Just do it! Globalization for diplomatic historians

Diplomatic History

Volumn 25, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 529-551

  Zeiler, Thomas W ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0040188072     PISSN: 01452096     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/0145-2096.00286     Document Type: Article

References (152)

1. Thomas Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree (New York, 1999); Francis Fukuyama, "The End of History?" The National Interest 16 (Summer 1989): 3-18 ; John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge, A Future Perfect: The Challenge and the Hidden Promise of Globalization (New York, 2000); David Landes, The Commanding Heights: The Battle between Government and the Marketplace That Is Remaking the Modern World (New York, 1998); Anthony Giddens, Runaway World: How Globalization is Reshaping Our Lives (New York, 2000); G. Pascal Zachary, The Global Me: New Cosmopolitans and the Competitive Edge: Picking Globalism's Winners and Losers (New York, 2000); Robert Gilpin, The Challenge of Global Capitalism: The World Economy in the 21st Century (Princeton, 2000); Robert Went, Globalization: Neoliberal Challenge, Radical Responses (London, 2000); Dean Baker, Gerald A. Epstein, and Robert Pollin, Globalization and Progressive Economic Policy (Cambridge, 1999); Aseem Prakash and Jeffrey A. Hart, ed., Responding to Globalization (London, 2000).
2. Thomas Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree (New York, 1999); Francis Fukuyama, "The End of History?" The National Interest 16 (Summer 1989): 3-18 ; John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge, A Future Perfect: The Challenge and the Hidden Promise of Globalization (New York, 2000); David Landes, The Commanding Heights: The Battle between Government and the Marketplace That Is Remaking the Modern World (New York, 1998); Anthony Giddens, Runaway World: How Globalization is Reshaping Our Lives (New York, 2000); G. Pascal Zachary, The Global Me: New Cosmopolitans and the Competitive Edge: Picking Globalism's Winners and Losers (New York, 2000); Robert Gilpin, The Challenge of Global Capitalism: The World Economy in the 21st Century (Princeton, 2000); Robert Went, Globalization: Neoliberal Challenge, Radical Responses (London, 2000); Dean Baker, Gerald A. Epstein, and Robert Pollin, Globalization and Progressive Economic Policy (Cambridge, 1999); Aseem Prakash and Jeffrey A. Hart, ed., Responding to Globalization (London, 2000).
3. Thomas Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree (New York, 1999); Francis Fukuyama, "The End of History?" The National Interest 16 (Summer 1989): 3-18 ; John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge, A Future Perfect: The Challenge and the Hidden Promise of Globalization (New York, 2000); David Landes, The Commanding Heights: The Battle between Government and the Marketplace That Is Remaking the Modern World (New York, 1998); Anthony Giddens, Runaway World: How Globalization is Reshaping Our Lives (New York, 2000); G. Pascal Zachary, The Global Me: New Cosmopolitans and the Competitive Edge: Picking Globalism's Winners and Losers (New York, 2000); Robert Gilpin, The Challenge of Global Capitalism: The World Economy in the 21st Century (Princeton, 2000); Robert Went, Globalization: Neoliberal Challenge, Radical Responses (London, 2000); Dean Baker, Gerald A. Epstein, and Robert Pollin, Globalization and Progressive Economic Policy (Cambridge, 1999); Aseem Prakash and Jeffrey A. Hart, ed., Responding to Globalization (London, 2000).
4. Thomas Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree (New York, 1999); Francis Fukuyama, "The End of History?" The National Interest 16 (Summer 1989): 3-18 ; John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge, A Future Perfect: The Challenge and the Hidden Promise of Globalization (New York, 2000); David Landes, The Commanding Heights: The Battle between Government and the Marketplace That Is Remaking the Modern World (New York, 1998); Anthony Giddens, Runaway World: How Globalization is Reshaping Our Lives (New York, 2000); G. Pascal Zachary, The Global Me: New Cosmopolitans and the Competitive Edge: Picking Globalism's Winners and Losers (New York, 2000); Robert Gilpin, The Challenge of Global Capitalism: The World Economy in the 21st Century (Princeton, 2000); Robert Went, Globalization: Neoliberal Challenge, Radical Responses (London, 2000); Dean Baker, Gerald A. Epstein, and Robert Pollin, Globalization and Progressive Economic Policy (Cambridge, 1999); Aseem Prakash and Jeffrey A. Hart, ed., Responding to Globalization (London, 2000).
5. Thomas Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree (New York, 1999); Francis Fukuyama, "The End of History?" The National Interest 16 (Summer 1989): 3-18 ; John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge, A Future Perfect: The Challenge and the Hidden Promise of Globalization (New York, 2000); David Landes, The Commanding Heights: The Battle between Government and the Marketplace That Is Remaking the Modern World (New York, 1998); Anthony Giddens, Runaway World: How Globalization is Reshaping Our Lives (New York, 2000); G. Pascal Zachary, The Global Me: New Cosmopolitans and the Competitive Edge: Picking Globalism's Winners and Losers (New York, 2000); Robert Gilpin, The Challenge of Global Capitalism: The World Economy in the 21st Century (Princeton, 2000); Robert Went, Globalization: Neoliberal Challenge, Radical Responses (London, 2000); Dean Baker, Gerald A. Epstein, and Robert Pollin, Globalization and Progressive Economic Policy (Cambridge, 1999); Aseem Prakash and Jeffrey A. Hart, ed., Responding to Globalization (London, 2000).
6. Thomas Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree (New York, 1999); Francis Fukuyama, "The End of History?" The National Interest 16 (Summer 1989): 3-18 ; John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge, A Future Perfect: The Challenge and the Hidden Promise of Globalization (New York, 2000); David Landes, The Commanding Heights: The Battle between Government and the Marketplace That Is Remaking the Modern World (New York, 1998); Anthony Giddens, Runaway World: How Globalization is Reshaping Our Lives (New York, 2000); G. Pascal Zachary, The Global Me: New Cosmopolitans and the Competitive Edge: Picking Globalism's Winners and Losers (New York, 2000); Robert Gilpin, The Challenge of Global Capitalism: The World Economy in the 21st Century (Princeton, 2000); Robert Went, Globalization: Neoliberal Challenge, Radical Responses (London, 2000); Dean Baker, Gerald A. Epstein, and Robert Pollin, Globalization and Progressive Economic Policy (Cambridge, 1999); Aseem Prakash and Jeffrey A. Hart, ed., Responding to Globalization (London, 2000).
7. Thomas Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree (New York, 1999); Francis Fukuyama, "The End of History?" The National Interest 16 (Summer 1989): 3-18 ; John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge, A Future Perfect: The Challenge and the Hidden Promise of Globalization (New York, 2000); David Landes, The Commanding Heights: The Battle between Government and the Marketplace That Is Remaking the Modern World (New York, 1998); Anthony Giddens, Runaway World: How Globalization is Reshaping Our Lives (New York, 2000); G. Pascal Zachary, The Global Me: New Cosmopolitans and the Competitive Edge: Picking Globalism's Winners and Losers (New York, 2000); Robert Gilpin, The Challenge of Global Capitalism: The World Economy in the 21st Century (Princeton, 2000); Robert Went, Globalization: Neoliberal Challenge, Radical Responses (London, 2000); Dean Baker, Gerald A. Epstein, and Robert Pollin, Globalization and Progressive Economic Policy (Cambridge, 1999); Aseem Prakash and Jeffrey A. Hart, ed., Responding to Globalization (London, 2000).
8. Thomas Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree (New York, 1999); Francis Fukuyama, "The End of History?" The National Interest 16 (Summer 1989): 3-18 ; John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge, A Future Perfect: The Challenge and the Hidden Promise of Globalization (New York, 2000); David Landes, The Commanding Heights: The Battle between Government and the Marketplace That Is Remaking the Modern World (New York, 1998); Anthony Giddens, Runaway World: How Globalization is Reshaping Our Lives (New York, 2000); G. Pascal Zachary, The Global Me: New Cosmopolitans and the Competitive Edge: Picking Globalism's Winners and Losers (New York, 2000); Robert Gilpin, The Challenge of Global Capitalism: The World Economy in the 21st Century (Princeton, 2000); Robert Went, Globalization: Neoliberal Challenge, Radical Responses (London, 2000); Dean Baker, Gerald A. Epstein, and Robert Pollin, Globalization and Progressive Economic Policy (Cambridge, 1999); Aseem Prakash and Jeffrey A. Hart, ed., Responding to Globalization (London, 2000).
