Acute sports-related spinal cord injury: Contemporary management principles

Clinics in Sports Medicine

Volumn 22, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 501-512

  Kim, David H ^a   Vaccaro, Alexander R ^a,b   Berta, Scott C ^a  

^a THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b ROTHMAN INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

METHYLPREDNISOLONE; STEROID;

ACCIDENT PREVENTION; ATHLETE; BIOMECHANICS; BODY POSITION; BRACHIAL PLEXUS INJURY; CERVICAL SPINAL CORD INJURY; CERVICAL SPINE INJURY; CLINICAL PROTOCOL; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; DIVING; FOOTBALL; HELMET; HUMAN; ICE HOCKEY; IMMOBILIZATION; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; NECK INJURY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; ORTHOSIS; PATIENT TRANSPORT; PHYSICAL EDUCATION; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT; QUADRIPLEGIA; REHABILITATION MEDICINE; RESUSCITATION; REVIEW; RUGBY; SPINAL CORD COMPRESSION; SPINAL CORD INJURY; SPORT; SPORT INJURY; SPORTS MEDICINE; STEROID THERAPY; VERTEBRAL CANAL STENOSIS;

EID: 0038676951     PISSN: 02785919     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0278-5919(02)00105-9     Document Type: Review

References (40)

1. Maroon JC, Bailes JE. Athletes with cervical spine injury. Spine 1996;21:2294-9.
2. Davis PM, McKelvey MK. Medicolegal aspects of athletic cervical spine injury. Clin Sports Med 1998;17:147-54.
3. Torg JS. Epidemiology, pathomechanics, and prevention of athletic injuries to the cervical spine. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1985;17:295-303.
4. Mueller FO. Fatalities from head and cervical spine injuries occurring in tackle football: 50 years' experience. Clin Sports Med 1998;17:169-82.
5. Danzig A. The history of American football. Upper Saddle River (NJ): Prentice Hall; 1956.
6. Mueller FO, Schindler RD. Annual survey of football injury research 1931-1994. Waco (TX): American Football Coaches Association; 1995.
7. Cantu RC, Mueller FO. Catastrophic football injuries: 1977-1998. Neurosurgery 2000;47(3): 673-7.
8. Tator CH, Carson JD, Edmonds VE. New spinal injuries in hockey. J Clin Sport Med 1997;7: 17-21.
9. Tator CH, Carson JD, Edmonds VE. Spinal injuries in ice hockey. Clin Sports Med 1998;17: 183-94.
10. Reid SR, Losek JD. Factors associated with significant injuries in youth ice hockey players. Pediatr Emerg Care 1999;15(5):310-3.
11. Medicine Canadian Academy of Sports Medicine. The Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine position statement on violence and injuries in ice hockey. Gloucester (Ontario): Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine; 1988.
12. Tator CH, Edmonds VE, Lapczak L. Spinal injuries in ice hockey: review of 182 North American cases and analysis of etiologic factors. In: Hoemer ER, editor. Safety in Ice hockey, vol. 2. Philadelphia: American Society for Testing and Materials; 1993. p. 11-20.
13. Bailes JE. Spinal injuries in athletes. In: Sonntag VKH, editor. Principles of spinal surgery. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1996. p. 465-92.
14. Katoh S, Shingu H, Ikata T, et al. Sports-related spinal cord injury in Japan (from the nationwide spinal cord injury registry between 1990 and 1992). Spinal Cord 1996;34:416-21.
15. Clarke KS. Epidemiology of athletic neck injury. Clin Sports Med 1998;17:83-97.
16. Rotem TR, Lawson JS, Wilson SF, et al. Severe cervical spinal cord injuries related to rugby union and league football in New South Wales, 1984-1996. Med J Aust 1998;168:379-81.
17. Taylor TKF, Coolican MRJ. Spinal cord injuries in Australian footballers, 1960-85. Med J Aust 1987;147:112-8.
18. Noakes TD, Jakoet I, Baalbergen E. An apparent reduction in the incidence and severity of spinal cord injuries in schoolboy rugby players in the Western Cape since 1990. S Afr Med J 1999;89: 540-5.
19. Clancy WG, Brand RL, Bergfield JA. Upper trunk brachial plexus injuries in contact sports. Am J Sports Med 1977;5:209-16.
20. Weinstein SM. Assessment and rehabilitation of the athlete with a "stinger". Clin Sports Med 1998;17:127-35.
21. Cantu RC. Head and spine injuries in youth sports. Clin Sports Med 1995;14:517-32.
22. Moiel RH, Raso E, Waltz TA. Central cord syndrome resulting from congenital narrowness of the cervical spinal canal. J Trauma 1970;10:502-10.
23. Penning L. Some aspects of plain radiography of the cervical spine in chronic myelopathy. Neurology 1962;12:513-6.
24. Torg JS, Pavlov H, Genuario SE, et al. Neurapraxia of the cervical spinal cord with transient quadriplegia. J Bone Joint Surg 1986;68-A:1354-70.
25. Torg JS, Naranja J, Pavlov H, et al. The relationship of developmental narrowing of the cervical spinal canal to reversible and irreversible injury to the cervical spinal cord in football players. J Bone Joint Surg 1996;78-A:1308-14.
26. Odor JM, Watkins RG, Dillin WH, et al. Incidence of cervical spinal stenosis in professional and rookie football players. Am J Sports Med 1990;18:507-9.
27. Herzog RJ, Weins JJ, Dillingham MR, et al. Normal cervical spine morphometry and cervical spinal stenosis in asymptomatic professional football players. Spine 1991;16:178-86.
28. Torg JS, Pavlov H, Genuario SE, et al. Neurapraxia of the cervical spinal cord with transient quadriplegia. J Bone Joint Surg 1985;68-A:1354-70.
29. Boockvar JA, Durham SR, Sun PP. Cervical spinal stenosis and sports-related cervical cord neurapraxia in children. Spine 2001;26(24):2709-13.
30. Eismont FJ, Clifford S, Goldberg M, et al. Cervical sagittal spinal size in spine injury. Spine 1983;9(3):663-6.
31. Cantu RC. The cervical spinal stenosis controversy. Clin Sports Med 1998;17:121-7.
32. Wilberger JE. Athletic spinal cord and spine injuries. Clin Sports Med 1998;17:111-20.
33. Torg JS, Sennett B, Pavlov H, et al. Spear tackler's spine. Am J Sports Med 1993;21:40-9.
34. Otis JC, Burstein AH, Torg JS. Mechanisms and pathomechanics of athletic injuries to the cervical spine. In: Torg JS, editor. Athletic injuries to the head, neck and face. 2nd edition. St. Louis: Mosby Year Book; 1991. p. 438-56.
35. Vegso JJ, Lehman RC. Field evaluation and management of head and neck injuries. Clin Sports Med 1987;6:1-3.
36. Warren WL, Bailes JE. On the field evaluation of athletic neck injury. Clin Sports Med 1998; 17(1):99-110.
37. American College of Surgeons. The Advanced Trauma Life Support manual. Chicago: American College of Surgeons; 1993.
38. Cantu RC. Cervical spine injuries in the athlete. Semin Neurol 2000;20(2):173-8.
39. Bishop PJ. Factors related to quadriplegia in football and the implications for intervention strategies. Am J Sports Med 1996;24(2):235-9.
40. Torg JS. Cervical spinal stenosis with cord neurapraxia and transient quadriplegia. Sports Med 1995;20(6):429-34.