Why the microbrewery movement? Organizational dynamics of resource partitioning in the U.S. brewing industry

American Journal of Sociology

Volumn 10, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 715-762

  Carroll, Glenn R ^b   Swaminathan, Anand ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0040194104     PISSN: 00029602     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/318962     Document Type: Article

References (99)

1. Alexander, Peter J. 1996. "Entropy and Popular Culture: Product Diversity in the Music Recording Industry." American Sociological Review 61:171-74.
2. Alison, R. I., and K. P. Uhl. 1964. "Influence of Beer Brand Identification on Taste Perception." Journal of Marketing Research 1:36-39.
3. All about Beer. 1999. "Who Owns Redhook?" All about Beer 20 (July): 5.
4. Ashen, Scott. 1996. Interview conducted by authors in South China Brewing Company offices. Aberdeen, Hong Kong.
5. Backus, Richard. 1999. "'Business as Usual Is Over': An Interview with Brewing Industry Analyst Robert S. Weinberg." New Brewer 15 (March/April): 27-43.
6. Barnett, William P. 1997. "Dynamics of Competitive Intensity." Administrative Science Quarterly 42:128-60.
7. Barnett, William P., and Glenn R. Carroll. 1987. "Competition and Mutualism among Early Telephone Companies." Administrative Science Quarterly 30:400-421.
8. _. 1995a. "Mendocino Brewing Co." Manuscript. Stanford University, Graduate School of Business.
9. _. 1995b. "Modeling Internal Organizational Change." Pp. 217-36 in Annual Review of Sociology, vol. 21. Edited by John Hagan and Karen S. Cook. Palo Alto, Calif.: Annual Reviews.
10. _. 1998. American Craft Brew International. Manuscript. Stanford University, Graduate School of Business.
11. Barnett, William P., and Morten T. Hansen. 1996. "The Red Queen in Organizational Evolution." Strategic Management Journal 17 (Summer): 139-57.
12. Beer Institute. 1997. Brewers Almanac. Washington, D.C.: Beer Institute.
13. Bernstein, Mary. 1997. "Celebration and Suppression: The Strategic Uses of Identity by the Lesbian and Gay Movement." American Journal of Sociology 103:531-65.
14. Blossfeld, Hans-Peter, and Götz Rohwer. 1995. Techniques of Event History Modeling: New Approaches to Causal Analysis. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum.
15. Boone, Christophe, Vera Broecheler, and Glenn R. Carroll. 2000. "Custom Service: Application and Tests of Resource Partitioning among Dutch Auditing Firms from 1880 to 1982." Organization Studies 21:355-82.
16. Boone, Christophe, Glenn R. Carroll, and A. van Witteloostuijn. 1999. "Environmental Resource Distributions and the Market Partitioning of Dutch Daily Newspaper Organizations." Paper presented at the Academy of Management Meetings, Chicago, August.
17. Bradford, Daniel. 2000. "Adios, Sayanara, Ciao, Hasta la Vista, See You." All about Beer 20 (January): 6.
18. Bull, Donald, Manfred Friedrich, and Robert Gottschalk. 1984. American Breweries. Trumbull, Conn.: Bullworks.
19. Carroll, Glenn R. 1985. "Concentration and Specialization: Dynamics of Niche Width in Populations of Organizations." American Journal of Sociology 90:1262-83.
20. _. 1997. "Long-Term Evolutionary Change in Organizational Populations: Theory, Models and Empirical Findings in Industrial Demography." Industrial and Corporate Change 6:119-43.
21. Carroll, Glenn R., and Michael T. Hannan. 1995. "Resource Partitioning." Pp. 215-21 in Organizations in Industry: Strategy, Structure and Selection, edited by Glenn R. Carroll and Michael T. Hannan. New York: Oxford University Press.
22. _. 2000. The Demography of Corporations and Industries. Princeton N.J.: Princeton University Press.
23. Carroll, Glenn R., and Anand Swaminathan. 1992. "The Organizational Ecology of Strategic Groups in the American Beer Brewing Industry from 1975 to 1990." Industrial and Corporate Change 1:65-97.
