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Volumn 125, Issue 27, 2003, Pages 8228-8237

Tremorgenic indole alkaloids. The total synthesis of (-)-penitrem D

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALKALOIDS;

EID: 0038682516     PISSN: 00027863     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ja034842k     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (77)

References (70)
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    • For examples of gramine-type fragmentations, see: Brewster, J. H.; Eliel, E. L. Org. React. 1953, VII, 99-197.
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  • 34
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    • note
    • Lactone (+)-14 can be prepared from commercially available (-)-Wieland-Miescher ketone in 16 steps and 8% overall yield.
  • 37
    • 0037770548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • A similar protocol had also proven effective in our paspalicine and paspalinine synthetic ventures.
  • 38
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    • Academic Press Inc.: San Diego
    • For a review on the synthesis of indole derivatives, see: Sundberg, R. J. Indoles; Academic Press Inc.: San Diego, 1996.
    • (1996) Indoles.
    • Sundberg, R.J.1
  • 42
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    • 24 polycycloalkanes to dodecahedrane and dimethyl dodecahedrane, see: Eaton, P. E. Tetrahedron 1979, 35, 2189-2223, and references therein.
    • (1979) Tetrahedron , vol.35 , pp. 2189-2223
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  • 43
    • 0037770551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • See the Supporting Information for the experimental procedure.
  • 44
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    • Ph.D. Thesis, University of Pennsylvania
    • Hartz, R. A. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Pennsylvania, 1996.
    • (1996)
    • Hartz, R.A.1
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    • (a) Semmler, W. Chem. Ber. 1892, 25, 3352-3354.
    • (1892) Chem. Ber. , vol.25 , pp. 3352-3354
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  • 48
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    • (b) Wolff, L. Annalen 1902, 322, 351-391.
    • (1902) Annalen. , vol.322 , pp. 351-391
    • Wolff, L.1
  • 49
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    • Thyagarajin, B. S., Ed.; Inter science: New York
    • (c) For a review of the transformation, see: Conley, R. T.; Chosh, S. In Mechanism of Molecular Migrations; Thyagarajin, B. S., Ed.; Interscience: New York, 1971; Vol. 4, pp 251-308.
    • (1971) Mechanism of Molecular Migrations , vol.4 , pp. 251-308
    • Conley, R.T.1    Chosh, S.2
  • 50
    • 0038108124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • With the fully elaborated coupling partners, the heteroatom Peterson olefination did not go to completion without external promoters such as silica gel or heating; see also ref 6e.
  • 52
    • 0038447403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Attempts to use a MOM protecting group at C(25) as in the earlier model study failed due to our inability to differentiate the secondary and tertiary hydroxyls at C(25) and C(16), respectively.
  • 53
    • 0038108127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Without the auxiliary hydrazone 37, we were unable to detect the desired coupling product between (+)-35 and (-)-15.
  • 54
    • 0037770554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Intermediates (+)-38 and (+)-39 were both single isomers; the stereochemistry was not determined.
  • 55
    • 0038447405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 3OD.
  • 56
    • 0010422691 scopus 로고
    • Grieco and co-workers exploited these conditions in an elegant synthesis of yuehchukene, see: (a) Grieco, P. A.; Clark, J. D.; Jagoe, C. T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 5488-5489. (b) Henry, K. J., Jr.; Grieco, P. A. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 510-512.
    • (1991) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.113 , pp. 5488-5489
    • Grieco, P.A.1    Clark, J.D.2    Jagoe, C.T.3
  • 57
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    • Grieco and co-workers exploited these conditions in an elegant synthesis of yuehchukene, see: (a) Grieco, P. A.; Clark, J. D.; Jagoe, C. T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 5488-5489. (b) Henry, K. J., Jr.; Grieco, P. A. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 510-512.
    • (1993) J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. , pp. 510-512
    • Henry K.J., Jr.1    Grieco, P.A.2
  • 58
    • 0038108128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The major byproduct was a diene i (32% yield).
  • 60
    • 0038785023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Higher reaction temperature and/or longer reaction time resulted in over-reduction of the olefin in the side chain.
  • 67
    • 0002652021 scopus 로고
    • Morrison, J. D., Ed.; Academic Press: New York Chapter 1
    • (c) Stereoselective Alkylation Reactions of Chiral Metal Enolates. Evans, D. A. Asymmetric Synthesis; Morrison, J. D., Ed.; Academic Press: New York, 1983; Vol. 3, Chapter 1, pp 1-110.
    • (1983) Asymmtric Synthesis , vol.3 , pp. 1-110
    • Evans, D.A.1
  • 68
    • 0038108123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The lability of the TBS protecting group suggested that the use of the more robust TIPS ether would prove advantageous.


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