The early Mesozoic Birdsboro central Atlantic margin basin in the Mid-Atlantic region, eastern United States

Bulletin of the Geological Society of America

Volumn 115, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 406-421

  Faill, Rodger T ^a  

^a Pennsylvania Geological Survey   (United States)

Author keywords

Basin analysis; Basins; Central Atlantic margin (CAM) basins; Eastern United States; Mesozoic

Indexed keywords

MUDSTONES;

ENVIRONMENTAL CHAMBERS; EROSION; SEDIMENTARY ROCKS; SEDIMENTS;

GEOLOGY;

BASIN EVOLUTION; DEFORMATION; DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT; EROSION; MESOZOIC; SEDIMENTARY BASIN;

UNITED STATES;

EID: 0038641859     PISSN: 00167606     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1130/0016-7606(2003)115<0406:TEMBCA>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Abdel-Monem, A.A., and Kulp, J.L., 1968, Paleogeography and the source of sediments of the Triassic basin. New Jersey, by K-Ar dating: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 79, p. 1231-1242.
2. Arguden, A.T., and Rodolfo, K.S., 1986, Sedimentary facies and tectonic implications of lower Mesozoic alluvial-fan conglomerates of the Newark basin, northeastern United States: Sedimentary Geology, v. 51, p. 97-118.
3. Barrell, J., 1915, Central Connecticut in the geologic past: Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey Bulletin 23, 44 p.
4. Contreras, Juan, Scholz, C.H., and King, G.C.P., 1997, A model of rift basin evolution constrained by first-order stratigraphic observations: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 102, p. 7673-7690.
5. Costain, J.K., and Çoruh, C., 1989, Tectonic setting of Triassic half-grabens in the Appalachians: Seismic data acquisition, processing, and results, in Tankard, A.J., and Balkwill, H.R., eds., Extensional tectonics and stratigraphy of the North Atlantic margins: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 46, p. 155-174.
6. Davis, W.M., 1897, The Triassic formation of Connecticut: U.S. Geological Survey Annual Report, v. 18, Part 2, p. 1-192.
7. de Wet, C.B., Yocum, D.A., and Mora, C.I., 1998, Carbonate lakes in closed basins: Sensitive indicators of climate and tectonics: An example from the Gettysburg basin (Triassic). Pennsylvania, USA: SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) Special Publication 59, p. 191-209.
8. Drake, A.A., Jr., Volkert, R.A., Monteverde, D.H., Herman, G.C., Houghton, H.F., Parker, R.A., and Dalton, R.F., 1996, Bedrock geologic map of northern New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Map I-2540-A, scale 1:100,000, 2 sheets.
9. Dunning, G.R., and Hodych, J.P., 1990, U/Pb zircon and baddeleyite ages for the Palisades and Gettysburg sills of the northeastern United States: Implications for the age of the Triassic/Jurassic boundary: Geology, v. 18, p. 795-798.
10. El-Tabakh, Mohamed, Riccioni, Rita, and Schreiber, B.C., 1997, Evolution of Late Triassic rift basin evaporites (Passaic Formation): Newark basin, eastern North America: Sedimentology, v. 44, p. 767-790.
11. Epstein, A.G., Epstein, J.B., and Harris, L.D., 1977, Conodont color alteration-An index to organic metamorphism: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 995, 27 p.
12. Faill, R.T., 1973, Tectonic development of the Triassic Newark-Gettysburg basin in Pennsylvania: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, p. 725-740.
13. Faill, R.T., 1988, Mesozoic tectonics of the Newark basin, as viewed from the Delaware River, in Husch, J.M., and Hozik, M.J., eds., Geology of the central Newark basin: Lawrenceville, New Jersey, Geological Association of New Jersey Annual Meeting Guidebook 5, p. 19-41.
14. Faill, R.T., 1997a, A geologic history of the north-central Appalachians: Part 1. Orogenesis from the Mesoproterozoic to the Taconic orogeny: American Journal of Science, v. 297, p. 551-619.
15. Faill, R.T., 1997b, A geologic history of the north-central Appalachians: Part 2. The Appalachian basin from the Silurian through the Carboniferous: American Journal of Science, v. 297, p. 729-761.
16. Fedosh, M.S., and Smoot, J.P., 1988, A cored stratigraphic section through the northern Newark basin, New Jersey, in Froelich, A.J., and Robinson, G.R., Jr., eds., Studies of the early Mesozoic basins of the eastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1776, p. 19-24.
