Ten balances for weighing UN reform proposals

Political Science Quarterly

Volumn 111, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 259-269

  Russett, Bruce ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0041049174     PISSN: 00323195     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/2152321     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Donald C. F. Daniel and Bradd C. Hayes, eds., Beyond Traditional Peacekeeping (New York: St. Martin's, 1995); Lori Fisler Damrosch, ed., Enforcing Restraint: Collective Intervention in Internal Conflicts (New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1993).
2. Donald C. F. Daniel and Bradd C. Hayes, eds., Beyond Traditional Peacekeeping (New York: St. Martin's, 1995); Lori Fisler Damrosch, ed., Enforcing Restraint: Collective Intervention in Internal Conflicts (New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1993).
3. Major ones include Erskine Childers with Brian Urquhart, Renewing the United Nations System (Uppsala Sweden: Dag Hammarskjold Foundation, 1994); South Commission, Reforming the United Nations: A View from the South (Geneva: South Centre, 1995); Commission on Global Governance, Our Global Neighborhood (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995); Independent Working Group on the Future of the United Nations, The United Nations in Its Second Half-Century (New York: Ford Foundation, 1995).
4. Major ones include Erskine Childers with Brian Urquhart, Renewing the United Nations System (Uppsala Sweden: Dag Hammarskjold Foundation, 1994); South Commission, Reforming the United Nations: A View from the South (Geneva: South Centre, 1995); Commission on Global Governance, Our Global Neighborhood (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995); Independent Working Group on the Future of the United Nations, The United Nations in Its Second Half-Century (New York: Ford Foundation, 1995).
5. Major ones include Erskine Childers with Brian Urquhart, Renewing the United Nations System (Uppsala Sweden: Dag Hammarskjold Foundation, 1994); South Commission, Reforming the United Nations: A View from the South (Geneva: South Centre, 1995); Commission on Global Governance, Our Global Neighborhood (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995); Independent Working Group on the Future of the United Nations, The United Nations in Its Second Half-Century (New York: Ford Foundation, 1995).
6. Major ones include Erskine Childers with Brian Urquhart, Renewing the United Nations System (Uppsala Sweden: Dag Hammarskjold Foundation, 1994); South Commission, Reforming the United Nations: A View from the South (Geneva: South Centre, 1995); Commission on Global Governance, Our Global Neighborhood (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995); Independent Working Group on the Future of the United Nations, The United Nations in Its Second Half-Century (New York: Ford Foundation, 1995).
7. Bruce Russett, Grasping the Democratic Peace: Principles for a Post-Cold War World (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993); John Oneal, Frances Oneal, Zeev Maoz, and Brace Russett, "The Liberal Peace: Interdependence, Democracy, and International Conflict, 1950-1985," Journal of Peace Research 33 (February 1996): 11-28.
8. Bruce Russett, Grasping the Democratic Peace: Principles for a Post-Cold War World (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993); John Oneal, Frances Oneal, Zeev Maoz, and Brace Russett, "The Liberal Peace: Interdependence, Democracy, and International Conflict, 1950-1985," Journal of Peace Research 33 (February 1996): 11-28.
9. This term is used explicitly by the Commission on Global Governance and the Independent Working Group (see fh. 1); also United Nations Development Programme, Human Development Report 1994 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994).
10. See Hedley Bullard and Adam Watson, eds., The Evolution of International Society: A Comparative Historical Analysis (London: Routledge, 1994); Mark Zacher, "The Decaying Pillars of the Westphalian System" in Ernst-Otto Czempiel and James Rosenau, eds., Governance without Government: Order and Change in World Politics (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1992); D. J. Elkins, Beyond Sovereignty: Territory and Political Economy in the Twenty-First Century (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995); Michael Barnett, "The New UN Politics of Peace," Global Governance 1 (January 1995): 79-98.
11. See Hedley Bullard and Adam Watson, eds., The Evolution of International Society: A Comparative Historical Analysis (London: Routledge, 1994); Mark Zacher, "The Decaying Pillars of the Westphalian System" in Ernst-Otto Czempiel and James Rosenau, eds., Governance without Government: Order and Change in World Politics (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1992); D. J. Elkins, Beyond Sovereignty: Territory and Political Economy in the Twenty-First Century (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995); Michael Barnett, "The New UN Politics of Peace," Global Governance 1 (January 1995): 79-98.
12. See Hedley Bullard and Adam Watson, eds., The Evolution of International Society: A Comparative Historical Analysis (London: Routledge, 1994); Mark Zacher, "The Decaying Pillars of the Westphalian System" in Ernst-Otto Czempiel and James Rosenau, eds., Governance without Government: Order and Change in World Politics (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1992); D. J. Elkins, Beyond Sovereignty: Territory and Political Economy in the Twenty-First Century (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995); Michael Barnett, "The New UN Politics of Peace," Global Governance 1 (January 1995): 79-98.
13. See Hedley Bullard and Adam Watson, eds., The Evolution of International Society: A Comparative Historical Analysis (London: Routledge, 1994); Mark Zacher, "The Decaying Pillars of the Westphalian System" in Ernst-Otto Czempiel and James Rosenau, eds., Governance without Government: Order and Change in World Politics (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1992); D. J. Elkins, Beyond Sovereignty: Territory and Political Economy in the Twenty-First Century (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995); Michael Barnett, "The New UN Politics of Peace," Global Governance 1 (January 1995): 79-98.
