Sub-surface imaging by scanning thermal microscopy

Measurement Science and Technology

Volumn 7, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 142-150

  Hammiche, A ^a   Pollock, H M ^a   Song, M ^a   Hourston, D J ^b  

^a LANCASTER UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b LOUGHBOROUGH UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0039103261     PISSN: 09570233     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1088/0957-0233/7/2/004     Document Type: Article

References (15)

1. Rosencwaig A 1982 Thermal wave imaging Science 218 223-8
2. Emert H F H, Dacol F H, Melcher R L and Baumann T 1984 Non-contact thermal wave imaging of sub-surface structures with infrared-detection Appl. Phys. Lett. 44 1136-8
3. Boccara A C, Fournier D and Badoz J 1980 Thermo-optical spectroscopy: detection by the "mirage effect" Appl. Phys. Lett. 36 130-2
4. Suemune I, Yamamoto H and Yamanishi M 1985 Non-contact photoacoustic measurements of semiconductors with Michelson interferometry J. Appl. Phys. 58 615-17
5. Cielo P, Rousset G and Bertrand L 1986 Appl. Opt. 25
6. Kubota K, Murai H and Nakatsu H 1984 Photoacoustic spectroscospy of semiconductor heterostructures J. Appl. Phys. 55 1520-4
7. Williams C C and Wickramasinghe H K 1988 Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena ed P Hess and J Peltzl (Berlin: Springer) p 364
8. Majumdar A, Carrejo J P and Lai J 1993 Thermal imaging using the atomic force microscope Appl. Phys. Lett. 62 2501-3
9. Dinwiddie R B, Pylkki R J and West P E 1994 Thermal conductivity contrast imaging with a scanning thermal microscope Thermal Conductivity ed T W Tong (Lancaster, PA: Technomics) p 22
10. Majumdar A, Lai J, Chandrachood M, Nakabeppu O, Wu Y and Shi Z 1995 Thermal imaging by atomic force microscopy using thermocouple cantilever probes Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66 3584-92
11. Bradley D E 1965 Techniques for Electron Microscopy ed D H Kay (Oxford: Blackwell Scientific) p 64
12. Jeffreys H and Jeffreys B S 1966 Methods of Mathematical Physics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
13. Lawson N S, Ion R H, Pollock H M, Hourston D J and Reading M 1994 Characterising polymer surfaces - nanoindentation, surface force data, calorimetric microscopy Phys. Scr. T55 199-205
14. Hammiche A, Hourston D J, Pollock H M, Reading M and Song M 1996 Scanning thermal microscopy: sub-surface imaging, thermal mapping of polymer blends, localised calorimetry J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B to be published
15. Reading M 1993 Modulated differential scanning calorimetry - a new way forward in materials characterization Trends Polym. Sci. 1 248-53