17. Froelich, A.J., Leavy, B.D., and Lindholm, R.C., 1982, Geologie traverse across the Culpeper basin (Triassic-Jurassic) of northern Virginia, in Lyttle, P.T., ed., Central Appalachian geology: Northeast-southeast GSA 1982 field trip guidebooks: Falls Church, Virginia, American Geological Institute, p. 55-82.
18. Glaeser, J.D., 1966, Provenance, dispersal, and depositional environments of Triassic sediments in the Newark-Gettysburg basin: Pennsylvania Geological Survey, 4th series, General Geology Report G43, 168 p.
19. Gore, P.J.W., 1988, Late Triassic and Early Jurassic lacustrine sedimentation in the Culpeper basin, Virginia, in Manspeizer, Warren, ed., Triassic-Jurassic rifting: Continental breakup and the origin of the Atlantic Ocean and passive margins: Part A: Amsterdam, Elsevier, p. 369-400.
20. Gradstein, F.M., Agterberg, F.P., Ogg, J.G., Hardenbol, Jan, van Veen, Paul, Thierry, Jacques, and Huang, Zehui, 1994, A Mesozoic time scale: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 99, p. 24,051-24,074.
21. Hentz, T.F., 1985, Early Jurassic sedimentation of a rift-valley lake: Culpeper basin, northern Virginia: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 96, p. 92-107.
22. Hozik, M.J., 1992, Paleomagnetism of igneous rocks in the Culpeper, Newark, and Hartford/Deerfield basins, in Puffer, J.H., and Ragland, P.C., eds., Eastern North American Mesozoic magmatism: Geological Society of America Special Paper 268, p. 279-308.
23. Hutchinson, D.R., and Klitgord, K.D., 1988, Evolution of rift basins on the continental margin off southern New England, in Manspeizer, Warren, ed., Triassic-Jurassic rifting: Continental breakup and the origin of the Atlantic Ocean and passive margins: Part A: Amsterdam, Elsevier, p. 82-98.
24. Hutchinson, D.R., Klitgord, K.D., and Detrick, R.S., 1986, Rift basins of the Long Island platform: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 97, p. 688-702.
25. Kay, Marshall, 1951, North American geosynclines: Geological Society of America Memoir 48, 143 p.
26. Kent, D.V., Olsen, P.E., and Witte, W.K., 1995, Late Triassic-earliest Jurassic geomagnetic polarity sequence and paleolatitudes from drill cores in the Newark rift basin, eastern North America: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 100, p. 14,965-14,998.
27. Klein, G.de V., 1969, Deposition of Triassic sedimentary rocks in separate basins, eastern North America: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 80, p. 1825-1832.
28. Kümmel, H.B., 1897, The Newark System-Report of progress, in Smock, J.C., ed., Annual report of the State Geologist for the year 1896: p. 25-88.
29. Lambiase, J.J., 1990, A model for tectonic control of lacustrine stratigraphic sequences in continental rift basins, in Katz, B.J., ed., Lacustrine basin exploration. Case studies and modern analogues: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 50, p. 265-276.
30. Lapham, D.M., and Gray, Carlyle, 1973, Geology and origin of the Triassic magnetite deposit and diabase at Cornwall, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Geological Survey, 4th series, Mineral Resources Report 56, 343 p.
31. Lawson, A.C., 1913, The petrographic designation of alluvial fan formations: University of California Publication, Bulletin of the Department of Geology, v. 7, p. 325-334.
32. Lee, K.Y., 1977, Triassic stratigraphy in the northern part of the Culpeper basin, Virginia and Maryland, in Cohee, G.B., and Wright, W.B., Changes in stratigraphic nomenclature by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1975: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1422-C, p. C1-C17.
33. Lee, K.Y., and Froelich, A.J., 1989, Triassic-Jurassic stratigraphy of the Culpeper and Barboursville basins, Virginia and Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1472, 52 p.
34. Leeder, M.R., and Gawthorpe, R.L., 1987, Sedimentary models for extensional tilt-block/half-graben basins: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 28, p. 139-152.
35. LeTourneau, 1985, Alluvial fan development in the Lower Jurassic Portland Formation, central Connecticut-Implications for tectonics and climate, in Robinson, G.R., and Froelich, A.J., eds., Proceedings of the Second U.S. Geological Survey Workshop on the Early Mesozoic Basins of the Eastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 946, p. 17-26.
36. Lindholm, R.C., 1979, Geologic history and stratigraphy of the Triassic-Jurassic Culpeper basin, Virginia: Geological Society of America Bulletin, Part I, v. 90, p. 995-997; Part II, v. 90, p. 1702-1736.
37. Lindholm, R.C., Hazlett, J.M., and Fagin, S.W., 1979, Petrology of Triassic-Jurassic conglomerates in the Culpeper Basin, Virginia: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 49, p. 1245-1262.
38. Longwell, C.R., 1937, Sedimentation in relation to faulting: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 48, p. 433-441.
39. Lorenz, J.C., 1988, Triassic-Jurassic rift-basin sedimentology: New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, 315 p.
40. Manspeizer, Warren, 1981, Early Mesozoic basins of the central Atlantic passive margins, in Bally, A.W., Watts, A.B., Grow, J.A., Manspeizer, W., Bernoulli, E., Schreiber, C., and Hunt, J.M., eds., Geology of passive continental margins: History, structure and sedimentologic record (with special emphasis on the Atlantic margin), p. 4-1-4-60.
41. McHone, J.G., 1996, Broad-terrane Jurassic flood basalts across northeastern North America: Geology, v. 24, p. 319-322.
42. McLaughlin, D.B., 1946, The Triassic rocks of the Hunterdon Plateau, New Jersey: Pennsylvania Academy of Sciences Proceedings, v. 20, p. 89-98.
43. McLaughlin, D.B., 1959, Mesozoic rocks, in Willard, Bradford, Freedman, Jacob, McLaughlin, D.B., Ryan, J.D., Wherry, E.T., Peltier, L.C., and Gault, H.R., eds., Geology and mineral resources of Bucks County, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Geological Survey, 4th series, County Report 9, p. 55-152.
44. McLaughlin, D.B., and Gerhard, R.C., 1953, Stratigraphy and origin of Triassic fluviatile sediments, Lebanon and Lancaster Counties: Pennsylvania Academy of Sciences Proceedings, v. 27, p. 136-142.
45. Olsen, P.E., 1980, Triassic and Jurassic formations of the Newark basin, in Manspeizer, Warren, ed., Field studies of New Jersey geology and guide to field trips: Annual Meeting of the New York State Geological Association, 52nd, p. 2-39.
46. Olsen, P.E., 1986, A 40-million-year lake record of early Mesozoic climatic forcing: Science, v. 234, p. 842-848.
47. Olsen, P.E., 1988, Continuity of strata in the Newark and Hartford basins, in Froelich, A.J., and Robinson, G.R., Jr., eds., Studies of the early Mesozoic basins of the eastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1776, p. 6-18.
48. Olsen, P.E., 1997, Stratigraphic record of the early Mesozoic breakup of Pangea in the Laurasia-Gondwana rift system: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 25, p. 337-401.
49. Olsen, P.E., Kent, D.V., Cornet, B., Witte, W.K., and Schlische, R.W., 1996a, High-resolution stratigraphy of the Newark rift basin (early Mesozoic, eastern North America): Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 108, p. 40-77.
50. Olsen, P.E., Schlische, R.W., and Fedosh, M.S., 1996b. 600 ky duration of the Early Jurassic flood basalt event in eastern North America estimated using Milankovitch cyclostratigraphy, in Morales, M., ed., The continental Jurassic: Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin 60, p. 11-22.
51. Olsen, P.E., Schlische, R.W., and Gore, P.J.W., editors, 1989, Tectonic, depositional, and paleoecological history of early Mesozoic rift basins, eastern North America: 28th International Geological Congress, Sedimentation and basin analysis, in Siliciclastic rock sequences: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, International Geological Congress, 28th, guidebook, Field Trip T351, 174 p.
52. Oshchudlak, M.E., and Hubert, J.F., 1988, Petrology of Mesozoic sandstones in the Newark basin, central New Jersey and adjacent New York, in Manspeizer, Warren, ed., Triassic-Jurassic rifting: Continental breakup and the origin of the Atlantic Ocean and passive margins: Part A: Amsterdam, Elsevier, p. 333-352.
53. Palmer, A.R., and Geissman, John, 1999, Geologic time scale: Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America.
54. Parker, R.A., Houghton, H.F., and McDowell, R.C., 1988, Stratigraphic framework and distribution of early Mesozoic rocks of the northern Newark basin, New Jersey and New York, in Froelich, A.J., and Robinson, G.R., Jr., eds., Studies of the early Mesozoic basins of the eastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1776, p. 31-48.
55. Reynolds, D.J., 1994, Syndepositional features and accumulation rates of the Newark rift basin: Evidence from seismic and well data, in Reynolds, D.J., ed., Sedimentary basin evolution: Tectonic and climatic interaction: New York, Columbia University, p. 126-186.
56. Roberts, J.K., 1928, The geology of the Virginia Triassic: Virginia Division of Mineral Resources Bulletin, v. 29, p. 205 p.
57. Rogers, H.D., 1858, The geology of Pennsylvania: Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott, v. 2, p. 667-697, 759-763.