9. Thomas Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree (New York, 1999); Francis Fukuyama, "The End of History?" The National Interest 16 (Summer 1989): 3-18 ; John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge, A Future Perfect: The Challenge and the Hidden Promise of Globalization (New York, 2000); David Landes, The Commanding Heights: The Battle between Government and the Marketplace That Is Remaking the Modern World (New York, 1998); Anthony Giddens, Runaway World: How Globalization is Reshaping Our Lives (New York, 2000); G. Pascal Zachary, The Global Me: New Cosmopolitans and the Competitive Edge: Picking Globalism's Winners and Losers (New York, 2000); Robert Gilpin, The Challenge of Global Capitalism: The World Economy in the 21st Century (Princeton, 2000); Robert Went, Globalization: Neoliberal Challenge, Radical Responses (London, 2000); Dean Baker, Gerald A. Epstein, and Robert Pollin, Globalization and Progressive Economic Policy (Cambridge, 1999); Aseem Prakash and Jeffrey A. Hart, ed., Responding to Globalization (London, 2000).
10. Thomas Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree (New York, 1999); Francis Fukuyama, "The End of History?" The National Interest 16 (Summer 1989): 3-18 ; John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge, A Future Perfect: The Challenge and the Hidden Promise of Globalization (New York, 2000); David Landes, The Commanding Heights: The Battle between Government and the Marketplace That Is Remaking the Modern World (New York, 1998); Anthony Giddens, Runaway World: How Globalization is Reshaping Our Lives (New York, 2000); G. Pascal Zachary, The Global Me: New Cosmopolitans and the Competitive Edge: Picking Globalism's Winners and Losers (New York, 2000); Robert Gilpin, The Challenge of Global Capitalism: The World Economy in the 21st Century (Princeton, 2000); Robert Went, Globalization: Neoliberal Challenge, Radical Responses (London, 2000); Dean Baker, Gerald A. Epstein, and Robert Pollin, Globalization and Progressive Economic Policy (Cambridge, 1999); Aseem Prakash and Jeffrey A. Hart, ed., Responding to Globalization (London, 2000).
11. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
12. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
13. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
14. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
15. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
16. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
17. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
18. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
19. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
20. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
21. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
22. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
23. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
24. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
25. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
26. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
27. John Gray, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism ((London, 1998); Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism (New York, 1999); William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York, 1998); Benjamin R. Barber, Jihad vs. MacWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Reshaping the World (New York, 1995); Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, 1997); Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York, 1996); George Soros, The Open Society: The Crisis of Global Capitalism Reconsidered (New York, 1998); Sarah Anderson and John Kavanagh, with Thea Lea, Field Guide to the Global Economy (New York, 2000); Michael Edwards, Future Positive: International Cooperation in the 21st Century (London, 2000); William M. Adler, Mollies Job: A Story of Life and Work on the Global Assembly Line (New York, 2000); David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture (Cambridge, 1999); James H. Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance (Princeton, 2000); Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., "Backlash Against Globalization?" Global Economy Quarterly I (April-June 2000): 117-36; Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York, 1998); Zygmunt Bauman, Globalization: Its Human Consequences (New York, 1998); John Eatwell and Lance Taylor, Global Finance at Risk: The Case for International Regulation (New York, 2000).
28. Eric Foner, "Presidential Address: American Freedom in a Global Age," American Historical Review 106 (February 2001): 3-6.
29. David Harvey, The Condition of Postmodernity (Oxford, 1990), 299. See also Robert O. Keohane and Helen V. Milner, Internationalization and Domestic Politics (Cambridge, 1996). For the importance of technology to diplomacy see Walter LaFeber, "Technology and U.S. Foreign Relations," Diplomatic History 24 (Winter 2000): 1-19. For international NGO see John Boli and George M. Thomas, Constructing World Culture: International Nongovernmental Organizations since 1875 (Stanford, 1999).
30. David Harvey, The Condition of Postmodernity (Oxford, 1990), 299. See also Robert O. Keohane and Helen V. Milner, Internationalization and Domestic Politics (Cambridge, 1996). For the importance of technology to diplomacy see Walter LaFeber, "Technology and U.S. Foreign Relations," Diplomatic History 24 (Winter 2000): 1-19. For international NGO see John Boli and George M. Thomas, Constructing World Culture: International Nongovernmental Organizations since 1875 (Stanford, 1999).
31. David Harvey, The Condition of Postmodernity (Oxford, 1990), 299. See also Robert O. Keohane and Helen V. Milner, Internationalization and Domestic Politics (Cambridge, 1996). For the importance of technology to diplomacy see Walter LaFeber, "Technology and U.S. Foreign Relations," Diplomatic History 24 (Winter 2000): 1-19. For international NGO see John Boli and George M. Thomas, Constructing World Culture: International Nongovernmental Organizations since 1875 (Stanford, 1999).
32. David Harvey, The Condition of Postmodernity (Oxford, 1990), 299. See also Robert O. Keohane and Helen V. Milner, Internationalization and Domestic Politics (Cambridge, 1996). For the importance of technology to diplomacy see Walter LaFeber, "Technology and U.S. Foreign Relations," Diplomatic History 24 (Winter 2000): 1-19. For international NGO see John Boli and George M. Thomas, Constructing World Culture: International Nongovernmental Organizations since 1875 (Stanford, 1999).
33. See for instance, Kevin H. O'Rourke and Jeffrey G. Williamson, Globalization and History: The Evolution of a Nineteenth-Century Atlantic Economy (Cambridge, MA, 1999). See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 18, Went, Globalization, 64-84; and Foner "American Freedom," 2.
34. See for instance, Kevin H. O'Rourke and Jeffrey G. Williamson, Globalization and History: The Evolution of a Nineteenth-Century Atlantic Economy (Cambridge, MA, 1999). See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 18, Went, Globalization, 64-84; and Foner "American Freedom," 2.
35. See for instance, Kevin H. O'Rourke and Jeffrey G. Williamson, Globalization and History: The Evolution of a Nineteenth-Century Atlantic Economy (Cambridge, MA, 1999). See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 18, Went, Globalization, 64-84; and Foner "American Freedom," 2.
36. See for instance, Kevin H. O'Rourke and Jeffrey G. Williamson, Globalization and History: The Evolution of a Nineteenth-Century Atlantic Economy (Cambridge, MA, 1999). See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 18, Went, Globalization, 64-84; and Foner "American Freedom," 2.
37. For a good starting point on cultural aspects of globalization see Fredrick Jameson and Masao Miyashi, eds., The Cultures of Globalization (Durham, 1999).
38. Robert Cox "Structural Issues of Global Governance: The Implications for Europe," in A New Europe in the Global System, ed. Richard Falk and Tamas Szentes (Tokyo, 1997), 56-57; Steve Chan and James R. Scarritt, "Globalization, Soft Hegemony, and Democratization: Their Sources and Effects," in Coping with Globalization: Cross-National Patterns in Domestic Governance and Policy Performance, ed. Chan and Scarritt (London, 2001), 2-3; David Held, Anthony G. McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture (Stanford, 1999); Ulrich Beck, What is Globalization? (London, 2000). Thanks to Al Eckes and Steve Chan for clarifying the definition. See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 5-6. For a useful summary of globalization, including its noneconomic impact, see United Nations Economic and Social Council J. Oloka-Onyango and Deepika Udagama, "The Realization of Economic, Social and Cultura Rights: Globalization and Its Impact on the Full Enjoyment of Human Rights," Preliminary Report, 15 June 2000; and Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, eds., The Globalization Reader (Malden, 2000). For the role of the state, and politics see Robert J. Holton Globalization and the Nation-State (London, 1998); Martin Albrow, The Global Age: State and Society beyond Modernity (Stanford 1997); Jerry Everard, Virtual States: The Internet and the Boundaries of the Nation-State London, 1999); and Niall Ferguson, The Cash Nexus: Money and Power in the Modern World, 1700-2000 New York 2001); Mark Rupert, Ideologies of Globalization: Contending Visions of a New World Order (London, 2000); Johannes Dragsback Schmidt and Jacques Hersh, eds., Globalization and Social Change (London, 2000).
39. Robert Cox "Structural Issues of Global Governance: The Implications for Europe," in A New Europe in the Global System, ed. Richard Falk and Tamas Szentes (Tokyo, 1997), 56-57; Steve Chan and James R. Scarritt, "Globalization, Soft Hegemony, and Democratization: Their Sources and Effects," in Coping with Globalization: Cross-National Patterns in Domestic Governance and Policy Performance, ed. Chan and Scarritt (London, 2001), 2-3; David Held, Anthony G. McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture (Stanford, 1999); Ulrich Beck, What is Globalization? (London, 2000). Thanks to Al Eckes and Steve Chan for clarifying the definition. See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 5-6. For a useful summary of globalization, including its noneconomic impact, see United Nations Economic and Social Council J. Oloka-Onyango and Deepika Udagama, "The Realization of Economic, Social and Cultura Rights: Globalization and Its Impact on the Full Enjoyment of Human Rights," Preliminary Report, 15 June 2000; and Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, eds., The Globalization Reader (Malden, 2000). For the role of the state, and politics see Robert J. Holton Globalization and the Nation-State (London, 1998); Martin Albrow, The Global Age: State and Society beyond Modernity (Stanford 1997); Jerry Everard, Virtual States: The Internet and the Boundaries of the Nation-State London, 1999); and Niall Ferguson, The Cash Nexus: Money and Power in the Modern World, 1700-2000 New York 2001); Mark Rupert, Ideologies of Globalization: Contending Visions of a New World Order (London, 2000); Johannes Dragsback Schmidt and Jacques Hersh, eds., Globalization and Social Change (London, 2000).
40. Robert Cox "Structural Issues of Global Governance: The Implications for Europe," in A New Europe in the Global System, ed. Richard Falk and Tamas Szentes (Tokyo, 1997), 56-57; Steve Chan and James R. Scarritt, "Globalization, Soft Hegemony, and Democratization: Their Sources and Effects," in Coping with Globalization: Cross-National Patterns in Domestic Governance and Policy Performance, ed. Chan and Scarritt (London, 2001), 2-3; David Held, Anthony G. McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture (Stanford, 1999); Ulrich Beck, What is Globalization? (London, 2000). Thanks to Al Eckes and Steve Chan for clarifying the definition. See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 5-6. For a useful summary of globalization, including its noneconomic impact, see United Nations Economic and Social Council J. Oloka-Onyango and Deepika Udagama, "The Realization of Economic, Social and Cultura Rights: Globalization and Its Impact on the Full Enjoyment of Human Rights," Preliminary Report, 15 June 2000; and Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, eds., The Globalization Reader (Malden, 2000). For the role of the state, and politics see Robert J. Holton Globalization and the Nation-State (London, 1998); Martin Albrow, The Global Age: State and Society beyond Modernity (Stanford 1997); Jerry Everard, Virtual States: The Internet and the Boundaries of the Nation-State London, 1999); and Niall Ferguson, The Cash Nexus: Money and Power in the Modern World, 1700-2000 New York 2001); Mark Rupert, Ideologies of Globalization: Contending Visions of a New World Order (London, 2000); Johannes Dragsback Schmidt and Jacques Hersh, eds., Globalization and Social Change (London, 2000).
41. Robert Cox "Structural Issues of Global Governance: The Implications for Europe," in A New Europe in the Global System, ed. Richard Falk and Tamas Szentes (Tokyo, 1997), 56-57; Steve Chan and James R. Scarritt, "Globalization, Soft Hegemony, and Democratization: Their Sources and Effects," in Coping with Globalization: Cross-National Patterns in Domestic Governance and Policy Performance, ed. Chan and Scarritt (London, 2001), 2-3; David Held, Anthony G. McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture (Stanford, 1999); Ulrich Beck, What is Globalization? (London, 2000). Thanks to Al Eckes and Steve Chan for clarifying the definition. See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 5-6. For a useful summary of globalization, including its noneconomic impact, see United Nations Economic and Social Council J. Oloka-Onyango and Deepika Udagama, "The Realization of Economic, Social and Cultura Rights: Globalization and Its Impact on the Full Enjoyment of Human Rights," Preliminary Report, 15 June 2000; and Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, eds., The Globalization Reader (Malden, 2000). For the role of the state, and politics see Robert J. Holton Globalization and the Nation-State (London, 1998); Martin Albrow, The Global Age: State and Society beyond Modernity (Stanford 1997); Jerry Everard, Virtual States: The Internet and the Boundaries of the Nation-State London, 1999); and Niall Ferguson, The Cash Nexus: Money and Power in the Modern World, 1700-2000 New York 2001); Mark Rupert, Ideologies of Globalization: Contending Visions of a New World Order (London, 2000); Johannes Dragsback Schmidt and Jacques Hersh, eds., Globalization and Social Change (London, 2000).
42. Robert Cox "Structural Issues of Global Governance: The Implications for Europe," in A New Europe in the Global System, ed. Richard Falk and Tamas Szentes (Tokyo, 1997), 56-57; Steve Chan and James R. Scarritt, "Globalization, Soft Hegemony, and Democratization: Their Sources and Effects," in Coping with Globalization: Cross-National Patterns in Domestic Governance and Policy Performance, ed. Chan and Scarritt (London, 2001), 2-3; David Held, Anthony G. McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture (Stanford, 1999); Ulrich Beck, What is Globalization? (London, 2000). Thanks to Al Eckes and Steve Chan for clarifying the definition. See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 5-6. For a useful summary of globalization, including its noneconomic impact, see United Nations Economic and Social Council J. Oloka-Onyango and Deepika Udagama, "The Realization of Economic, Social and Cultura Rights: Globalization and Its Impact on the Full Enjoyment of Human Rights," Preliminary Report, 15 June 2000; and Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, eds., The Globalization Reader (Malden, 2000). For the role of the state, and politics see Robert J. Holton Globalization and the Nation-State (London, 1998); Martin Albrow, The Global Age: State and Society beyond Modernity (Stanford 1997); Jerry Everard, Virtual States: The Internet and the Boundaries of the Nation-State London, 1999); and Niall Ferguson, The Cash Nexus: Money and Power in the Modern World, 1700-2000 New York 2001); Mark Rupert, Ideologies of Globalization: Contending Visions of a New World Order (London, 2000); Johannes Dragsback Schmidt and Jacques Hersh, eds., Globalization and Social Change (London, 2000).
43. Robert Cox "Structural Issues of Global Governance: The Implications for Europe," in A New Europe in the Global System, ed. Richard Falk and Tamas Szentes (Tokyo, 1997), 56-57; Steve Chan and James R. Scarritt, "Globalization, Soft Hegemony, and Democratization: Their Sources and Effects," in Coping with Globalization: Cross-National Patterns in Domestic Governance and Policy Performance, ed. Chan and Scarritt (London, 2001), 2-3; David Held, Anthony G. McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture (Stanford, 1999); Ulrich Beck, What is Globalization? (London, 2000). Thanks to Al Eckes and Steve Chan for clarifying the definition. See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 5-6. For a useful summary of globalization, including its noneconomic impact, see United Nations Economic and Social Council J. Oloka-Onyango and Deepika Udagama, "The Realization of Economic, Social and Cultura Rights: Globalization and Its Impact on the Full Enjoyment of Human Rights," Preliminary Report, 15 June 2000; and Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, eds., The Globalization Reader (Malden, 2000). For the role of the state, and politics see Robert J. Holton Globalization and the Nation-State (London, 1998); Martin Albrow, The Global Age: State and Society beyond Modernity (Stanford 1997); Jerry Everard, Virtual States: The Internet and the Boundaries of the Nation-State London, 1999); and Niall Ferguson, The Cash Nexus: Money and Power in the Modern World, 1700-2000 New York 2001); Mark Rupert, Ideologies of Globalization: Contending Visions of a New World Order (London, 2000); Johannes Dragsback Schmidt and Jacques Hersh, eds., Globalization and Social Change (London, 2000).
44. Robert Cox "Structural Issues of Global Governance: The Implications for Europe," in A New Europe in the Global System, ed. Richard Falk and Tamas Szentes (Tokyo, 1997), 56-57; Steve Chan and James R. Scarritt, "Globalization, Soft Hegemony, and Democratization: Their Sources and Effects," in Coping with Globalization: Cross-National Patterns in Domestic Governance and Policy Performance, ed. Chan and Scarritt (London, 2001), 2-3; David Held, Anthony G. McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture (Stanford, 1999); Ulrich Beck, What is Globalization? (London, 2000). Thanks to Al Eckes and Steve Chan for clarifying the definition. See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 5-6. For a useful summary of globalization, including its noneconomic impact, see United Nations Economic and Social Council J. Oloka-Onyango and Deepika Udagama, "The Realization of Economic, Social and Cultura Rights: Globalization and Its Impact on the Full Enjoyment of Human Rights," Preliminary Report, 15 June 2000; and Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, eds., The Globalization Reader (Malden, 2000). For the role of the state, and politics see Robert J. Holton Globalization and the Nation-State (London, 1998); Martin Albrow, The Global Age: State and Society beyond Modernity (Stanford 1997); Jerry Everard, Virtual States: The Internet and the Boundaries of the Nation-State London, 1999); and Niall Ferguson, The Cash Nexus: Money and Power in the Modern World, 1700-2000 New York 2001); Mark Rupert, Ideologies of Globalization: Contending Visions of a New World Order (London, 2000); Johannes Dragsback Schmidt and Jacques Hersh, eds., Globalization and Social Change (London, 2000).