24. _. 1993. "On Theory, Breweries and Strategic Groups." Industrial and Corporate Change 2:99-106.
25. Cattani, Frances W. 1988. Interview conducted by Dennis Ray Wheaton at the Fifth Annual National Microbrewers Conference, Chicago.
26. Cottone, Vince. 1995. "Virtually All You Need to Know about Contract Brewing." Pint Post (Summer): 11.
27. Dobrev, Stanislav D. 1997. The Dynamics of the Bulgarian Newspaper Industry in a Period of Transition. Doctoral thesis. Stanford University, Department of Sociology.
28. _. 2000. "Decreasing Concentration and Reversibility of the Resource Partitioning Model: Supply Shortages and Deregulation in the Bulgarian Newspaper Industry, 1987-1992." Organization Studies 21:383-404.
29. Dobrev, Stanislav D., and Glenn R. Carroll. 2000. "Size (and Competition) among Organizations: Modeling Scale-based Selection among Automobile Producers in Four Major Countries, 1885-1981." Paper presented at the Academy of Management Meetings, Toronto, August.
30. Dobrev, Stanislav D., T. Kim, and M. T. Hannan. 2001. "Dynamics of Niche Width and Resource Partitioning." American Journal of Sociology 106 (5), in press.
31. Dorsch, Jim, and Greg Kitsock. 1999. "Redhook's Shipman Gets Expansive in D.C." Celebrator Beer News 12 (April/May): 45, 49.
32. Eckhardt, Fred. 1995. "A Beginner's Guide to Craft Beer (part 2)." All about Beer 15 (January): 35-37.
33. _. 1999a. "Dark Hours for American Beer." All about Beer 20 (September): 20, 74.
34. _. 1999b. "Putting the Oregon Back into Oregon Beer." Celebrator Beer News 12 (April/May): 20, 30.
35. Freeman, John, and Alessandro Lomi. 1994. "Resource Partitioning and Foundings of Banking Cooperatives in Italy." Pp. 269-93 in The Evolutionary Dynamics of Organizations, edited by Joel A. C. Baum and Jitendra Singh. New York: Oxford University Press.
36. Greene, William H. 1998. LIMDEP, ver. 7.0. User's Manual, rev. ed. Bellport, N.Y.: Econometric Software.
37. _. 2000. Econometric Analysis, 4th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.
38. Hannan, Michael T., and Glenn R. Carroll. 1992. Dynamics of Organizational Populations. New York: Oxford University Press.
39. Hannan, Michael T, Glenn R. Carroll, Stanislav Dobrev, and Jan Hoon. 1998a. "Organizational Mortality in European and American Automobile Industries, Part I: Revisiting the Effects of Age and Size." European Sociological Review 14:279-302.
40. _. 1998b. "Organizational Mortality in European and American Automobile Industries, Part II: Coupled Clocks." European Sociological Review 14:303-13.
41. Hannan, Michael T, and James Ranger-Moore. 1990. "The Ecology of Organizational Size Distributions: A Microsimulation." Journal of Mathematical Sociology 15:67-90.
42. Hieronymus, Stan. 1997. "Macros and Their Micros." All about Beer 18 (September): 22-25.
43. Hieronymous, Stan, and Daria Labinsky. 1998. "The Class of '88." All about Beer 19 (March): 14-17, 75-76.
44. Inglehart, Ronald. 1997. Modernization and Postmodernization: Cultural, Economic and Political Change in Forty-three Societies. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
45. Institute for Brewing Studies. 1996. Industry Revealed, 1995-96. Boulder, Colo.: Institute for Brewing Studies.
46. _. 1997. "United States Exceeds German Brewery Count." Press release, September 26. Boulder, Colo.: Institute for Brewing Studies.
47. _. 1998. Craft Brewing Industry Fact Sheet. Boulder, Colo.: Institute for Brewing Studies.
48. _. 1999. North American Brewery List. Boulder, Colo.: Institute for Brewing Studies.
49. _. Various years. Microbrewery Resource Handbook. Boulder, Colo.: Institute for Brewing Studies.
50. Jackson, Michael. 1996. The Simon and Schuster Pocket Guide to Beer. New York: Simon & Schuster.
51. _. 1999. "20 Percent Market Share for Craft Beer? Jackson's Bullish on American Market." New Brewer 16 (November/December): 50-52.
52. Jacoby, J., J. C. Olson, and R. A. Haddock. 1971. "Price, Brand Name and Product Composition Characteristics as Determinants of Perceived Quality." Journal of Applied Psychology 55:570-79.
53. Jaffee, Jonathan. 2000. "The Resource Partitioning of a Corporate Legal Market: The Proliferation of Specialist Law Firms in Silicon Valley, 1966-1997." Paper presented at the American Sociological Association meetings, Washington, D.C., August.
54. Jones, Kelly. 1997. "Why I Can't Buy Megabrewed Ales." Celebrator Beer News (August/September): 6.
55. Kay, John. 1995. Why Firms Succeed. New York: Oxford University Press.
56. Kenny, Jack. 1995. "Macro Micros: Back to School." All about Beer 16 (November): 12-14, 42, 49.
57. Kitsock, Greg. 1999. "Stroh Deal Highlights the Plight of Medium-Sized Breweries." New Brewer 16 (May/June): 65-67.
58. Lopes, Paul D. 1992. "Innovation and Diversity in the Popular Music Industry, 1969 to 1990." American Sociological Review 57:56-71.
59. Maytag, Fritz. 1996. "Fritz Maytag: Anchor Brewing Co." New Brewer (May-June): 22.
60. Melcher, Richard A. 1995. "From the Microbrewers Who Brought You Bud, Coors . . . " Business Week (April 24): 66-67.
61. Mezias, John M., and Stephen J. Mezias. 2000. "Resource Partitioning, the Founding of Specialist Firms, and Innovation: The American Feature Film Industry, 1912-29." Organization Science, in press.
62. Mitchell, Will. 1995. "Medical Diagnostic Imaging Manufacturers." Pp. 244-72 in Organizations in Industry: Strategy, Structure and Selection, edited by Glenn R. Carroll and Michael T. Hannan. New York: Oxford University Press.
63. Modern Brewery Age. Various years. Modern Brewery Age Bluebook. Norwalk, Conn.: Modern Brewery Age.
64. New Brewer. 1997. Letter to the editor. New Brewer (July-August): 7.
65. Ono, Yumiko. 1996. "Who Really Makes That Cute Little Beer? You'd Be Surprised." Wall Street Journal April 15, p. 1, A6.
66. Padgett, John F., and Christopher K. Ansell. 1993. "Robust Action and the Rise of the Medici, 1400-1434." American Journal of Sociology 98:1259-319.
67. Papazian, Charles. 1998. "Cheap Beer Is . . . Cheap Beer. Or Is It?" New Brewer 15 (July/August): 9.
68. Park, Douglas Y, and Joel M. Podolny. 2000. "The Competitive Dynamics of Status and Niche Width: U.S. Investment Banking, 1920-50." Industrial and Corporate Change 9:377-414.
69. Péli, Gabor, and Bart Nooteboom. 1999. "Market Partitioning and the Geometry of the Resource Space. "American Journal of Sociology 104:1132-53.
70. Perrow, Charles. 1986. Complex Organizations: A Critical Essay, 3d ed. New York: Random House.
71. Peterson, Richard A. 1997. Creating Country Music: Fabricating Authenticity. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
72. Peterson, Richard A., and David G. Berger. 1975. "Cycles in Symbol Production: The Case of Popular Music." American Sociological Review 40:158-73.
73. _. 1996. "Measuring Industry Concentration, Diversity, and Innovation in Popular Music." American Sociological Review 61:175-78.
74. Pint Post. 1995. "Anheuser Busch Brews Hefeweizen." Pint Post (Spring): 7.
75. Pólos, László, Michael T. Hannan, and Glenn R. Carroll. 1999. "Identities, Forms and Populations." Manuscript. Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University.
