The Nine Box Maze Test: A measure of spatial memory development in children

Brain and Cognition

Volumn 52, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 144-154

  Pentland, Linda M ^a,b   Anderson, Vicki A ^a,b   Dye, Sherelle ^a   Wood, Stephen J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

^b ROYAL CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL   (Australia)

Author keywords

Allocentric; Cognitive map; Hippocampus

Indexed keywords

ANALYTICAL PARAMETERS; ARTICLE; CHILD; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; MAZE TEST; MENTAL DEVELOPMENT; NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SKILL; SPATIAL MEMORY; TASK PERFORMANCE; THEORY;

EID: 0038799801     PISSN: 02782626     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0278-2626(03)00079-4     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Abrahams S., Morris R.G., Polkey C.E., Jarosz J.M., Cox T.C., Graves M., Pickering A. Hippocampal involvement in spatial and working memory: A structural MRI analysis of patients with unilateral mesial temporal lobe sclerosis. Brain and Cognition. 41(1):1999;39-65.
2. Abrahams S., Pickering A., Polkey C.E., Morris R.G. Spatial memory deficits in patients with unilateral damage to the right hippocampal formation. Neuropsychologia. 35(1):1997;11-24.
3. Aliotti N.C., Rajabiun D.A. Visual memory development in preschool children. Perceptual and Motor Skills. 73(3 Pt 1):1991;792-794.
4. Anderson V.A., Lajoie G. Development of memory and learning skills in school-aged children: A neuropsychological perspective. Applied Neuropsychology. 3/4:1996;128-139.
5. Barr W.B. Examining the right temporal lobe's role in nonverbal memory. Brain and Cognition. 35(1):1997;26-41.
6. Benes F., Turtle M., Khan Y., Farol P. Myelination of a key relay zone in the hippocampal formation occurs in the human brain during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Archives of General Psychiatry. 51(6):1994;477-484.
7. Benes F.M. Brain development, VII. Human brain growth spans decades. American Journal of Psychiatry. 155(11):1998;1489.
8. Cohen N.J., Ryan J., Hunt C., Romine L., Wszalek T., Nash C. Hippocampal system and declarative (relational) memory: Summarizing the data from functional neuroimaging studies. Hippocampus. 9(1):1999;83-98.
9. Daniel A. Power, privilege and prestige: Occupations in Australia. 1983;Longman-Cheshire, Melbourne.
10. Dennis M. Language and the young damaged brain. Boll T., Bryant B. Clinical neuropsychology and brain function: Research, measurement and practice. 1989;89-123 American Psychological Association, Washington.
11. Gron G., Wunderlich A.P., Spitzer M., Tomczak R., Riepe M.W. Brain activation during human navigation: Gender-different neural networks as substrate of performance. Nature Neuroscience. 3(4):2000;404-408.
12. Huttenlocher J., Newcombe N., Sandberg E.H. The coding of spatial location in young children. Cognitive Psychology. 27(2):1994;115-147.
13. Jagaroo V. Towards an analytic framework for the visuospatial domain: Spatial reference frames, cognitive operations, and neural systems. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 21(1):1999;134-146.
14. Jarrard L.E. On the role of the hippocampus in learning and memory in the rat. Behavioral and Neural Biology. 60(1):1993;9-26.
15. Kretschmann H.J., Kammradt G., Krauthausen I., Sauer B., Wingert F. Growth of the hippocampal formation in man. Bibliotheca Anatomica. 28:1986;27-52.
16. L'hermitte J., Signoret J.L. Analyse neuropsychologique et differenciation des syndromes amnesque. Revue Neurologique. 74:1972;20-38.
17. Lehnung M., Leplow B., Friege L., Herzog A., Ferstl R., Mehdorn M. Development of spatial memory and spatial orientation in preschoolers and primary school children. British Journal of Psychology. 89(Pt 3):1998;463-480.
18. Linn M.C., Petersen A.C. Emergence and characterization of sex differences in spatial ability: A meta-analysis. Child Development. 56(6):1985;1479-1498.
19. Luciana M., Nelson C.A. The functional emergence of prefrontally-guided working memory systems in four- to eight-year-old children. Neuropsychologia. 36(3):1998;273-293.
20. Maguire E.A., Frackowiak R.S., Frith C.D. Learning to find your way: A role for the human hippocampal formation. Proceedings of the Royal Society London, Series B. 263(1377):1996;1745-1750.
21. Maguire E.A., Frackowiak R.S.J., Frith C.D. Recalling routes around London: Activation of the right hippocampus in taxi drivers. Journal of Neuroscience. 17(18):1997;7103-7110.
22. Milner B. Interhemispheric differences in localization of psychological processes in man. British Medical Journal. 27:1971;272-277.
23. Morris R.G., Garrud P., Rawlins J.N., O'Keefe J. Place navigation impaired in rats with hippocampal lesions. Nature. 297(5868):1982;681-683.
24. Nadel L., MacDonald L. Hippocampus: Cognitive map or working memory. Behavioral Neural Biology. 29(3):1980;405-409.
25. O'Keefe J., Nadel L. The hippocampus as a cognitive map. 1978;Claredon Press, Oxford.
26. Olton D.S., Becker J.T., Handelmann G.E. Hippocampus, space, and memory. The Behavioural and Brain Sciences. 2:1979;313-365.
27. Olton D.S., Papas B.C. Spatial memory and hippocampal function. Neuropsychologia. 17(6):1979;669-682.
28. Overman W.H., Pate B.J., Moore K., Peuster A. Ontogeny of place learning in children as measured in the radial arm maze, Morris search task, and open field task. Behavioral Neuroscience. 110(6):1996;1205-1228.
29. Piaget, J., & Inhelder, B. (1967). The child's conception of space. (Langdon, F.J., Lunzer, J.L., Trans.). New York: W.W. Norton.
30. Rey A. L'examen psychologique dans les cas d'encephalopathie traumatique. Archives de Psychologie. 28:1941;286-340.
31. Reynolds C.R., Bigler E.D. Test of memory and learning. 1993;Psychological Assessment Resources, New York.
32. Rudy J.W., Stadler-Morris S., Albert P. Ontogeny of spatial navigation behaviors in the rat: Dissociation of "proximal"- and "distal"-cue-based behaviors. Behavioral Neuroscience. 101(1):1987;62-73.
33. Saling M.M., Berkovic S.F., O'Shea M.F., Kalnins R.M., Darby D.G., Bladin P.F. Lateralization of verbal memory and unilateral hippocampal sclerosis: Evidence of task-specific effects. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 15(4):1993;608-618.
34. Spreen O., Strauss E. A compendium of neuropsychological tests. 2nd ed. 1998;Oxford University Press, New York.
35. Squire L.R., Zola-Morgan S. The medial temporal lobe memory system. Science. 253(5026):1991;1380-1386.
36. Ungerleider L.G., Mishkin M. Two cortical visual systems. Ingle D.J., Goodale M.H., Mansfield R.J.W. Analysis of visual behavior. 1982;549-586 MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
37. Utsunomiya H., Takano K., Okazaki M., Mitsudome A. Development of the temporal lobe in infants and children: Analysis by MR-based volumetry. American Journal of Neuroradiology. 20(4):1999;717-723.
38. Waber D.P., Holmes J.M. Assessing children's copy productions of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 7:1985;264-280.
39. Wechsler D. Manual for the Wechsler Memory Scale - Revised. 1987;Psychological Corporation, New York.
40. Wechsler D. Manual for the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for children. third ed. 1991;Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX.