A fluted point from the Uptar site, northeastern Siberia

Science

Volumn 273, Issue 5275, 1996, Pages 634-636

  King, Maureen L ^a,b   Slobodin, Sergei B ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^b DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^c Department of Education ^*  (Russian Federation)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARCHEOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TECHNOLOGY; UNITED STATES; USSR;

BERING LAND BRIDGE; BERINGIA; HOLOCENE; PALAEOLITHIC; STONE TOOL; TEPHRA;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SIBERIA, UPTAR;

EID: 0029659902     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.273.5275.634     Document Type: Review

References (26)

1. D. M. Hopkins, J. V. Matthews, C. E. Schweger, S. B. Young, Eds., Paleoecobgy of Beringia (Academic Press, New York, 1982), pp. 3-28.
2. S. A. Elias, S. K. Short, R. L. Phillips, Quat. Res. 38, 371 (1992).
3. We define northeastern Siberia as the area that extends from the Verkhoyansk Range to the Bering Strait, including Kamchatka. Only two archaeological sites in this region provide radiocarbon dates that are Pleistocene in age: Ushki I (level 6 and 7) and Berelekh.
4. Yu. A. Mochanov (14) argues that the Diuktai culture dates to 35,000 years B.P., which is coincident with the Upper Paleolithic of Europe, although dates earlier than 20,000 years B.P. may lack credibility. See S. Yi and G. A. Clark, Curr. Anthropol. 26, 1 (1985).
5. D. E. Dumond, Science 209, 984 (1980).
6. J. F. Hoffecker, W. R. Powers, T. Goebel, ibid. 259, 46 (1993); W. R. Powers and J. F. Hoffecker, Am. Antiq. 54, 263 (1989); T. Goebel, W. R. Powers, N. H. Bigelow, in Clovis: Origins and Adaptations, R. Bonnichsen and K. L. Turnmire, Eds. (Center for the Study of the First Americans, Orono, Corvallis, OR, 1991), pp, 49-79.
7. J. F. Hoffecker, W. R. Powers, T. Goebel, ibid. 259, 46 (1993); W. R. Powers and J. F. Hoffecker, Am. Antiq. 54, 263 (1989); T. Goebel, W. R. Powers, N. H. Bigelow, in Clovis: Origins and Adaptations, R. Bonnichsen and K. L. Turnmire, Eds. (Center for the Study of the First Americans, Orono, Corvallis, OR, 1991), pp, 49-79.
8. J. F. Hoffecker, W. R. Powers, T. Goebel, ibid. 259, 46 (1993); W. R. Powers and J. F. Hoffecker, Am. Antiq. 54, 263 (1989); T. Goebel, W. R. Powers, N. H. Bigelow, in Clovis: Origins and Adaptations, R. Bonnichsen and K. L. Turnmire, Eds. (Center for the Study of the First Americans, Orono, Corvallis, OR, 1991), pp, 49-79.
9. C. V. Haynes, in Paleoecology of Beringia, D. M. Hopkins, J. V. Matthews, C. E. Schweger, S. B. Young, Eds. (Academic Press. New York, 1982), pp. 383-398.
10. D. J. Meltzer, Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 24, 21 (1995).
11. S. B. Slobodin, in Drevnie Pamyatniki Severs Dal'nego Vostoka (Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Magadan, Russia, 1990), pp. 65-74; S. B. Slobodin and M. L. King, in American Beginnings, F. H. West, Ed. (Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago, in press).
12. S. B. Slobodin, in Drevnie Pamyatniki Severs Dal'nego Vostoka (Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Magadan, Russia, 1990), pp. 65-74; S. B. Slobodin and M. L. King, in American Beginnings, F. H. West, Ed. (Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago, in press).
13. A. V. Lozhkin et al., Quat. Res. 39, 314 (1993).
14. A. V. Lozhkin, Radiouglerodnoe Datirovanie Arkheologicheskikh Pamyatnikov na Territorii Magadanskoi Oblasti (Otchet Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Magadan, Russia, 1989).
15. Two samples were examined at the Desert Research Institute by optical petrography. The stone is a fine-grained siltstone between 10 and 30 μm. Grain alignment indicates that the stone has not been metamorphosed.
16. N. N. Dikov, Arkheologicheskie Pamyatiki Kamchatki, Chukotki i Verkhnei Kolymy (Nauka, Moscow, 1977); N. N. Dikov, Aziya na Styke s Amerikoy v Drevnosti (Nauka, St. Petersburg, 1983).
17. N. N. Dikov, Arkheologicheskie Pamyatiki Kamchatki, Chukotki i Verkhnei Kolymy (Nauka, Moscow, 1977); N. N. Dikov, Aziya na Styke s Amerikoy v Drevnosti (Nauka, St. Petersburg, 1983).
18. Yu. A. Mochanov, Drevneishie Etapy Zaseleniya Chelovekom Severo-Vostochnoi Azii (Nauka, Novosibirsk, Russia, 1977).
19. C. V. Haynes, Rev. Archaeol. 12, 8 (1991).
20. We are treating the assemblage as a coherent collection. The spatial relation of artifacts, uniform stone material type, and other factors lead us to believe that this is so.
21. E. J. Dixon, Quest for the Origins of the First Americans (Univ. of New Mexico Press. Albuquerque. 1990).
22. J. P. Cook, paper presented at the 21st annual meeting of the Alaska Anthropological Association, Juneau, AK, 31 March to 2 April 1994; C. E. Holmes, R. Vanderhoek, T. Dilley, paper presented at the 21 st Annual Meeting of the Alaska Anthropological Association, Juneau, AK, 31 March to 2 April 1994.
23. J. P. Cook, paper presented at the 21st annual meeting of the Alaska Anthropological Association, Juneau, AK, 31 March to 2 April 1994; C. E. Holmes, R. Vanderhoek, T. Dilley, paper presented at the 21 st Annual Meeting of the Alaska Anthropological Association, Juneau, AK, 31 March to 2 April 1994.
24. The temporal span for occupation of the Mesa site is based on a series of 12 AMS radiocarbon dates that cluster around 10,000 years B.P. and two AMS radiocarbon dates of 11,190 ± 70 and 11,660 ± 80 years B.P. [M. L. Kunz and R. E. Reanier, Arctic Anthropol. 32, 5 (1995)].
25. D. E. Dumond, The Eskimos and Aleuts (Thames and Hudson, London, 1987).
26. We thank P. M. Anderson, P. E. Buck, D. E. Dumond, D. K. Grayson, D. M. Greenlee, and D. Rhode for critical reading of the manuscript; A. E. Close, M. L. Kunz, and D. Meltzer for valuable discussions of the Uptar material; F. Niais for petrographic work; S. Edwards for advice about artifact drawings; D. Melton for assistance with Fig. 3; and H. Herpolsheimer for the digital images of the fluted point. The support of G. Eddy, the University of Washington Royalty Research Fund, and the University of Washington Alice L. and Genevieve B. Niles Fellowship is gratefully acknowledged.