De-airing of a cardiothoracic wound cavity model with carbon dioxide: Theory and comparison of a gas diffuser with conventional tubes

Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia

Volumn 17, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 329-335

  Persson, Mikael ^b   Van der Linden, Jan ^a  

^a KAROLINSKA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Air embolism; Carbon dioxide; Cardiac surgery; Diffuser; Insufflation device

Indexed keywords

CARBON DIOXIDE;

AERATION; AIR EMBOLISM; AMBIENT AIR; ARTICLE; CALCULATION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DEVICE; FLOW RATE; GAS DIFFUSION; GAS FLOW; HEART SURGERY; IN VITRO STUDY; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; PRIORITY JOURNAL; ROOM VENTILATION; SURGICAL WOUND; THORAX SURGERY; TUBE; TURBULENT FLOW; UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;

EID: 0038798777     PISSN: 10530770     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1053-0770(03)00050-8     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Muth CM, Shank ES: Gas embolism. N Engl J Med 342:476-482, 2000
2. Eguchi S, Sakurai Y, Yamaguchi A: The use of carbon dioxide gas to prevent air embolism during open heart surgery. Acta Med Biol 11:1-13, 1963
3. van der Linden J, Casimir-Ahn H: When do cerebral emboli appear during open heart operations? A transcranial Doppler study. Ann Thorac Surg 51:237-241, 1991
4. Orihashi K, Matsuura Y, Hamanaka Y, et al: Retained intracardiac air in open heart operations examined by transesophageal echocardiography. Ann Thorac Surg 55:1467-1471, 1993
5. Oka Y, Inoue T, Hong Y, et al: Retained intracardiac air. Transesophageal echocardiography for definition of incidence and monitoring removal by improved techniques. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 91:329-338, 1986
6. Fries CC, Levowitz B, Adler S, et al: Experimental cerebral air embolism. Ann Surg 145:461-470, 1957
7. Kunkler A, King H: Comparison of air, oxygen and carbon dioxide embolization. Ann Surg 149:95-99, 1959
8. Goldfarb D, Bahnson HT: Early and late effects on the heart of small amounts of air in the coronary circulation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 46:368-378, 1963
9. Spencer FC, Rossi NP, Yu S-C, et al: The significance of air embolism during cardiopulmonary bypass. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 49:615-634, 1965
10. Hindman BJ, Dexter F, Subieta A, et al: Brain injury after cerebral arterial air embolism in the rabbit as determined by triphenyl-tetrazolium staining. Anesthesiology 90:1462-1473, 1999
11. Borger MA, Peniston CM, Weisel RD, et al: Neuropsychologic impairment after coronary bypass surgery: Effect of gaseous microemboli during perfusionist interventions. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 121:743-749, 2001
12. Tingleff J, Joyce FS, Pettersson G: Intraoperative echocardiographic study of air embolism during cardiac operations. Ann Thorac Surg 60:673-677, 1995
13. Ng SW, Rosen M: Carbon dioxide in the prevention of air embolism during open heart surgery. Thorax 23:194-196, 1968
14. 2 biodynamics: A new concept of cellular control. J Theor Biol 80:537-551, 1979
15. Eguchi S, Bosher LH Jr: Myocardial dysfunction resulting from coronary air embolism. Surgery 51:103-111, 1962
16. Moore RM, Braselton CW Jr: Injection of air and of carbon dioxide into a pulmonary vein. Ann Surg 112:212-218, 1940
17. Nichols HT, Morse DP, Hirose T: Coronary and other air embolization occuring during open cardiac surgery. Prevention by the use of gaseous carbon dioxide. Surgery 43:236-244, 1958
18. 2 during open heart surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 53:618-622, 1967
19. Martens S, Dietrich M, Wals S, et al: Conventional carbon dioxide application does not reduce cerebral or myocardial damage in open heart surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 72:1940-1944, 2001
20. Lindsay B: Mechanics, in Gray DE. (ed): American Institute of Physics Handbook, New York, McGraw-Hill, 1972, pp 134
21. Warren BA, Philp RB, Inwood MJ: The ultrastructural morphology of air embolism: Platelet adhesion to the interface and endothelial damage. Br J Exp Pathol 54:163-172, 1973
22. Herren JI, Kunzelman KS, Vocelka C, et al: Angiographic and histological evaluation of porcine retinal vascular damage and protection with perfluorocarbons after massive air embolism. Stroke 29:2396-2403, 1998
23. Helps SC, Parsons DW, Reilly PL, et al: The effect of gas emboli on rabbit cerebral blood flow. Stroke 21:94-99, 1990
24. Mills NL, Ochsner JL: Massive air embolism during cardiopulmonary bypass. Causes, prevention, and management. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 80:708-717, 1980
25. Tovar EA, Del Campo C, Borsari A, et al: Postoperative management of cerebral air embolism: Gas physiology for surgeons. Ann Thorac Surg 60:1138-1142, 1995
26. Rodriguez RA, Cornel G, Weerasena NA, et al: Effect of Trendelenburg head position during cardiac deairing on cerebral microemboli in children: a randomized controlled trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 121:3-9, 2001
27. Olinger GN: Carbon dioxide displacement of left heart chambers. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 109:187-188, 1995
28. Nadolny EM, Svensson LG: Carbon dioxide field flooding techniques for open heart surgery: Monitoring and minimizing potential adverse effects. Perfusion 15:151-153, 2000
29. Incropera FP, DeWitt DP: Diffusion mass transfer, in Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1996, pp 784-785