14. Independent Working-Group, United Nations, 53.
15. Steven Ratner, The New UN Peacekeeping: Building Peace in Lands of Conflict after the Cold War (New York: St. Martin's, 1995) ; I. William Zartman, ed. Collapsed States: The Disintegration and Restoration of Legitimate Authority (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 1995).
16. Steven Ratner, The New UN Peacekeeping: Building Peace in Lands of Conflict after the Cold War (New York: St. Martin's, 1995) ; I. William Zartman, ed. Collapsed States: The Disintegration and Restoration of Legitimate Authority (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 1995).
17. Independent Working Group, United Nations, 38.
18. Ibid., 48.
19. For some possibilities, see the special issue, "The UN at Fifty: Policy and Financing Alternatives," Futures: The Journal of Forecasting, Planning, and Policy 27 (March 1995); and Dragoljub Najman and Hans d'Orville, Towards a New Multilateralism: Funding Global Priorities (Paris/New York: Independent Commission on Population and Quality of Life, 1995).
20. For some possibilities, see the special issue, "The UN at Fifty: Policy and Financing Alternatives," Futures: The Journal of Forecasting, Planning, and Policy 27 (March 1995); and Dragoljub Najman and Hans d'Orville, Towards a New Multilateralism: Funding Global Priorities (Paris/New York: Independent Commission on Population and Quality of Life, 1995).
21. Bruce Russett, Barry O'Neill, and James Sutterlin, "Breaking the Security Council Restructuring Logjam," Global Governance 2 (January-April 1996): 65-80.
22. Robert C. Hilderbrand, Dumbarton Oaks: The Origins of the United Nations and the Search for Postwar Security (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1990).
23. Alberto Allesina and Roberte Perotti, "The Political Economy of Growth: A Critical Survey of the Recent Literature," World Bank Economic Review 8 (September 1994): 354-55.
24. Ibid., 351-74; also Ross Burkhart and Michael Lewis-Beck, "Comparative Democracy: The Economic Development Thesis," American Political Science Review 88 (December 1994): 903-910; Adam Przeworski and Fernando Limongi, "Political Regimes and Economic Growth," Journal of Economic Perspectives 7 (Summer 1993): 51-70; John F. Helliwell, "Empirical Linkages between Democracy and Economic Growth," British Journal of Political Science 24 (April 1994): 175-98; Robert Putnam, Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993).
25. Ibid., 351-74; also Ross Burkhart and Michael Lewis-Beck, "Comparative Democracy: The Economic Development Thesis," American Political Science Review 88 (December 1994): 903-910; Adam Przeworski and Fernando Limongi, "Political Regimes and Economic Growth," Journal of Economic Perspectives 7 (Summer 1993): 51-70; John F. Helliwell, "Empirical Linkages between Democracy and Economic Growth," British Journal of Political Science 24 (April 1994): 175-98; Robert Putnam, Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993).
26. Ibid., 351-74; also Ross Burkhart and Michael Lewis-Beck, "Comparative Democracy: The Economic Development Thesis," American Political Science Review 88 (December 1994): 903-910; Adam Przeworski and Fernando Limongi, "Political Regimes and Economic Growth," Journal of Economic Perspectives 7 (Summer 1993): 51-70; John F. Helliwell, "Empirical Linkages between Democracy and Economic Growth," British Journal of Political Science 24 (April 1994): 175-98; Robert Putnam, Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993).
27. Ibid., 351-74; also Ross Burkhart and Michael Lewis-Beck, "Comparative Democracy: The Economic Development Thesis," American Political Science Review 88 (December 1994): 903-910; Adam Przeworski and Fernando Limongi, "Political Regimes and Economic Growth," Journal of Economic Perspectives 7 (Summer 1993): 51-70; John F. Helliwell, "Empirical Linkages between Democracy and Economic Growth," British Journal of Political Science 24 (April 1994): 175-98; Robert Putnam, Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993).
28. Ibid., 351-74; also Ross Burkhart and Michael Lewis-Beck, "Comparative Democracy: The Economic Development Thesis," American Political Science Review 88 (December 1994): 903-910; Adam Przeworski and Fernando Limongi, "Political Regimes and Economic Growth," Journal of Economic Perspectives 7 (Summer 1993): 51-70; John F. Helliwell, "Empirical Linkages between Democracy and Economic Growth," British Journal of Political Science 24 (April 1994): 175-98; Robert Putnam, Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993).
29. Mancur Olson, "Dictatorship, Democracy, and Development," American Political Science Review 87 (September 1993): 567-76.
30. Amartya Sen, Poverty and Famine (New York: Oxford University Press, 1981).
31. Boutros Boutros-Ghali, An Agenda for Peace (New York: United Nations, 1992), 26.
32. Independent Working Group, United Nations, 22.
33. Article 39 becomes the escape clause to permit intervention: "The Security Council shall determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression and shall make recommendations, or decide what measures shall be taken . . . to restore international peace and security."
34. See Alvaro de Soto and Graciana del Castillo, "Obstacles to Peacebuilding," Foreign Policy 94 (Spring 1994): 69-83; also Eva Bertram, "Reinventing Government: The Promise and Perils of Peacebuilding," Journal of Conflict Resolution 39 (September 1995): 387-418.
35. See Alvaro de Soto and Graciana del Castillo, "Obstacles to Peacebuilding," Foreign Policy 94 (Spring 1994): 69-83; also Eva Bertram, "Reinventing Government: The Promise and Perils of Peacebuilding," Journal of Conflict Resolution 39 (September 1995): 387-418.
36. Independent Working Group, United Nations, 52.