45. Robert Cox "Structural Issues of Global Governance: The Implications for Europe," in A New Europe in the Global System, ed. Richard Falk and Tamas Szentes (Tokyo, 1997), 56-57; Steve Chan and James R. Scarritt, "Globalization, Soft Hegemony, and Democratization: Their Sources and Effects," in Coping with Globalization: Cross-National Patterns in Domestic Governance and Policy Performance, ed. Chan and Scarritt (London, 2001), 2-3; David Held, Anthony G. McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture (Stanford, 1999); Ulrich Beck, What is Globalization? (London, 2000). Thanks to Al Eckes and Steve Chan for clarifying the definition. See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 5-6. For a useful summary of globalization, including its noneconomic impact, see United Nations Economic and Social Council J. Oloka-Onyango and Deepika Udagama, "The Realization of Economic, Social and Cultura Rights: Globalization and Its Impact on the Full Enjoyment of Human Rights," Preliminary Report, 15 June 2000; and Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, eds., The Globalization Reader (Malden, 2000). For the role of the state, and politics see Robert J. Holton Globalization and the Nation-State (London, 1998); Martin Albrow, The Global Age: State and Society beyond Modernity (Stanford 1997); Jerry Everard, Virtual States: The Internet and the Boundaries of the Nation-State London, 1999); and Niall Ferguson, The Cash Nexus: Money and Power in the Modern World, 1700-2000 New York 2001); Mark Rupert, Ideologies of Globalization: Contending Visions of a New World Order (London, 2000); Johannes Dragsback Schmidt and Jacques Hersh, eds., Globalization and Social Change (London, 2000).
46. Robert Cox "Structural Issues of Global Governance: The Implications for Europe," in A New Europe in the Global System, ed. Richard Falk and Tamas Szentes (Tokyo, 1997), 56-57; Steve Chan and James R. Scarritt, "Globalization, Soft Hegemony, and Democratization: Their Sources and Effects," in Coping with Globalization: Cross-National Patterns in Domestic Governance and Policy Performance, ed. Chan and Scarritt (London, 2001), 2-3; David Held, Anthony G. McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture (Stanford, 1999); Ulrich Beck, What is Globalization? (London, 2000). Thanks to Al Eckes and Steve Chan for clarifying the definition. See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 5-6. For a useful summary of globalization, including its noneconomic impact, see United Nations Economic and Social Council J. Oloka-Onyango and Deepika Udagama, "The Realization of Economic, Social and Cultura Rights: Globalization and Its Impact on the Full Enjoyment of Human Rights," Preliminary Report, 15 June 2000; and Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, eds., The Globalization Reader (Malden, 2000). For the role of the state, and politics see Robert J. Holton Globalization and the Nation-State (London, 1998); Martin Albrow, The Global Age: State and Society beyond Modernity (Stanford 1997); Jerry Everard, Virtual States: The Internet and the Boundaries of the Nation-State London, 1999); and Niall Ferguson, The Cash Nexus: Money and Power in the Modern World, 1700-2000 New York 2001); Mark Rupert, Ideologies of Globalization: Contending Visions of a New World Order (London, 2000); Johannes Dragsback Schmidt and Jacques Hersh, eds., Globalization and Social Change (London, 2000).
47. Robert Cox "Structural Issues of Global Governance: The Implications for Europe," in A New Europe in the Global System, ed. Richard Falk and Tamas Szentes (Tokyo, 1997), 56-57; Steve Chan and James R. Scarritt, "Globalization, Soft Hegemony, and Democratization: Their Sources and Effects," in Coping with Globalization: Cross-National Patterns in Domestic Governance and Policy Performance, ed. Chan and Scarritt (London, 2001), 2-3; David Held, Anthony G. McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture (Stanford, 1999); Ulrich Beck, What is Globalization? (London, 2000). Thanks to Al Eckes and Steve Chan for clarifying the definition. See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 5-6. For a useful summary of globalization, including its noneconomic impact, see United Nations Economic and Social Council J. Oloka-Onyango and Deepika Udagama, "The Realization of Economic, Social and Cultura Rights: Globalization and Its Impact on the Full Enjoyment of Human Rights," Preliminary Report, 15 June 2000; and Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, eds., The Globalization Reader (Malden, 2000). For the role of the state, and politics see Robert J. Holton Globalization and the Nation-State (London, 1998); Martin Albrow, The Global Age: State and Society beyond Modernity (Stanford 1997); Jerry Everard, Virtual States: The Internet and the Boundaries of the Nation-State London, 1999); and Niall Ferguson, The Cash Nexus: Money and Power in the Modern World, 1700-2000 New York 2001); Mark Rupert, Ideologies of Globalization: Contending Visions of a New World Order (London, 2000); Johannes Dragsback Schmidt and Jacques Hersh, eds., Globalization and Social Change (London, 2000).
48. Robert Cox "Structural Issues of Global Governance: The Implications for Europe," in A New Europe in the Global System, ed. Richard Falk and Tamas Szentes (Tokyo, 1997), 56-57; Steve Chan and James R. Scarritt, "Globalization, Soft Hegemony, and Democratization: Their Sources and Effects," in Coping with Globalization: Cross-National Patterns in Domestic Governance and Policy Performance, ed. Chan and Scarritt (London, 2001), 2-3; David Held, Anthony G. McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture (Stanford, 1999); Ulrich Beck, What is Globalization? (London, 2000). Thanks to Al Eckes and Steve Chan for clarifying the definition. See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 5-6. For a useful summary of globalization, including its noneconomic impact, see United Nations Economic and Social Council J. Oloka-Onyango and Deepika Udagama, "The Realization of Economic, Social and Cultura Rights: Globalization and Its Impact on the Full Enjoyment of Human Rights," Preliminary Report, 15 June 2000; and Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, eds., The Globalization Reader (Malden, 2000). For the role of the state, and politics see Robert J. Holton Globalization and the Nation-State (London, 1998); Martin Albrow, The Global Age: State and Society beyond Modernity (Stanford 1997); Jerry Everard, Virtual States: The Internet and the Boundaries of the Nation-State London, 1999); and Niall Ferguson, The Cash Nexus: Money and Power in the Modern World, 1700-2000 New York 2001); Mark Rupert, Ideologies of Globalization: Contending Visions of a New World Order (London, 2000); Johannes Dragsback Schmidt and Jacques Hersh,
49. Robert Cox "Structural Issues of Global Governance: The Implications for Europe," in A New Europe in the Global System, ed. Richard Falk and Tamas Szentes (Tokyo, 1997), 56-57; Steve Chan and James R. Scarritt, "Globalization, Soft Hegemony, and Democratization: Their Sources and Effects," in Coping with Globalization: Cross-National Patterns in Domestic Governance and Policy Performance, ed. Chan and Scarritt (London, 2001), 2-3; David Held, Anthony G. McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture (Stanford, 1999); Ulrich Beck, What is Globalization? (London, 2000). Thanks to Al Eckes and Steve Chan for clarifying the definition. See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 5-6. For a useful summary of globalization, including its noneconomic impact, see United Nations Economic and Social Council J. Oloka-Onyango and Deepika Udagama, "The Realization of Economic, Social and Cultura Rights: Globalization and Its Impact on the Full Enjoyment of Human Rights," Preliminary Report, 15 June 2000; and Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, eds., The Globalization Reader (Malden, 2000). For the role of the state, and politics see Robert J. Holton Globalization and the Nation-State (London, 1998); Martin Albrow, The Global Age: State and Society beyond Modernity (Stanford 1997); Jerry Everard, Virtual States: The Internet and the Boundaries of the Nation-State London, 1999); and Niall Ferguson, The Cash Nexus: Money and Power in the Modern World, 1700-2000 New York 2001); Mark Rupert, Ideologies of Globalization: Contending Visions of a New World Order (London, 2000); Johannes Dragsback Schmidt and Jacques Hersh, eds., Globalization and Social Change (London, 2000).
50. Robert Cox "Structural Issues of Global Governance: The Implications for Europe," in A New Europe in the Global System, ed. Richard Falk and Tamas Szentes (Tokyo, 1997), 56-57; Steve Chan and James R. Scarritt, "Globalization, Soft Hegemony, and Democratization: Their Sources and Effects," in Coping with Globalization: Cross-National Patterns in Domestic Governance and Policy Performance, ed. Chan and Scarritt (London, 2001), 2-3; David Held, Anthony G. McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture (Stanford, 1999); Ulrich Beck, What is Globalization? (London, 2000). Thanks to Al Eckes and Steve Chan for clarifying the definition. See also Mittelman, The Globalization Syndrome, 5-6. For a useful summary of globalization, including its noneconomic impact, see United Nations Economic and Social Council J. Oloka-Onyango and Deepika Udagama, "The Realization of Economic, Social and Cultura Rights: Globalization and Its Impact on the Full Enjoyment of Human Rights," Preliminary Report, 15 June 2000; and Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, eds., The Globalization Reader (Malden, 2000). For the role of the state, and politics see Robert J. Holton Globalization and the Nation-State (London, 1998); Martin Albrow, The Global Age: State and Society beyond Modernity (Stanford 1997); Jerry Everard, Virtual States: The Internet and the Boundaries of the Nation-State London, 1999); and Niall Ferguson, The Cash Nexus: Money and Power in the Modern World, 1700-2000 New York 2001); Mark Rupert, Ideologies of Globalization: Contending Visions of a New World Order (London, 2000); Johannes Dragsback Schmidt and Jacques Hersh, eds., Globalization and Social Change (London, 2000).
51. John Tomlinson, Globalization and Culture (Chicago, 1999), 2-17.
52. Diplomatic historians are so well aware of the numerous criticisms since Charles Maier indicted the field for "marking time" that it is unnecessary to cite the relevant articles. There have been numerous attempts to rectify the problems - from calls to internationalize the discipline, to be more inclusive in methodology, to borrow theory from other fields, and to veer from traditional military/security topics to those subjects gripping the profession as a whole, namely cultural/social history. For an exhaustive methodological solution see Stephen E. Pelz, "A Taxonomy for Diplomatic History," Journal of Interdisciplinary History 19 (August 1988): 259-76. See also Thomas Schoonover, "'It's Not What We Say, It's What We Do': The Study and Writing of U.S. Foreign Relations in the United States," SHAFR Newsletter 31 (June 2000): 11-36.
53. Diplomatic historians are so well aware of the numerous criticisms since Charles Maier indicted the field for "marking time" that it is unnecessary to cite the relevant articles. There have been numerous attempts to rectify the problems - from calls to internationalize the discipline, to be more inclusive in methodology, to borrow theory from other fields, and to veer from traditional military/security topics to those subjects gripping the profession as a whole, namely cultural/social history. For an exhaustive methodological solution see Stephen E. Pelz, "A Taxonomy for Diplomatic History," Journal of Interdisciplinary History 19 (August 1988): 259-76. See also Thomas Schoonover, "'It's Not What We Say, It's What We Do': The Study and Writing of U.S. Foreign Relations in the United States," SHAFR Newsletter 31 (June 2000): 11-36.
54. Robert Buzzanco, "What Happened to the New Left? Toward a Radical Reading of American Foreign Relations," Diplomatic History 23 (Fall 1999): 575-607.
55. Bob Schulzinger pointed out the Bergsten view.
56. A good example is the exhaustively explored dispute between Guatemala and the United Fruit Company that led to the ouster of the Arbenz government in 1954. The events have been thoroughly told, but left out is the figure of Carl Lindner, the owner of UFCO's successor, Chiquita. After the coup, Lindner opened European markets to Chiquita's banana exports from Central America by financially supporting politicians in both U.S. political parties. They, in turn, placed his export demands on the trade negotiating table before the European Common Market.
57. Jane Fraser and Jeremy Oppenheim, "What's New About Globalization?" The McKinsey Quarterly 2 (1997): 168-79.
58. See Robert W. Rydell, All the World's a Fair (Chicago, 1984).
59. Walter LaFeber, The American Search for Opportunity, 1865-1913 (Cambridge, 1993), 148, also 164, 170. See also George Baer, One Hundred Years of Sea Power, 1890-1990 (Stanford, 1994), 25-27, 30, 33; Walter Millis Arms and Men: A Study in American Military History (New York, 1956), 168-69; and Emily S. Rosenberg, Financial Missionaries to the World: The Politics and Culture of Dollar Diplomacy, 1900-1930 (Cambridge, 1999), 2-30.
60. Walter LaFeber, The American Search for Opportunity, 1865-1913 (Cambridge, 1993), 148, also 164, 170. See also George Baer, One Hundred Years of Sea Power, 1890-1990 (Stanford, 1994), 25-27, 30, 33; Walter Millis Arms and Men: A Study in American Military History (New York, 1956), 168-69; and Emily S. Rosenberg, Financial Missionaries to the World: The Politics and Culture of Dollar Diplomacy, 1900-1930 (Cambridge, 1999), 2-30.
61. Walter LaFeber, The American Search for Opportunity, 1865-1913 (Cambridge, 1993), 148, also 164, 170. See also George Baer, One Hundred Years of Sea Power, 1890-1990 (Stanford, 1994), 25-27, 30, 33; Walter Millis Arms and Men: A Study in American Military History (New York, 1956), 168-69; and Emily S. Rosenberg, Financial Missionaries to the World: The Politics and Culture of Dollar Diplomacy, 1900-1930 (Cambridge, 1999), 2-30.
62. Walter LaFeber, The American Search for Opportunity, 1865-1913 (Cambridge, 1993), 148, also 164, 170. See also George Baer, One Hundred Years of Sea Power, 1890-1990 (Stanford, 1994), 25-27, 30, 33; Walter Millis Arms and Men: A Study in American Military History (New York, 1956), 168-69; and Emily S. Rosenberg, Financial Missionaries to the World: The Politics and Culture of Dollar Diplomacy, 1900-1930 (Cambridge, 1999), 2-30.
63. Tarbell, "A Tariff-Made City," in More Than a Muckraker: Ida Tarbell's Lifetime in Journalism, ed. Robert C. Kochersberger, Jr. (Knoxville, 1994), 88.
64. John Whiteclay Chambers II, The Tyranny of Change: America in the Progressive Era, 1880-1920, 2d ed. (New York, 1992), 58.
65. Wilson quoted in Martin J. Sklar, The Corporate Reconstruction of American Capitalism, 1890-1916: The Market, the Law, and Politics (Cambridge, 1988), 418.
66. Chambers, The Tyranny of Change, 77. See also Alfred D. Chandler, Jr., Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism (Cambridge, 1990); and Naomi R. Lamoreaux, The Great Merger Movement in American Business, 1895-1904. (Cambridge, 1985).
67. Chambers, The Tyranny of Change, 77. See also Alfred D. Chandler, Jr., Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism (Cambridge, 1990); and Naomi R. Lamoreaux, The Great Merger Movement in American Business, 1895-1904. (Cambridge, 1985).
68. Chambers, The Tyranny of Change, 77. See also Alfred D. Chandler, Jr., Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism (Cambridge, 1990); and Naomi R. Lamoreaux, The Great Merger Movement in American Business, 1895-1904. (Cambridge, 1985).
69. Angus Maddison, Monitoring the World Economy 1820-1992 (Paris, 1995); Paul Bairoch, A European Trade Policy, 1815-1941," in Cambridge Economic History of Europe: The Industrial Economies: Development of Social Policies, ed. Peter Mathias and Sidney Pollard (Cambridge, 1989), 3:3; Alan M. Kraut, The Huddled Masses: The Immigrant in American Society, 1880-1921 (Arlington Heights, 1982), 102-9.
70. Angus Maddison, Monitoring the World Economy 1820-1992 (Paris, 1995); Paul Bairoch, A European Trade Policy, 1815-1941," in Cambridge Economic History of Europe: The Industrial Economies: Development of Social Policies, ed. Peter Mathias and Sidney Pollard (Cambridge, 1989), 3:3; Alan M. Kraut, The Huddled Masses: The Immigrant in American Society, 1880-1921 (Arlington Heights, 1982), 102-9.
71. Angus Maddison, Monitoring the World Economy 1820-1992 (Paris, 1995); Paul Bairoch, A European Trade Policy, 1815-1941," in Cambridge Economic History of Europe: The Industrial Economies: Development of Social Policies, ed. Peter Mathias and Sidney Pollard (Cambridge, 1989), 3:3; Alan M. Kraut, The Huddled Masses: The Immigrant in American Society, 1880-1921 (Arlington Heights, 1982), 102-9.
72. James D. Richardson, Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents (New York, 1910), 14:6618-22.
73. See Francis Anthony Boyle, Foundations of World Order: The Legalist Approach to International Relations, 1898-1922 (Durham, 1999); and David Kennedy, "Interdisciplinary Approaches to International Economic Law: The International Style in Postwar Law and Policy: John Jackson and the Field of International Economic Law," American University Journal of International Law & Policy 10 (Winter 1995): 671.
74. See Francis Anthony Boyle, Foundations of World Order: The Legalist Approach to International Relations, 1898-1922 (Durham, 1999); and David Kennedy, "Interdisciplinary Approaches to International Economic Law: The International Style in Postwar Law and Policy: John Jackson and the Field of International Economic Law," American University Journal of International Law & Policy 10 (Winter 1995): 671.
