correlation between dyslipidaemia and steroid hormone alterations. AIDS 1999; 13: 2251-2260.
17. The Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 1997; 20:1183-1197.
18. Mulder J, McKinnev N, Christopherson C, Sninsky J, Greenfield L & Kwok S. Rapid and simple PCR assay for quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in plasma: application to acute retroviral infection. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 1994; 32:292-230.
19. Elosua R, Marrugat J, Molina L, Pons S, The MARATHOM Investigators. Validation of the Minnesota leisure time physical activity questionnaire in Spanish men. American Journal of Epidemiology 1994; 139:1197-1209.
20. Armitage P, Berry G & Matthews JNS. Statistical Methods in Medical Research. 4th edition. 2002; Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd.
21. Norussis MJ. SPSS/PC for the IBM PC/XT/AT. 1986; Chicago, Ill., USA: SPSS, Inc.
22. Hosmer DW Jr & Lemeshow S. Applied logistic regresssion. 1989; New York, NY, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
23. Ford ES, Giles WH & Dietz WH. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults. Findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Journal of the American Medical Association 2002; 287:356-359.
24. Stampfer MJ, Sacks FM, Salvini S, Willett WC & Hennekens CH. A prospective study of cholesterol, apolipoproteins, and the risk of myocardial infarction. New England Journal of Medicine 1991; 325:373-381.
25. Matthews GV, Moyle GJ, Mandalia S, Bower M, Nelson M & Gazzard BG. Absence of association between individual thymidine analogues or non-nucloside analogues and lipid abnomalities in HIV-1-infected patients on initial therapy. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2000; 24:310-315.
26. Mildvan D, Machado SG, Wilets I & Grossberg SE. Endogenous interferon and triglyceride concentrations to assess response to zidovudine in AIDS and advanced AIDS-related complex. Lancet 1992; 339:453-456.
27. Shikuma CM, Waslien C, McKeague J, Baker N, Arakaki M, Cui XW, Souza S, Imrie A & Arakaki R. Fasting hyperinsulinemia and increased waist-to-hip ratios in non-wasting individuals with AIDS. AIDS 1999; 13:1359-1365.
28. Barreiro P, Soriano V, Blanco F, Casimiro C, de la Cruz JJ & Gonzalez-Lahoz J. Risks and benefits of replacing protease inhibitors by nevirapne in HIV-infected subjects under long-term successful triple combination therapy. AIDS 2000; 14:807-812.
29. Ruiz L, Negredo E, Domingo P, Paredes R, Balagué M, Gel S, Bonjoch A, Fumaz CR, Johnston S, Romeu J, Lange J & Clotet B. Antiretroviral treatment simplification with nevirapine in PI-experienced patients suffering HIV-associated lipodystroph syndrome: virological, immunologic and clinical benefit. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2001; 27:229-236.
30. Saint-Marc T, Partisani M, Poizot-Martin I, Rouviere O, Bruno F, Avellaneda R, Lang JM, Gastaut JA & Touraine JL. Fat distribution evaluated by computed tomography and metabolic abnormalities in patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy: preliminary results of the LIPOCO study. AIDS 2000; 14:37-49.
31. Martinez E, Collazos J, Mayo J & Blanco MS. Sexual dysfunction with protease inhibitors. Lancet 1999; 353:810-811.
32. Mallal SA, John M, Moore CB, James IR & McKinnon EJ. Contribution of nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors to subcutaneous fat wasting in patients with HIV infection. AIDS 2000; 14: 1309-1316.
33. Bogner JR, Vielhauer V, Beckmann RA, Michl G, Wille L, Salzberger B & Goebel FD. Stavudine versus zidovudine and the development of lipodystrophy. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2001; 27:237-244.
34. Tsiodras S, Mantzoros C, Hammer S & Samore M. Effects of protease inhibitors on hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and lipodystrophy. A 5-year cohort study. Archives of Internal Medicine 2000; 160:2050-2056.
