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8
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0006800743
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R. Bonnichsen, K. L. Tummire, Eds. (Oregon State Univ. Press, Corvallis)
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S. T. Goebel, S. B. Slobodin, in Ice Age Peoples of North America, R. Bonnichsen, K. L. Tummire, Eds. (Oregon State Univ. Press, Corvallis, 1999), pp. 104-155.
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Goebel, S.T.1
Slobodin, S.B.2
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9
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0041437016
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note
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Dikov (5-7) theorized that component 7 at Ushki was related to other early American cultures, such as the Western Stemmed Point complex of western North America.
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10
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0035134553
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C. A. S. Mandryk, H. Josenhans, D. W. Fedje, R. W. Mathewes, Quat. Sci. Rev. 20, 301 (2001).
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, pp. 301
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Mandryk, C.A.S.1
Josenhans, H.2
Fedje, D.W.3
Mathewes, R.W.4
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11
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0001079330
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R. Bonnichsen, K. L. Turnmire, Eds. (Oregon State Univ. Press, Corvallis)
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T. D. Hamilton, T. Goebel, in Ice Age Peoples of North America, R. Bonnichsen, K. L. Turnmire, Eds. (Oregon State Univ. Press, Corvallis, 1999), pp. 156-199.
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Hamilton, T.D.1
Goebel, T.2
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14
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0042940109
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[in Russian], N. N. Dikov, Ed. (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Magadan)
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V. F. Ivanov, in Drevnie Pamiatniki Severa Dal'nego Vostoka [in Russian], N. N. Dikov, Ed. (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Magadan, 1990), pp. 161-170.
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, pp. 161-170
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Ivanov, V.F.1
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15
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-
0041938419
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-
note
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These deposits are not pyroclastic or lacustrine in origin, as others have suggested (6, 36).
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-
-
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17
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-
0042940127
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note
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14C dates, using Calib 4.3 (37).
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-
-
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19
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-
0041437014
-
-
note
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14C years B.P., as suggested by the original series of 14C dates obtained at the time of the excavation. It is equally plausible that because the grave was dug into older sediments containing charcoal, the older sediments and associated charcoal filled the grave and led to the erroneous ages.
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-
-
-
20
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-
0002350711
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-
F. H. West, Ed. (Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago)
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M. A. Kir'yak, in American Beginnings: The Prehistory and Palaeocology of Beringia, F. H. West, Ed. (Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1996), pp. 228-236.
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American Beginnings: The Prehistory and Palaeocology of Beringia
, pp. 228-236
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Kir'yak, M.A.1
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23
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-
0042940128
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-
Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC
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T. D. Dillehay, Monte Verde: A Late Pleistocene Settlement in Chile, vol. 2, The Archaeological Context and Interpretation (Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, 1997).
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(1997)
Monte Verde: A Late Pleistocene Settlement in Chile, Vol. 2, The Archaeological Context and Interpretation
, vol.2
-
-
Dillehay, T.D.1
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25
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-
0041437015
-
-
note
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14C-dated samples (2, 11).
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-
-
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26
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0042439340
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-
R. G. Elston, S. L. Kuhn, Eds. (Archeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association 12, Arlington, VA)
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T. Goebel, in Thinking Small: Global Perspectives in Lithic Microlithization, R. G. Elston, S. L. Kuhn, Eds. (Archeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association 12, Arlington, VA, 2002), pp. 117-132.
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(2002)
Thinking Small: Global Perspectives in Lithic Microlithization
, pp. 117-132
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Goebel, T.1
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27
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-
85036726583
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R. G. Elston, S. L. Kuhn, Eds. (Archeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association 12, Arlington, VA)
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R. G. Elston, P. J. Brantingham, in Thinking Small: Global Perspectives in Lithic Microlithization, R. G. Elston, S. L. Kuhn, Eds. (Archeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association 12, Arlington, VA, 2002), pp. 103-116.
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(2002)
Thinking Small: Global Perspectives in Lithic Microlithization
, pp. 103-116
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-
Elston, R.G.1
Brantingham, P.J.2
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36
-
-
0041437013
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N. A. Shilo, N. N. Dikov, A. V. Lozhkin, Arct. Anthropol. 21(2), 69 (1984).
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(1984)
Arct. Anthropol.
, vol.21
, Issue.2
, pp. 69
-
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Shilo, N.A.1
Dikov, N.N.2
Lozhkin, A.V.3
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39
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-
0003998601
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R. E. Taylor, A. Long, R. S. Kra, Eds. (Springer-Verlag, New York)
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C. V. Haynes Jr, in Radiocarbon After Four Decades, R. E. Taylor, A. Long, R. S. Kra, Eds. (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1992).
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(1992)
Radiocarbon After Four Decades
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Haynes C.V., Jr.1
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40
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0002785131
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E. Johnson, Ed. (Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock)
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C. R. Ferring, in Ancient Peoples and Landscapes, E. Johnson, Ed. (Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, 1995).
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(1995)
Ancient Peoples and Landscapes
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Ferring, C.R.1
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41
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0041437000
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note
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This project was funded by the National Science Foundation (grant BCS 0076120). Special thanks to I. Buvit (mapping and descriptions of stratigraphic profiles), K. Graf (lithic artifact analyses), I. Ponkratova (logistical support during the 2000 Ushki expedition). I. Sleptsov (excavation of the layer 6 dwelling at Ushki 5), and K. Terry (artifact illustrations). Thanks to G. Haynes and J. Hoffecker for commenting on an earlier draft of this paper.
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