75. Maddison, Monitoring the World Economy, 38; B. R. Mitchell, International Historical Statistics: Europe, 1750-1988, 3d ed. (Basingstoke, 1992), 559, 562, 894, 897; U.S. Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States (Washington, 1976), 2:887; William A. Lovett, Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., and Richard L. Brinkman, U.S. Trade Policy: History, Theory and the WTO (Armonk, NY, 1999), 52-54.
76. Maddison, Monitoring the World Economy, 38; B. R. Mitchell, International Historical Statistics: Europe, 1750-1988, 3d ed. (Basingstoke, 1992), 559, 562, 894, 897; U.S. Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States (Washington, 1976), 2:887; William A. Lovett, Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., and Richard L. Brinkman, U.S. Trade Policy: History, Theory and the WTO (Armonk, NY, 1999), 52-54.
77. Maddison, Monitoring the World Economy, 38; B. R. Mitchell, International Historical Statistics: Europe, 1750-1988, 3d ed. (Basingstoke, 1992), 559, 562, 894, 897; U.S. Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States (Washington, 1976), 2:887; William A. Lovett, Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., and Richard L. Brinkman, U.S. Trade Policy: History, Theory and the WTO (Armonk, NY, 1999), 52-54.
78. Maddison, Monitoring the World Economy, 38; B. R. Mitchell, International Historical Statistics: Europe, 1750-1988, 3d ed. (Basingstoke, 1992), 559, 562, 894, 897; U.S. Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States (Washington, 1976), 2:887; William A. Lovett, Alfred E. Eckes, Jr., and Richard L. Brinkman, U.S. Trade Policy: History, Theory and the WTO (Armonk, NY, 1999), 52-54.
79. Fred A. McKenzie, The American Invaders (New York, 1976), 31. See also U.S. Department of State, Commercial Relations of the United States with Foreign Countries during the Year 1900 (Washington, 1901), 16, 27-28.
80. Fred A. McKenzie, The American Invaders (New York, 1976), 31. See also U.S. Department of State, Commercial Relations of the United States with Foreign Countries during the Year 1900 (Washington, 1901), 16, 27-28.
81. Benjamin H. Thwaite, The American Invasion; or England's Commercial Danger (Wilmington, 1902), 21-29.
82. Fred MacKenzie cited in William T. Stead, The Americanization of the World (New York, 1972, rep. of 1902 ed.), 138. See also Albert K, Steigerwalt, The National Association of Manufacturers, 1895-1914 (Ann Arbor, 1964), 59-63.
83. Fred MacKenzie cited in William T. Stead, The Americanization of the World (New York, 1972, rep. of 1902 ed.), 138. See also Albert K, Steigerwalt, The National Association of Manufacturers, 1895-1914 (Ann Arbor, 1964), 59-63.
84. Stead, Americanization of the World, 139.
85. Thwaite, The American Invasion, 5, 20-22. See also Charles H. Duell, "The American Patent System," Scientific American Supplement (16 February 1901): 21008-9.
86. Thwaite, The American Invasion, 5, 20-22. See also Charles H. Duell, "The American Patent System," Scientific American Supplement (16 February 1901): 21008-9.
87. Chauncey Smith, "A Century of Patent Law," Quarterly Journal of Economics 5:1 (October 1890): 44-69.
88. Went, Globalization, 16.
89. Alfred Chandler, "The Beginnings of 'Big Business' in American Industry," Business History Review 33 (Spring 1959): 1-31; Chandler, Scale and Scope, John F. Wilson, British Business History, 1720-1994 (Manchester, 1995), 86-132; P.J. Cain and A. G. Hopkins, British Imperialism: Innovation and Expansion, 1688-1914 (New York, 1993), 125-34.
90. Alfred Chandler, "The Beginnings of 'Big Business' in American Industry," Business History Review 33 (Spring 1959): 1-31; Chandler, Scale and Scope, John F. Wilson, British Business History, 1720-1994 (Manchester, 1995), 86-132; P.J. Cain and A. G. Hopkins, British Imperialism: Innovation and Expansion, 1688-1914 (New York, 1993), 125-34.
91. Alfred Chandler, "The Beginnings of 'Big Business' in American Industry," Business History Review 33 (Spring 1959): 1-31; Chandler, Scale and Scope, John F. Wilson, British Business History, 1720-1994 (Manchester, 1995), 86-132; P.J. Cain and A. G. Hopkins, British Imperialism: Innovation and Expansion, 1688-1914 (New York, 1993), 125-34.
92. Alfred Chandler, "The Beginnings of 'Big Business' in American Industry," Business History Review 33 (Spring 1959): 1-31; Chandler, Scale and Scope, John F. Wilson, British Business History, 1720-1994 (Manchester, 1995), 86-132; P.J. Cain and A. G. Hopkins, British Imperialism: Innovation and Expansion, 1688-1914 (New York, 1993), 125-34.
93. On Singer see Robert B. Davies, Peacefully Working to Conquer the World (New York, 1976)..
94. Mira Wilkins, The Emergence of Multinational Enterprise: American Business Abroad from the Colonial Era 101914 (Cambridge, 1970), 110; John H. Dunning, Explaining International Production (New York, 1988), 72-77.
95. Mira Wilkins, The Emergence of Multinational Enterprise: American Business Abroad from the Colonial Era 101914 (Cambridge, 1970), 110; John H. Dunning, Explaining International Production (New York, 1988), 72-77.
96. Rene De La Pedraja, The Rise and Decline of U.S. Merchant Shipping in the Twentieth Century (New York, 1992), 47.
97. William Lovett, ed., United States Shipping Policies and the World Market (Westport, 1996), 6-7; Paul Zeis, American Shipping Policy (Princeton, 1938); David Pletcher, The Diplomacy of Trade and Investment: American Economic Expansion in the Hemisphere, 1865-1900 (Columbia, 1998), 275, 380-81; Baer, One Hundred Years of Sea Power, 47; LaFeber, The American Search for Opportunity, 117. For Harriman see George Kennan, E. H. Harriman: A Biography, (Boston, 1922), 2:1-26; and Maury Klein, The Life and Legend of E. H. Harriman (Chapel Hill, 2000), 283-90.
98. William Lovett, ed., United States Shipping Policies and the World Market (Westport, 1996), 6-7; Paul Zeis, American Shipping Policy (Princeton, 1938); David Pletcher, The Diplomacy of Trade and Investment: American Economic Expansion in the Hemisphere, 1865-1900 (Columbia, 1998), 275, 380-81; Baer, One Hundred Years of Sea Power, 47; LaFeber, The American Search for Opportunity, 117. For Harriman see George Kennan, E. H. Harriman: A Biography, (Boston, 1922), 2:1-26; and Maury Klein, The Life and Legend of E. H. Harriman (Chapel Hill, 2000), 283-90.
99. William Lovett, ed., United States Shipping Policies and the World Market (Westport, 1996), 6-7; Paul Zeis, American Shipping Policy (Princeton, 1938); David Pletcher, The Diplomacy of Trade and Investment: American Economic Expansion in the Hemisphere, 1865-1900 (Columbia, 1998), 275, 380-81; Baer, One Hundred Years of Sea Power, 47; LaFeber, The American Search for Opportunity, 117. For Harriman see George Kennan, E. H. Harriman: A Biography, (Boston, 1922), 2:1-26; and Maury Klein, The Life and Legend of E. H. Harriman (Chapel Hill, 2000), 283-90.
100. William Lovett, ed., United States Shipping Policies and the World Market (Westport, 1996), 6-7; Paul Zeis, American Shipping Policy (Princeton, 1938); David Pletcher, The Diplomacy of Trade and Investment: American Economic Expansion in the Hemisphere, 1865-1900 (Columbia, 1998), 275, 380-81; Baer, One Hundred Years of Sea Power, 47; LaFeber, The American Search for Opportunity, 117. For Harriman see George Kennan, E. H. Harriman: A Biography, (Boston, 1922), 2:1-26; and Maury Klein, The Life and Legend of E. H. Harriman (Chapel Hill, 2000), 283-90.
101. William Lovett, ed., United States Shipping Policies and the World Market (Westport, 1996), 6-7; Paul Zeis, American Shipping Policy (Princeton, 1938); David Pletcher, The Diplomacy of Trade and Investment: American Economic Expansion in the Hemisphere, 1865-1900 (Columbia, 1998), 275, 380-81; Baer, One Hundred Years of Sea Power, 47; LaFeber, The American Search for Opportunity, 117. For Harriman see George Kennan, E. H. Harriman: A Biography, (Boston, 1922), 2:1-26; and Maury Klein, The Life and Legend of E. H. Harriman (Chapel Hill, 2000), 283-90.
