Templating and Clipping Coordination Reactions Leading to Heteronuclear Trimetallic Complexes Containing Interlocking Rings

Inorganic Chemistry

Volumn 36, Issue 13, 1997, Pages 2777-2783

  Cá́rdenas, Diego J ^a,b   Sauvage, Jean Pierre ^a  

^a CNRS   (France)

^b UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0040362045     PISSN: 00201669     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ic961469r     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Comprehensive Supramolecular Chemistry: Lehn, J.-M., Ed.: Sauvage, J.-P.: Hosseini, W., volume Eds.; Pergamon Press: Oxford, U.K., 1996; Vol. 9.
2. Maverick, A. W.; Ivie, M. L.; Waggenspack, J. H.; Fronczek, F. R. Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 2403. Maverick, A. W.; Buckingham, S. C.; Yao, Q.; Bradbury, J. R.; Stanley, G. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 7430.
3. Maverick, A. W.; Ivie, M. L.; Waggenspack, J. H.; Fronczek, F. R. Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 2403. Maverick, A. W.; Buckingham, S. C.; Yao, Q.; Bradbury, J. R.; Stanley, G. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 7430.
4. Saalfrank, R. W.; Trummer, S.; Krautscheid, H.; Schünemann, V.; Trautwein, A. X.; Hien, S.; Stadler, C.; Daub, J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2206. Saalfrank, R. W.; Burak, R.; Breit, A.; Stalke, D.; Herbst-Irmer, R.; Daub, J.; Porsch, M.; Bill, E.; Müther, M.; Trautwein, A. X. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 1621. Saalfrank, R. W.; Hörner, B.; Stalke, D.; Salbeck, J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1179. Saalfrank, R. W.; Stark, A.; Bremer, M.; Hummel, H.-U. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 311.
5. Saalfrank, R. W.; Trummer, S.; Krautscheid, H.; Schünemann, V.; Trautwein, A. X.; Hien, S.; Stadler, C.; Daub, J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2206. Saalfrank, R. W.; Burak, R.; Breit, A.; Stalke, D.; Herbst-Irmer, R.; Daub, J.; Porsch, M.; Bill, E.; Müther, M.; Trautwein, A. X. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 1621. Saalfrank, R. W.; Hörner, B.; Stalke, D.; Salbeck, J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1179. Saalfrank, R. W.; Stark, A.; Bremer, M.; Hummel, H.-U. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 311.
6. Saalfrank, R. W.; Trummer, S.; Krautscheid, H.; Schünemann, V.; Trautwein, A. X.; Hien, S.; Stadler, C.; Daub, J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2206. Saalfrank, R. W.; Burak, R.; Breit, A.; Stalke, D.; Herbst-Irmer, R.; Daub, J.; Porsch, M.; Bill, E.; Müther, M.; Trautwein, A. X. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 1621. Saalfrank, R. W.; Hörner, B.; Stalke, D.; Salbeck, J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1179. Saalfrank, R. W.; Stark, A.; Bremer, M.; Hummel, H.-U. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 311.
7. Saalfrank, R. W.; Trummer, S.; Krautscheid, H.; Schünemann, V.; Trautwein, A. X.; Hien, S.; Stadler, C.; Daub, J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2206. Saalfrank, R. W.; Burak, R.; Breit, A.; Stalke, D.; Herbst-Irmer, R.; Daub, J.; Porsch, M.; Bill, E.; Müther, M.; Trautwein, A. X. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 1621. Saalfrank, R. W.; Hörner, B.; Stalke, D.; Salbeck, J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1179. Saalfrank, R. W.; Stark, A.; Bremer, M.; Hummel, H.-U. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 311.
8. Some recent works: Hasenknopf, B.; Lehn, J.-M.; Kneisel, B. O.; Baum, G.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 1838. Benelli, C.; Parsons, S.; Solan, G. A.; Winpenny, R. E. P. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 1825.
9. Some recent works: Hasenknopf, B.; Lehn, J.-M.; Kneisel, B. O.; Baum, G.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 1838. Benelli, C.; Parsons, S.; Solan, G. A.; Winpenny, R. E. P. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 1825.
10. Constable, E. C.; Edwards, A. J.; Raithby, P. R.; Walker, J. V. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1465. Piguet, C.; Hopfgartner, G.; Bocquet, B.; Schaad, O.; Williams, A. F. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 9092.