76. _. 2000. "Foundations of Social Forms." Manuscript. Erasmus University, Rotterdam School of Management.
77. Pólos, László, Michael T. Hannan, Gabor Péli, and Glenn R. Carroll. 1998. "Forms and Identities: On the Structure of Organizational Forms." Paper presented at the Fourteenth Meeting of the European Group of Organization Studies, Maastricht, July.
78. Porter, Michael E. 1980. Competitive Strategy. New York: Free Press.
79. Powell, Walter. 1985. Getting into Print. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
80. San Francisco Weekly. 1997. Untitled advertisement for Pacific Ridge Pale Ale. San Francisco Weekly, May 21-27, p. 7.
81. Seidel, Marc-David. 1997. "Competitive Realignment in the Airline Industry: A Dynamic Analysis of Generalist and Specialist Organizations under Different Network Structures." Doctoral thesis. University of California, Berkeley, Hass School of Business.
82. Shellenberger, Diana. 1996. "Micros Who Turn Contract: Smart Businesses or Cop Out?" New Brewer 13 (November-December): 24-30.
83. Shipman, Paul. 1997. "Looking to the Future." New Brewer 14 (July-August): 49-53.
84. Simpson, Bill. 1996. "A Beer by Any Name Is Not the Same." New Brewer 13 (November-December): 33-35.
85. Stark, David. 1996. "Recombinant Property in East European Capitalism."American Journal of Sociology 101:993-1027.
86. Steele, Mitch. 1997. "Specialty Beer - Big Brewer: Brewing Specialty Beers at Anheuser Busch Breweries." New Brewer (September/October): 44-48.
87. Swaminathan, Anand. 1995. "The Proliferation of Specialist Organizations in the American Wine Industry, 1941-1990." Administrative Science Quarterly 40:653-80.
88. _. 1998. "The Impact of Resource Partitioning and Mobility Barriers on the Evolution of Specialist Organizations in the American Wine Industry." Paper presented at the Stanford Conference on Strategic Management, Stanford, Calif., February.
89. _. 2000. "Resource Partitioning and the Evolution of Specialist Organizations: The Role of Location and Identity in the U.S. Wine Industry." Working paper.
90. University of California, Davis, Graduate School of Management. Swaminathan, Anand, and James B. Wade. 2001. "Social Movement Theory and the Evolution of New Organizational Forms." In The Entrepreneurship Dynamic in Industry Evolution, edited by C. B. Schoonhoven and E. Romanelli. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, in press.
91. Torres, John Charles. 1995. "The Dynamics of the UK Motor Industry: An Ecological Analysis." Doctoral thesis. Stanford University, Department of Sociology.
92. Tremblay, Victor J., and Carol H. Tremblay. 1988. "The Determinants of Horizontal Acquisitions: Evidence from the U.S. Brewing Industry-" Journal of Industrial Economics 37:21-46.
93. U.S. Brewers Association. Various years. Brewers Almanac Washington, D.C.: U.S. Brewers Association.
94. U.S. Department of Commerce. Various years. Regional Accounts Data: State Personal Income, http://www.bea.doc.gov/bea/regional/spi/index.html
95. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1999. Economic Report of the President. http://w3.access.gpo.gov/eop/index.html
96. Van Munching, Philip. 1997. Beer Blast: The Inside Stories of the Brewing Industry's Bizarre Battles for Your Money. New York: Random House.
97. Wade, James B. 1996. "A Community-Level Analysis of Sources and Rates of Technological Variation in the Microprocessor Market." Academy of Management Journal 5:1218-44.
98. Zuckerman, Ezra W. 1999. "The Categorical Imperative: Securities Analysts and the Illegitimacy Discount." American Journal of Sociology 104:1398-438.
99. Zuckerman, Ezra W., and Tai-Young Kim. 2000. "The Critical Trade-Off: Identity Assignment and Box-Office Success in the Feature Film Industry." Manuscript. Stanford University, Graduate School of Business.