102. William Lovett, ed., United States Shipping Policies and the World Market (Westport, 1996), 6-7; Paul Zeis, American Shipping Policy (Princeton, 1938); David Pletcher, The Diplomacy of Trade and Investment: American Economic Expansion in the Hemisphere, 1865-1900 (Columbia, 1998), 275, 380-81; Baer, One Hundred Years of Sea Power, 47; LaFeber, The American Search for Opportunity, 117. For Harriman see George Kennan, E. H. Harriman: A Biography, (Boston, 1922), 2:1-26; and Maury Klein, The Life and Legend of E. H. Harriman (Chapel Hill, 2000), 283-90.
103. William Lovett, ed., United States Shipping Policies and the World Market (Westport, 1996), 6-7; Paul Zeis, American Shipping Policy (Princeton, 1938); David Pletcher, The Diplomacy of Trade and Investment: American Economic Expansion in the Hemisphere, 1865-1900 (Columbia, 1998), 275, 380-81; Baer, One Hundred Years of Sea Power, 47; LaFeber, The American Search for Opportunity, 117. For Harriman see George Kennan, E. H. Harriman: A Biography, (Boston, 1922), 2:1-26; and Maury Klein, The Life and Legend of E. H. Harriman (Chapel Hill, 2000), 283-90.
104. Data from U.S. Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States (Bicentennial Edition) (Washington, 1975), 2:782, 791; Daniel Headrick, The Invisible Weapon: Telecommunications and International Politics, 1851-1945 (New York, 1991), 28, 36, also 4, 32, 57-39.
105. Data from U.S. Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States (Bicentennial Edition) (Washington, 1975), 2:782, 791; Daniel Headrick, The Invisible Weapon: Telecommunications and International Politics, 1851-1945 (New York, 1991), 28, 36, also 4, 32, 57-39.
106. See generally George P. Oslin, The Story of Telecommunications (Macon, 1992). See also Went, Globalization, 16.
107. See generally George P. Oslin, The Story of Telecommunications (Macon, 1992). See also Went, Globalization, 16.
108. John Robert Greene, The Presidency of George Bush (Lawrence, 2000), 93-97; Fred Coleman, The Decline and Fall of the Soviet Empire: Forty Years That Shook the World, From Stalin to Yeltsin (New York, 1996), 346; Linda Jo Galloway, "High Tech Comes to War Coverage: Uses of Information and Communications Technology for Television Coverage in the Gulf War," in The 1,000 Hour War: Communication in the Gulf, ed. Thomas A. McCain and Leonard Shyles (Westport, 1994), 56.
109. John Robert Greene, The Presidency of George Bush (Lawrence, 2000), 93-97; Fred Coleman, The Decline and Fall of the Soviet Empire: Forty Years That Shook the World, From Stalin to Yeltsin (New York, 1996), 346; Linda Jo Galloway, "High Tech Comes to War Coverage: Uses of Information and Communications Technology for Television Coverage in the Gulf War," in The 1,000 Hour War: Communication in the Gulf, ed. Thomas A. McCain and Leonard Shyles (Westport, 1994), 56.
110. John Robert Greene, The Presidency of George Bush (Lawrence, 2000), 93-97; Fred Coleman, The Decline and Fall of the Soviet Empire: Forty Years That Shook the World, From Stalin to Yeltsin (New York, 1996), 346; Linda Jo Galloway, "High Tech Comes to War Coverage: Uses of Information and Communications Technology for Television Coverage in the Gulf War," in The 1,000 Hour War: Communication in the Gulf, ed. Thomas A. McCain and Leonard Shyles (Westport, 1994), 56.
111. P. L. Cottrell, "Great Britain," in International Banking, 1870-1914, ed. Rondo Cameron and V. I. Bovykin (New York, 1991), 25-26; Lance Davis and Robert J. Cull, International Capital Markets and American Economic Growth, 1820-1914 (Cambridge, 1994), 17-19.
112. P. L. Cottrell, "Great Britain," in International Banking, 1870-1914, ed. Rondo Cameron and V. I. Bovykin (New York, 1991), 25-26; Lance Davis and Robert J. Cull, International Capital Markets and American Economic Growth, 1820-1914 (Cambridge, 1994), 17-19.
113. Wilkins, The Emergence of Multinational Enterprise, 199-217.
114. Quoted in Headrick, Invisible Weapon, 3.
115. Steigerwalt, The National Association of Manufacturers, 24, 81-82, 169.
116. LaFeber, The American Search for Opportunity, 192-201; David McCullough, The Path Between the Seas: The Creation of the Panama Canal, 1870-1914 (New York, 1977), 543-54.
117. LaFeber, The American Search for Opportunity, 192-201; David McCullough, The Path Between the Seas: The Creation of the Panama Canal, 1870-1914 (New York, 1977), 543-54.
118. Quoted in Frank Ninkovich, Modernity and Power A History of the Domino Theory in the Twentieth Century (Chicago, 1994), 32, 35. See also Rosenberg, Financial Missionaries, 61-75.
119. Quoted in Frank Ninkovich, Modernity and Power A History of the Domino Theory in the Twentieth Century (Chicago, 1994), 32, 35. See also Rosenberg, Financial Missionaries, 61-75.
120. Lester D. Langley and Thomas Schoonover, The Banana Men: American Mercenaries and Entrepreneurs in Central America, 1880-1930 (Lexington, KY, 1995), 33-41.
121. Hay cited in Cleona Lewis, America's Stake in International Investments, 341.
122. See Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree, 93-119.
123. David Healy, US Expansionism: The Imperialist Urge in the 1890s (Madison, 1970), 130-36. On NGOs see Akira Iriye, "A Century of NGOs," Diplomatic History 23 (Summer 1999): 425. See also Michael Hunt, The Making of a Special Relationship: The United States and China to 1914 (New York, 1983), 293; Jon Thares Davidann, A World of Crisis and Progress: The American YMCA in Japan, 1890-1930 (Bethlehem, 1998); William R. Hutchison, Errand to the World: American Protestant Though and Foreign Missions (Chicago, 1987); and John Tomlinson, Cultural Imperialism: A Critical Interpretation (Baltimore, 1991).
124. David Healy, US Expansionism: The Imperialist Urge in the 1890s (Madison, 1970), 130-36. On NGOs see Akira Iriye, "A Century of NGOs," Diplomatic History 23 (Summer 1999): 425. See also Michael Hunt, The Making of a Special Relationship: The United States and China to 1914 (New York, 1983), 293; Jon Thares Davidann, A World of Crisis and Progress: The American YMCA in Japan, 1890-1930 (Bethlehem, 1998); William R. Hutchison, Errand to the World: American Protestant Though and Foreign Missions (Chicago, 1987); and John Tomlinson, Cultural Imperialism: A Critical Interpretation (Baltimore, 1991).
125. David Healy, US Expansionism: The Imperialist Urge in the 1890s (Madison, 1970), 130-36. On NGOs see Akira Iriye, "A Century of NGOs," Diplomatic History 23 (Summer 1999): 425. See also Michael Hunt, The Making of a Special Relationship: The United States and China to 1914 (New York, 1983), 293; Jon Thares Davidann, A World of Crisis and Progress: The American YMCA in Japan, 1890-1930 (Bethlehem, 1998); William R. Hutchison, Errand to the World: American Protestant Though and Foreign Missions (Chicago, 1987); and John Tomlinson, Cultural Imperialism: A Critical Interpretation (Baltimore, 1991).
126. David Healy, US Expansionism: The Imperialist Urge in the 1890s (Madison, 1970), 130-36. On NGOs see Akira Iriye, "A Century of NGOs," Diplomatic History 23 (Summer 1999): 425. See also Michael Hunt, The Making of a Special Relationship: The United States and China to 1914 (New York, 1983), 293; Jon Thares Davidann, A World of Crisis and Progress: The American YMCA in Japan, 1890-1930 (Bethlehem, 1998); William R. Hutchison, Errand to the World: American Protestant Though and Foreign Missions (Chicago, 1987); and John Tomlinson, Cultural Imperialism: A Critical Interpretation (Baltimore, 1991).
127. David Healy, US Expansionism: The Imperialist Urge in the 1890s (Madison, 1970), 130-36. On NGOs see Akira Iriye, "A Century of NGOs," Diplomatic History 23 (Summer 1999): 425. See also Michael Hunt, The Making of a Special Relationship: The United States and China to 1914 (New York, 1983), 293; Jon Thares Davidann, A World of Crisis and Progress: The American YMCA in Japan, 1890-1930 (Bethlehem, 1998); William R. Hutchison, Errand to the World: American Protestant Though and Foreign Missions (Chicago, 1987); and John Tomlinson, Cultural Imperialism: A Critical Interpretation (Baltimore, 1991).