11. Constable, E. C.; Edwards, A. J.; Raithby, P. R.; Walker, J. V. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1465. Piguet, C.; Hopfgartner, G.; Bocquet, B.; Schaad, O.; Williams, A. F. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 9092.
12. Piguet, C.; Bernardinelli, G.; Williams, A. F.; Bocquet, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 582.
13. Fujita, M.; Sasaki, O.; Mitsuhashi, T.; Fujita, T.; Yazaki, J.; Yamaguchi, K.; Ogura, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1996, 1535. Fujita, M.; Ibukuro, F.; Hagihara, H.; Ogura, K. Nature 1994, 367, 720. Fujita, M.; Ibukuro, F.; Seki, H.; Kamo, O.; Imanari, M.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 899. Fujita, M.; Kwon, Y. J.; Washizu, S.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 1151. Fujita, M.; Nagao, S.; Iida, M.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 1574. Fujita, M.; Yazaki, J.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 5645.
14. Fujita, M.; Sasaki, O.; Mitsuhashi, T.; Fujita, T.; Yazaki, J.; Yamaguchi, K.; Ogura, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1996, 1535. Fujita, M.; Ibukuro, F.; Hagihara, H.; Ogura, K. Nature 1994, 367, 720. Fujita, M.; Ibukuro, F.; Seki, H.; Kamo, O.; Imanari, M.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 899. Fujita, M.; Kwon, Y. J.; Washizu, S.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 1151. Fujita, M.; Nagao, S.; Iida, M.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 1574. Fujita, M.; Yazaki, J.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 5645.
15. Fujita, M.; Sasaki, O.; Mitsuhashi, T.; Fujita, T.; Yazaki, J.; Yamaguchi, K.; Ogura, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1996, 1535. Fujita, M.; Ibukuro, F.; Hagihara, H.; Ogura, K. Nature 1994, 367, 720. Fujita, M.; Ibukuro, F.; Seki, H.; Kamo, O.; Imanari, M.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 899. Fujita, M.; Kwon, Y. J.; Washizu, S.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 1151. Fujita, M.; Nagao, S.; Iida, M.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 1574. Fujita, M.; Yazaki, J.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 5645.
16. Fujita, M.; Sasaki, O.; Mitsuhashi, T.; Fujita, T.; Yazaki, J.; Yamaguchi, K.; Ogura, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1996, 1535. Fujita, M.; Ibukuro, F.; Hagihara, H.; Ogura, K. Nature 1994, 367, 720. Fujita, M.; Ibukuro, F.; Seki, H.; Kamo, O.; Imanari, M.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 899. Fujita, M.; Kwon, Y. J.; Washizu, S.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 1151. Fujita, M.; Nagao, S.; Iida, M.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 1574. Fujita, M.; Yazaki, J.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 5645.
17. Fujita, M.; Sasaki, O.; Mitsuhashi, T.; Fujita, T.; Yazaki, J.; Yamaguchi, K.; Ogura, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1996, 1535. Fujita, M.; Ibukuro, F.; Hagihara, H.; Ogura, K. Nature 1994, 367, 720. Fujita, M.; Ibukuro, F.; Seki, H.; Kamo, O.; Imanari, M.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 899. Fujita, M.; Kwon, Y. J.; Washizu, S.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 1151. Fujita, M.; Nagao, S.; Iida, M.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 1574. Fujita, M.; Yazaki, J.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 5645.
18. Fujita, M.; Sasaki, O.; Mitsuhashi, T.; Fujita, T.; Yazaki, J.; Yamaguchi, K.; Ogura, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1996, 1535. Fujita, M.; Ibukuro, F.; Hagihara, H.; Ogura, K. Nature 1994, 367, 720. Fujita, M.; Ibukuro, F.; Seki, H.; Kamo, O.; Imanari, M.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 899. Fujita, M.; Kwon, Y. J.; Washizu, S.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 1151. Fujita, M.; Nagao, S.; Iida, M.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 1574. Fujita, M.; Yazaki, J.; Ogura, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 5645.
19. Stang, P. J.; Olenyuk, B.; Fan, J.; Arif, A. M. Organometallics 1996, 15, 904. Stang, P. J.; Cao, D. H.; Saito, S.; Arif, A. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 6273. Stang, P. J.; Whiteford, J. A. Organometallics 1994, 13, 3776. Stang, P. J.; Cao, D. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 4981. Stang, P. J.; Chen, K.; Arif, A. M. J. Am., Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 8793. Stang, P. J.; Chen, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 1667.
20. Stang, P. J.; Olenyuk, B.; Fan, J.; Arif, A. M. Organometallics 1996, 15, 904. Stang, P. J.; Cao, D. H.; Saito, S.; Arif, A. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 6273. Stang, P. J.; Whiteford, J. A. Organometallics 1994, 13, 3776. Stang, P. J.; Cao, D. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 4981. Stang, P. J.; Chen, K.; Arif, A. M. J. Am., Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 8793. Stang, P. J.; Chen, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 1667.
21. Stang, P. J.; Olenyuk, B.; Fan, J.; Arif, A. M. Organometallics 1996, 15, 904. Stang, P. J.; Cao, D. H.; Saito, S.; Arif, A. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 6273. Stang, P. J.; Whiteford, J. A. Organometallics 1994, 13, 3776. Stang, P. J.; Cao, D. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 4981. Stang, P. J.; Chen, K.; Arif, A. M. J. Am., Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 8793. Stang, P. J.; Chen, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 1667.
22. Stang, P. J.; Olenyuk, B.; Fan, J.; Arif, A. M. Organometallics 1996, 15, 904. Stang, P. J.; Cao, D. H.; Saito, S.; Arif, A. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 6273. Stang, P. J.; Whiteford, J. A. Organometallics 1994, 13, 3776. Stang, P. J.; Cao, D. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 4981. Stang, P. J.; Chen, K.; Arif, A. M. J. Am., Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 8793. Stang, P. J.; Chen, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 1667.
23. Stang, P. J.; Olenyuk, B.; Fan, J.; Arif, A. M. Organometallics 1996, 15, 904. Stang, P. J.; Cao, D. H.; Saito, S.; Arif, A. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 6273. Stang, P. J.; Whiteford, J. A. Organometallics 1994, 13, 3776. Stang, P. J.; Cao, D. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 4981. Stang, P. J.; Chen, K.; Arif, A. M. J. Am., Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 8793. Stang, P. J.; Chen, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 1667.
24. Stang, P. J.; Olenyuk, B.; Fan, J.; Arif, A. M. Organometallics 1996, 15, 904. Stang, P. J.; Cao, D. H.; Saito, S.; Arif, A. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 6273. Stang, P. J.; Whiteford, J. A. Organometallics 1994, 13, 3776. Stang, P. J.; Cao, D. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 4981. Stang, P. J.; Chen, K.; Arif, A. M. J. Am., Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 8793. Stang, P. J.; Chen, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 1667.
25. Grohmann, A. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Eng. 1995, 34, 2107. Beer, P. D.; Rothin, A. S. Polyhedron 1989, 8, 1251.
26. Grohmann, A. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Eng. 1995, 34, 2107. Beer, P. D.; Rothin, A. S. Polyhedron 1989, 8, 1251.
27. Gruter, G.-J. M.; de Kanter, F. J. J.; Markies, P. R.; Nomoto, T.; Akkerman, O. S.; Bickelhaupt, F. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 12179.
28. Mingos, D. M. P.; Yan, J.; Menzer, S.; Williams, D. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 17.
29. Cárdenas, D. J.; Gaviña, P.; Sauvage, J. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 2657.
30. Kubas, G. J. Inorg. Synth. 1990, 28, 68.
31. Evans, I. P.; Spencer, A.; Wilkinson, G. J. Chem. Soc., Dalian Trans. 1973, 204. According to this reference, the trans isomer was prepared, since the crude complex was not recrystallized.
32. Compound 1 was prepared by double alkylation of 2,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline with 5"-methyl-5-(3-trifluoromethanosulfonyl-1-propyl)-2,2':6',2"- terpyridine. The synthesis will be reported elsewhere.
33. Mürner, H.; Belser, P.; von Zelewsky, A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 7989.
34. Some minor violet byproducts are obtained from the chromatography. Although they were not characterized, they probably are dpp cyclometalated species. In fact, cyclometalated complexes of related dpp ligands have been obtained: Collin, J.-P.; Kayhanian, R.; Sauvage, J.-P., unpublished results. For similar cyclometalation reactions see, for example: Reveco, P.; Cherry, W. R.; Medley, J.; Garber, A.; Gale, R. J.; Selbin, J. Inorg. Chem. 1996, 25, 1842. Reveco, P.; Schmehl, R. H.; Cherry, W. R.; Fronczec, F. R.; Selbin, J. Inorg. Chem 1985, 24, 4078. Beley, M.; Chodorowsky, S.; Collin, J.-P.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Flamigni, L.; Barigelletti, F. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 2543. Constable. E. C.; Cargill Thompson, A. M. W.; Greulich, S. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 1444. Constable, E. C.; Cargill Thompson, A. M. W. New. J. Chem. 1996, 20, 65, and references cited therein.
35. Some minor violet byproducts are obtained from the chromatography. Although they were not characterized, they probably are dpp cyclometalated species. In fact, cyclometalated complexes of related dpp ligands have been obtained: Collin, J.-P.; Kayhanian, R.; Sauvage, J.-P., unpublished results. For similar cyclometalation reactions see, for example: Reveco, P.; Cherry, W. R.; Medley, J.; Garber, A.; Gale, R. J.; Selbin, J. Inorg. Chem. 1996, 25, 1842. Reveco, P.; Schmehl, R. H.; Cherry, W. R.; Fronczec, F. R.; Selbin, J. Inorg. Chem 1985, 24, 4078. Beley, M.; Chodorowsky, S.; Collin, J.-P.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Flamigni, L.; Barigelletti, F. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 2543. Constable. E. C.; Cargill Thompson, A. M. W.; Greulich, S. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 1444. Constable, E. C.; Cargill Thompson, A. M. W. New. J. Chem. 1996, 20, 65, and references cited therein.
36. Some minor violet byproducts are obtained from the chromatography. Although they were not characterized, they probably are dpp cyclometalated species. In fact, cyclometalated complexes of related dpp ligands have been obtained: Collin, J.-P.; Kayhanian, R.; Sauvage, J.-P., unpublished results. For similar cyclometalation reactions see, for example: Reveco, P.; Cherry, W. R.; Medley, J.; Garber, A.; Gale, R. J.; Selbin, J. Inorg. Chem. 1996, 25, 1842. Reveco, P.; Schmehl, R. H.; Cherry, W. R.; Fronczec, F. R.; Selbin, J. Inorg. Chem 1985, 24, 4078. Beley, M.; Chodorowsky, S.; Collin, J.-P.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Flamigni, L.; Barigelletti, F. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 2543. Constable. E. C.; Cargill Thompson, A. M. W.; Greulich, S. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 1444. Constable, E. C.; Cargill Thompson, A. M. W. New. J. Chem. 1996, 20, 65, and references cited therein.
37. Some minor violet byproducts are obtained from the chromatography. Although they were not characterized, they probably are dpp cyclometalated species. In fact, cyclometalated complexes of related dpp ligands have been obtained: Collin, J.-P.; Kayhanian, R.; Sauvage, J.-P., unpublished results. For similar cyclometalation reactions see, for example: Reveco, P.; Cherry, W. R.; Medley, J.; Garber, A.; Gale, R. J.; Selbin, J. Inorg. Chem. 1996, 25, 1842. Reveco, P.; Schmehl, R. H.; Cherry, W. R.; Fronczec, F. R.; Selbin, J. Inorg. Chem 1985, 24, 4078. Beley, M.; Chodorowsky, S.; Collin, J.-P.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Flamigni, L.; Barigelletti, F. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 2543. Constable. E. C.; Cargill Thompson, A. M. W.; Greulich, S. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 1444. Constable, E. C.; Cargill Thompson, A. M. W. New. J. Chem. 1996, 20, 65, and references cited therein.
38. Some minor violet byproducts are obtained from the chromatography. Although they were not characterized, they probably are dpp cyclometalated species. In fact, cyclometalated complexes of related dpp ligands have been obtained: Collin, J.-P.; Kayhanian, R.; Sauvage, J.-P., unpublished results. For similar cyclometalation reactions see, for example: Reveco, P.; Cherry, W. R.; Medley, J.; Garber, A.; Gale, R. J.; Selbin, J. Inorg. Chem. 1996, 25, 1842. Reveco, P.; Schmehl, R. H.; Cherry, W. R.; Fronczec, F. R.; Selbin, J. Inorg. Chem 1985, 24, 4078. Beley, M.; Chodorowsky, S.; Collin, J.-P.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Flamigni, L.; Barigelletti, F. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 2543. Constable. E. C.; Cargill Thompson, A. M. W.; Greulich, S. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 1444. Constable, E. C.; Cargill Thompson, A. M. W. New. J. Chem. 1996, 20, 65, and references cited therein.
39. Some minor violet byproducts are obtained from the chromatography. Although they were not characterized, they probably are dpp cyclometalated species. In fact, cyclometalated complexes of related dpp ligands have been obtained: Collin, J.-P.; Kayhanian, R.; Sauvage, J.-P., unpublished results. For similar cyclometalation reactions see, for example: Reveco, P.; Cherry, W. R.; Medley, J.; Garber, A.; Gale, R. J.; Selbin, J. Inorg. Chem. 1996, 25, 1842. Reveco, P.; Schmehl, R. H.; Cherry, W. R.; Fronczec, F. R.; Selbin, J. Inorg. Chem 1985, 24, 4078. Beley, M.; Chodorowsky, S.; Collin, J.-P.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Flamigni, L.; Barigelletti, F. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 2543. Constable. E. C.; Cargill Thompson, A. M. W.; Greulich, S. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 1444. Constable, E. C.; Cargill Thompson, A. M. W. New. J. Chem. 1996, 20, 65, and references cited therein.
40. Dietrich-Buchecker, C.; Sauvage, J.-P. Tetrahedron 1990, 46, 503. Chambron, J.-C.; Chardon-Noblat, S.; Dietrich-Buchecker, C. O.; Heitz, V.; Sauvage, J.-P. Macrocycle Synthesis. A Practical Approach; Parker, D., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, U.K., 1996, p 207. Dietrich-Buchecker, C. O.; Sauvage, J.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1983, 24, 5091. Dietrich-Buchecker, C. O.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Kintzinger, J.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1983, 24, 5098.
41. Dietrich-Buchecker, C.; Sauvage, J.-P. Tetrahedron 1990, 46, 503. Chambron, J.-C.; Chardon-Noblat, S.; Dietrich-Buchecker, C. O.; Heitz, V.; Sauvage, J.-P. Macrocycle Synthesis. A Practical Approach; Parker, D., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, U.K., 1996, p 207. Dietrich-Buchecker, C. O.; Sauvage, J.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1983, 24, 5091. Dietrich-Buchecker, C. O.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Kintzinger, J.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1983, 24, 5098.
42. Dietrich-Buchecker, C.; Sauvage, J.-P. Tetrahedron 1990, 46, 503. Chambron, J.-C.; Chardon-Noblat, S.; Dietrich-Buchecker, C. O.; Heitz, V.; Sauvage, J.-P. Macrocycle Synthesis. A Practical Approach; Parker, D., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, U.K., 1996, p 207. Dietrich-Buchecker, C. O.; Sauvage, J.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1983, 24, 5091. Dietrich-Buchecker, C. O.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Kintzinger, J.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1983, 24, 5098.
43. Dietrich-Buchecker, C.; Sauvage, J.-P. Tetrahedron 1990, 46, 503. Chambron, J.-C.; Chardon-Noblat, S.; Dietrich-Buchecker, C. O.; Heitz, V.; Sauvage, J.-P. Macrocycle Synthesis. A Practical Approach; Parker, D., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, U.K., 1996, p 207. Dietrich-Buchecker, C. O.; Sauvage, J.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1983, 24, 5091. Dietrich-Buchecker, C. O.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Kintzinger, J.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1983, 24, 5098.
44. Cardenas, D. J.; Gaviña, P.; Sauvage, J.-P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1996, 1915.
45. (a) Livoreil, A.; Dietrich-Buchecker, C. O.; Sauvage, J.-P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 9299.
46. (b) Collin, J.-P.; Gaviña, P.; Sauvage, J.-P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun, 1996, 2005.
47. Cardenas, D. J.; Livoreil, A.; Sauvage, J.-P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 11980.
48. Chambron, J.-C.; Sauvage, J.-P. New J. Chem. 1990, 14, 883.
49. Difficulties have been encountered in the metalaiion of a "trefoil knot" with divalent but not monovalent metals, which suggest a similar effect between the two coordinating sites: Dietrich-Buchecker, C, O., personal communication. Synthesis of the knot: Dietrich-Buchecker, C. O.; Sauvage, J.-P.; De Cian, A.; Fischer, J. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1994, 2231.
50. Difficulties have been encountered in the metalaiion of a "trefoil knot" with divalent but not monovalent metals, which suggest a similar effect between the two coordinating sites: Dietrich-Buchecker, C, O., personal communication. Synthesis of the knot: Dietrich-Buchecker, C. O.; Sauvage, J.-P.; De Cian, A.; Fischer, J. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1994, 2231.