58. Russell, I.C., 1892, Correlation papers: The Newark System: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, v. 85, 344 p.
59. Savage, E.L., 1978, The Triassic rocks of the northern Newark basin, in Finks, R.M., ed., Guidebook to field excursion: Flushing, New York Geological Association, Annual Meeting, 40th, p. 49-100.
60. Schlische, R.W., 1992, Structural and stratigraphic development of the Newark extensional basin, eastern North America: Evidence for the growth of the basin and its bounding structures: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, p. 1246-1263.
61. Schlische, R.W., and Olsen, P.E., 1990, Quantitative filling model for continental extensional basins with applications to early Mesozoic rifts of eastern North America: Journal of Geology, v. 98, p. 135-155.
62. Smith, R.C., II, Rose, A.W., and Lanning, R.M., 1975, Geology and geochemistry of Triassic diabase in Pennsylvania: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 86, p. 943-955.
63. Smoot, J.P., 1985, The closed-basin hypothesis and its use in facies analysis of the Newark Supergroup, in Robinson, G.R., Jr., and Froelich, A.J., eds., Proceedings of the second U.S. Geological Survey workshop on the early Mesozoic basins of the eastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 946, p. 4-10.
64. Smoot, J.P., 1991, Sedimentary facies and depositional environments of early Mesozoic Newark Supergroup basins, eastern North America: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 84, p. 369-423.
65. th series, p. 181-201.
66. Stose, G.W., and Bascom, Florence, 1929, Fairfield-Gettysburg folio: U.S. Geological Survey Folio 225, 22 p.
67. Stose, G.W., and Jonas, A.I., 1939, Geology and mineral resources of York County, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Geological Survey, 4th series, County Report 67, 199 p.
68. Tollo, R.P., and Gottfried, David, 1992, Petrochemistry of Jurassic basalt from eight cores, Newark basin, New Jersey: Implications for the volcanic petrogenesis of the Newark Supergroup, in Puffer, J.H., and Ragland, P.C., eds., Eastern North American Mesozoic magmatism: Geological Society of America Special Paper 268, p. 233-259.
69. Turner-Peterson, C.E., and Smoot, J.P., 1985, New thoughts on facies relationships in the Triassic Stockton and Lockatong formations, Pennsylvania and New Jersey, in Robinson, G.R., Jr., and Froelich, A.J., eds., Proceedings, Second U.S. Geological Survey Workshop on the Early Mesozoic Basins of the Eastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 946, p. 10-17.
70. Unger, J.D., 1988, A simple technique for analysis and migration of seismic reflection profiles from the Mesozoic basins of eastern North America, in Froelich, A.J., and Robinson, G.R., Jr., eds., Studies of the early Mesozoic basins of the eastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1776, p. 229-235.
71. Van Houten, F.B., 1962, Cyclic sedimentation and the origin of analcime-rich Upper Triassic Lockatong Formation, west central New Jersey and adjacent Pennsylvania: American Journal of Science, v. 260, p. 561-576.
72. Van Houten, F.B., 1964, Cyclic lacustrine sedimentation, Upper Triassic Lockatong Formation, central New Jersey and adjacent Pennsylvania, in Merriam. D.F., ed., Symposium on cyclic sedimentation: Kansas Geological Survey Bulletin 169, p. 497-531.
73. Van Houten, F.B., 1969, Late Triassic Newark Group, north-central New Jersey and adjacent Pennsylvania and New York, in Subitzky, Seymour, ed., Geology of selected areas in New Jersey and eastern Pennsylvania and guidebook of excursions: New Brunswick, New Jersey, Rutgers University, Geological Society of America, Field Trip 4, p. 314-347.
74. Weems, R.E., and Olsen, P.E., 1997, Synthesis and revision of groups within the Newark Supergroup, eastern North America: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 109, p. 195-209.
75. Weigand, P.W., and Ragland, P.C., 1970, Geochemistry of Mesozoic dolerite dikes from eastern North America: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 29, p. 195-214.
76. Wheeler, H.E., and Mallory, V.S., 1956, Factors in lithostratigraphy: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 40, p. 2711-2723.
77. Withjack, M.O., Schlische, R.W., and Olsen, P.E., 1998, Diachronous rifting, drifting, and inversion on the passive margin of central eastern North America: An analog for other passive margins: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 82, p. 817-835.