128. David Healy, US Expansionism: The Imperialist Urge in the 1890s (Madison, 1970), 130-36. On NGOs see Akira Iriye, "A Century of NGOs," Diplomatic History 23 (Summer 1999): 425. See also Michael Hunt, The Making of a Special Relationship: The United States and China to 1914 (New York, 1983), 293; Jon Thares Davidann, A World of Crisis and Progress: The American YMCA in Japan, 1890-1930 (Bethlehem, 1998); William R. Hutchison, Errand to the World: American Protestant Though and Foreign Missions (Chicago, 1987); and John Tomlinson, Cultural Imperialism: A Critical Interpretation (Baltimore, 1991).
129. Ian R. Tyrrel, Woman's World / Women's Empire: The Woman's Christian Temperance Union in International Perspective, 1880-1930 (Chapel Hill, 1991), 61, 76, 147; Nitza Berkovitch, "The Emergence and Transformation of the International Women's Movement," in Boli and Thomas, eds., Constructing World Culture, 102-9.
130. Ian R. Tyrrel, Woman's World / Women's Empire: The Woman's Christian Temperance Union in International Perspective, 1880-1930 (Chapel Hill, 1991), 61, 76, 147; Nitza Berkovitch, "The Emergence and Transformation of the International Women's Movement," in Boli and Thomas, eds., Constructing World Culture, 102-9.
131. Kathy Peiss, Hope in a Jar: The Making of America's Beauty Culture (New York, 1998), 63-66.
132. Heindel, American Impact on Great Britain, 335; Bradford Perkins, The Great Rapprochement: England and the United States, 1895-1914 (New York, 1968), 137.
133. Heindel, American Impact on Great Britain, 335; Bradford Perkins, The Great Rapprochement: England and the United States, 1895-1914 (New York, 1968), 137.
134. Steigerwalt, The National Association of Manufacturers, 45-46. See also, generally, Emily S. Rosenberg, Spreading the American Dream: American Economic and Cultural Expansion, 1890-1945 (New York, 1982); Richard Heathcote Heindel, The American Impact on Great Britain 1898-1914: A Study of the United States in World History (New York, 1968 rep. of 1940 ed.); Ralph G. Martin, Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill: The Romantic Years, 1854-95 (Englewood Cliffs, 1969); and Perkins, The Great Rapprochement, 149, 151.
135. Steigerwalt, The National Association of Manufacturers, 45-46. See also, generally, Emily S. Rosenberg, Spreading the American Dream: American Economic and Cultural Expansion, 1890-1945 (New York, 1982); Richard Heathcote Heindel, The American Impact on Great Britain 1898-1914: A Study of the United States in World History (New York, 1968 rep. of 1940 ed.); Ralph G. Martin, Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill: The Romantic Years, 1854-95 (Englewood Cliffs, 1969); and Perkins, The Great Rapprochement, 149, 151.
136. Steigerwalt, The National Association of Manufacturers, 45-46. See also, generally, Emily S. Rosenberg, Spreading the American Dream: American Economic and Cultural Expansion, 1890-1945 (New York, 1982); Richard Heathcote Heindel, The American Impact on Great Britain 1898-1914: A Study of the United States in World History (New York, 1968 rep. of 1940 ed.); Ralph G. Martin, Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill: The Romantic Years, 1854-95 (Englewood Cliffs, 1969); and Perkins, The Great Rapprochement, 149, 151.
137. Steigerwalt, The National Association of Manufacturers, 45-46. See also, generally, Emily S. Rosenberg, Spreading the American Dream: American Economic and Cultural Expansion, 1890-1945 (New York, 1982); Richard Heathcote Heindel, The American Impact on Great Britain 1898-1914: A Study of the United States in World History (New York, 1968 rep. of 1940 ed.); Ralph G. Martin, Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill: The Romantic Years, 1854-95 (Englewood Cliffs, 1969); and Perkins, The Great Rapprochement, 149, 151.
138. Steigerwalt, The National Association of Manufacturers, 45-46. See also, generally, Emily S. Rosenberg, Spreading the American Dream: American Economic and Cultural Expansion, 1890-1945 (New York, 1982); Richard Heathcote Heindel, The American Impact on Great Britain 1898-1914: A Study of the United States in World History (New York, 1968 rep. of 1940 ed.); Ralph G. Martin, Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill: The Romantic Years, 1854-95 (Englewood Cliffs, 1969); and Perkins, The Great Rapprochement, 149, 151.
139. Carnegie quote in Raymond B. Fosdick, The Story of the Rockefeller Foundation (New York, 1952), 5. See also John Ensor Harr and Peter J. Johnson, The Rockefeller Conscience: An American Family in Public and in Private (New York, 1991); and Ron Chernow, The Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller, Sr. (New York, 1998).
140. Carnegie quote in Raymond B. Fosdick, The Story of the Rockefeller Foundation (New York, 1952), 5. See also John Ensor Harr and Peter J. Johnson, The Rockefeller Conscience: An American Family in Public and in Private (New York, 1991); and Ron Chernow, The Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller, Sr. (New York, 1998).
141. Carnegie quote in Raymond B. Fosdick, The Story of the Rockefeller Foundation (New York, 1952), 5. See also John Ensor Harr and Peter J. Johnson, The Rockefeller Conscience: An American Family in Public and in Private (New York, 1991); and Ron Chernow, The Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller, Sr. (New York, 1998).
142. Merle Curti, American Philanthropy Abroad: A History (New Brunswick, 1963), 223.
143. David Wallechinsky, The Complete Book of the Summer Olympics (Boston, 1996), xi. See generally John E. Findling and Kimberley D. Pelle, eds., Historical Dictionary of the Modern Olympic Movement (Westport, 1996). On British cheating see Perkins, The Great Rapprochement, 119-20. British officials allowed their tug-o-war team to wear hobnailed boots for better traction, a violation of Olympic rules. They also stopped the 400 meter final on an dubious interference call when an American was clearly going to win. And they dragged a prostrate Italian marathoner across the finish line, ahead of a charging American. A U.S. protest found its way to the desk of Teddy Roosevelt, who lodged a complaint. Currents of nationalism in globalized eras always remained powerful.
144. David Wallechinsky, The Complete Book of the Summer Olympics (Boston, 1996), xi. See generally John E. Findling and Kimberley D. Pelle, eds., Historical Dictionary of the Modern Olympic Movement (Westport, 1996). On British cheating see Perkins, The Great Rapprochement, 119-20. British officials allowed their tug-o-war team to wear hobnailed boots for better traction, a violation of Olympic rules. They also stopped the 400 meter final on an dubious interference call when an American was clearly going to win. And they dragged a prostrate Italian marathoner across the finish line, ahead of a charging American. A U.S. protest found its way to the desk of Teddy Roosevelt, who lodged a complaint. Currents of nationalism in globalized eras always remained powerful.
145. David Wallechinsky, The Complete Book of the Summer Olympics (Boston, 1996), xi. See generally John E. Findling and Kimberley D. Pelle, eds., Historical Dictionary of the Modern Olympic Movement (Westport, 1996). On British cheating see Perkins, The Great Rapprochement, 119-20. British officials allowed their tug-o-war team to wear hobnailed boots for better traction, a violation of Olympic rules. They also stopped the 400 meter final on an dubious interference call when an American was clearly going to win. And they dragged a prostrate Italian marathoner across the finish line, ahead of a charging American. A U.S. protest found its way to the desk of Teddy Roosevelt, who lodged a complaint. Currents of nationalism in globalized eras always remained powerful.
146. Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); James B. Twitchell, 20 Ads That Shook the World: The Century's Most Groundbreaking Advertising and How It Changed Us All (New York, 2000), 207, 215.
147. Walter LaFeber, Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism (New York, 1999); James B. Twitchell, 20 Ads That Shook the World: The Century's Most Groundbreaking Advertising and How It Changed Us All (New York, 2000), 207, 215.
148. Richard Cobden, Speeches on Questions of Public Policy (London, 1880), 187.
149. Frank Vanderlip, The American "Commercial Invasion" of Europe (New York, 1976, reprint of 1902 ed.), 12; Norman Angell, The Great Illusion (New York, 1972, reprint of 1911 ed.), vii.
150. Frank Vanderlip, The American "Commercial Invasion" of Europe (New York, 1976, reprint of 1902 ed.), 12; Norman Angell, The Great Illusion (New York, 1972, reprint of 1911 ed.), vii.
151. See Robert A. Pastor, A Century's Journey: How the Great Powers Shape the World (New York, 2000); and Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations.
152. See Robert A. Pastor, A Century's Journey: How the Great Powers Shape the World (New York, 2000); and Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations.