Crossroads of extrathymic lymphocytes maturation pathways

Medical Hypotheses

Volumn 61, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 235-239

  Bubanovic, I V ^a  

^a Dept of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

B7 ANTIGEN; CD86 ANTIGEN; CYTOKINE; FAS LIGAND; HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN; HORMONE; INTERLEUKIN 7; PROSTAGLANDIN; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA;

AGING; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL FUNCTION; CELL MATURATION; CELL MIGRATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; DENDRITIC CELL; GRAFT REJECTION; HUMAN; HYPOTHESIS; IMMUNITY; LYMPHOID ORGAN; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; MICROENVIRONMENT; MICROORGANISM; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; T LYMPHOCYTE; TH2 CELL; THYMUS; TROPHOBLAST; TUMOR ESCAPE;

EID: 0041621524     PISSN: 03069877     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0306-9877(03)00151-8     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Nossal G. J. V. Negative selection of lymphocytes. Cell 1994; 76: 229-240.
2. Antonia S. J., Geiger T., Miller J., Flavell R. A. Mechanisms of immune tolerance reduction through the thymic expression of a peripheral tissue-specific protein. Int Immunol 1995; 7(5): 715-725.
3. Berzins S. P., Boyd R. L., Miller J. F. The role of the thymus and recent thymic migrants in the maintenance of the adult peripheral lymphocyte pool. J Exp Med 1998; 187: 1839-1848.
4. Ohteki T., Okuyama R., Seki S. et al. Age-dependent increase of extrathymic T cells in the liver and their appearance in the periphery of older mice. J Immunol 1992; 149(5): 1562-1570.
5. Abo T. Extrathymic pathways of T-cell differentiation and immunomodulation. Int Immunopharmacol 2001;(7): 1261-1273.
6. Tamauchi H., Tamaoki N., Habu S. CD4+CD8+ thymocytes develop into CD4 or CD8 single-positive cells in athymic nude mice. Eur J Immunol 1988; 18(11): 1859-1862.
7. Collins C., Norris S., McEmee G. et al. RAG1, RAG2 and pre-T cell receptor α chain expression by adult human hepatic T cells: evidence for extrathymic T cell maturation. Eur J Immunol 1996; 26(12): 3114-3118.
8. Mabuchi A., Kodaira Y., Norose Y., Saizawa M., Kitajima M., Yokomuro K. Role of the liver in T cell differentiation-generation of CD3-CD4+/ CD8+TCRβ cells and CD3-4-8-TCRβ+ cells from CD4-8-TCRβ- athymic nude bone marrow cells by culture with parenchymal liver cells. J Leukoc Biol 1998; 63(5): 575-583.
9. Nagasawa T., Sano K., Ike F. et al. Negative selection of thymus-dependent CD4+8+ intestinal intraepitheilal lymphocytes by internal superantigens. Cell Immunol 1993; 147(1): 158-166.
10. Ohtsuka K., Iiai T., Watanabe H. et al. Similarities and differences between extrathyrnic T cells residing in mouse liver and intestine. Cell Immunol 1994; 153(1): 52-66.
11. Moghaddami M., Cummins A., Mayrhofer G. Lymphocyte-filled villi: comparison with other lymphoid aggregations in the mucosa of the human small intestine. Gastroenterology 1998; 115(6): 1414-1425.
12. Kadena T., Matsuzaki G., Fujise S. et al. TCRαβ+ CD4-CD8- T cells differentiate extrathymically in an lck-independent manner and participate in early response against Listeria monocytogenes infection through interferon-γ production. Immunology 1997; 91(4): 511-519.
13. Kusumi A., Abo T., Masuda T. et al. Lymphotoxin activates hepatic T cells and simultaneously induces profound thymic atrophy. Immunology 1992; 77(2): 177-184.
14. Swat W., Ignatowicz L., von Boehmer H., Kisielow P. Clonal deletion of immature CD4+8+ thymocytes in suspension culture by extrathymic antigen-presenting cells. Nature 1991; 351(6322): 150-153.
15. Abo T. Extrathymic pathways of T-cell differentiation: a primitive and fundamental immune system. Microbiol Immunol 1993; 37(4): 247-258.
16. Howie D., Spencer J., DeLord D. et al. Extrathymic T cell differentiation in the human intestine early in life. J Immunol 1998; 161(11): 5862-5872.
17. Hayakawa S., Karasaki-Suzuki M., Itoh T. et al. Effects of paternal lymphocyte immunization on peripheral Th1/Th2 balance and TCR V β and V γ repertoire usage of patients with recurrent spontaneous abortions. Am J Reprod Immunol 2000; 43(2): 107-115.
18. McMahan C. J., Fink P. J. Receptor revision in peripheral T cells creates a diverse V β repertoire. J Immunol 2000; 165(12): 6902-6907.
19. Borenstein S. H., Tao K. S., West L. J., Chamberlain J. W. Extrathymic deletion of CD8+ alloreactive T cells in a transgenic T cell receptor model of neonatal tolerance. Transplantation 2001; 72(11): 1807-1816.
20. Lamontagne L., Massicotte E., Page C. et al. Intrahepatic αβ-TcR intermediate LFA-1high T cells are stimulated during mouse hepatitis viral infection. Adv Exp Med Biol 1998; 440: 479-483.
21. 2 phenomenon. Immunol Today 1993; 14: 353-356.
22. Minagawa M., Narita J., Tada T. et al. Mechanisms underlying immunologic states during pregnancy: possible association of the sympathetic nervous system. Cell Immunol 1999; 196(1): 1-13.
23. Lee R. S., Schlumberger M., Callou B. et al. Phenotypic and functional characterisation of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes derived from thyroid tumours. Eur J Cancer 1996; 32A(7): 1233-1239.
24. Zuckermann F. A. Extrathymic CD4/CD8 double positive T cells. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1999; 72(1-2): 55-66.
25. Moroda T., Iiai T., Kawachi Y., Kawamura T., Hatakeyama K., Abo T. Restricted appearance of self-reactive clones into T cell receptor intermediate cells in neonatally thymectomized mice with autoimmune disease. Eur J Immunol 1996; 26(12): 3084-3091.
26. Ikebe H., Yamada H., Nomoto M. et al. Persistent infection with Listeria monocytogenes in the kidney induces anti-inflammatory invariant fetal- type γδ T cells. Immunology 2001; 102(1): 94-102.
27. Uchikawa R., Matsuda S., Yamada M., Nishida M., Agui T., Arizono N. Nematode infection induces Th2 cell-associated immune responses in LEC mutant rats with helper T cell immunodeficiency. Parasite Immunol 1997; 19(10): 461-468.
28. Tsark E. C., Dao M. A., Wang X., Weinberg K., Nolta J. A. IL-7 enhances the responsiveness of human T cells that develop in the bone marrow of athymic mice. J Immunol 2001; 166(1): 170-181.
29. Maeurer M. J., Lotze M. T. Interleukin-7 (IL-7) knockout mice. Implications for lymphopoiesis and organ-specific immunity. Int Rev Immunol 1998; 16(34): 309-322.
30. Maki K., Sunaga S., Komagata Y. Interleukin 7 receptor-deficient mice lack γδ T cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996; 93(14): 7172-7177.
31. Porter B. O., Malek T. R. Thymic and intestinal intraepithelial T lymphocyte development are each regulated by the γc-dependent cytokines IL-2, IL-7, and IL-15. Semin Immunol 2000; 12(5): 465-474.
32. DiSanto J. P. Cytokines: shared receptors, distinct functions. Curr Biol 1997; 7(7): R424-R426.
33. Swat W., Ignatowicz L., von Boehmer H., Kisielow P. Clonal deletion of immature CD4+8+ thymocytes in suspension culture by extrathymic antigen-presenting cells. Nature 1991; 351(6322): 150-153.
34. Shimizu T., Kawamura T., Miyaji C. et al. Resistance of extrathymic T cells to stress and the role of endogenous glucocorticoids in stress associated immunosuppression. Scand J Immunol 2000; 51(3): 285-292.