35. Martinez E, Mocroft A, García-Viejo MA, Pérez-Cuevas JB, Blanco JL, Mallolas J, Bianchi L, Conget I, Blanch J, Phillips A & Gatell JM. Risk of lipodystrophy in HIV-1infected patients treated with protease inhibitors: a prospective cohort study. Lancet 2001; 357:592-598.
36. Gervasoni C, Ridolfo AL, Trifiro G, Norbiato G, Musicco M, Clerici M, Galli M & Moroni M. Redistribution of body fat in HIV+ women undergoing combined antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 1999; 13:465-471.
37. Madge S, Kinloch de Loes S, Mercey D, Johnson MA & Weller IVD. Lipodystrophy in patients naive to protease inhibitors. AIDS 1999; 13:735-737.
38. Yanovski JA, Miller KD & Kino T. Endocrine and metabolic evaluation of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with evidence of protease inhibitor-associated lipodystrophy. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 1999; 84:1925-1931.
39. Caan B, Armstrong MA & Selby JV. Changes in measurements of body fat distribution accompanying weight change. International Journal of Obesity & Related Metabolic Disorders 1994; 18:397-404.
40. Schwenk A, Breuer JP, Kremer G, Romer K, Bethe U, Franzen C, Fatkenheuer G & Salzberger B. Risk factors for the HIV-associated lipodystrophy in a cross-sectional single-center study. European Journal of Medical Research 2000; 30:443-448.
41. Hillebrand M, van Dalen J, ten Veen J & Besselink R. The Smart Study-II: risk factors for lipodystrophy. XIII International AIDS Conference. Durban, July 2000 [abstract WePeB4247].
42. Lichtenstein K, Ward D, Moorman AC, Delaney KM, Young B, Palella FJ, Rhodes PH, Wood KC, Holmberg SD & the HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. Clinical assessment of HIV-associated lipodystrophy in an ambulatory population. AIDS 2001; 15:1389-1398.
43. Bhasin S, Storer TW & Javanbakht M. Testosterone replacement and resistance exercise in HIV-infected men with weight loss and low testosterone levels. Journal of the American Medical Association 2000; 283:763-770.
44. Roubenoff R, McDermott A, Weiss L, Suri J, Wood M, Bloch R & Gorbach S. Short-term progressive resistance training increases strength and lean body mass in adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus. AIDS 1999; 13:231-239.
45. Henry K, Melroe H, Huebesch J, Hermundson J & Simpson J. Atorvastatin and gemfibrozil for protease-inhibitor-related lipid abnormalities. Lancet 1998; 352:1031-1032.
46. Roberts SB, Young VR, Fuss P, Heyman MB, Fiatarone MA, Dallal GE, Cortilla & WJ & Evans WJ. What are the dietary energy needs of elderly adults? International Journal of Obesity 1992; 16:969-976.
47. Roubenoff R, Schmitz H, Bairos L, Layne J, Potts E, Cloutier GJ & Denry F. Reduction of abdominal obesity in lipodystrophy associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection by means of diet and exercise: case report and proof of principle. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2002; 3:390-393.
48. Kaye SA, Folsom AR, Jacobs DR Jr, Hughes GH & Flack JM. Psychosocial correlates of body fat distribution in black and white young adults. International Journal of Obesity & Related Metabolic Disorders 1993; 17:271-277.
49. Samaras K & Campbell LV. The non-genetic determinants of central adiposity. International Journal of Obesity & Related Metabolic Disorders 1997; 21:839-845.
50. Grunfeld C. The FRAM Study. In: Martinez E, Carr A. From basic science to real life: disturbing metabolic disturbances. Bridging session. XIV International AIDS Conference. Barcelona, July 9, 2002.
51. Whaley MH & Blair SN. Epidemiology of physical activity, physical fitness and coronary heart disease. Journal of Cardiovascular Risk 1995; 2:289-295.